Sovereign Council of New France
Encyclopedia
The Sovereign Council of New France was a political body appointed by the King of France and consisting of a Governor General, an Intendant of New France
answered to the French Minister of the Marine, And also the Bishop witch helped with laws and land. The members of the council were chosen as part of the French nobility.
The introduction of this government cancelled the contract with the Compagnie des cents associées
which apparently had failed to organize the establishment of thousands of colonists in America.
The institution lasted from its introduction in 1663 to the fall of New France in 1760. Its last meeting occurred on April 28, 1760, day of the Battle of Sainte-Foy
.
As early as June 16, 1703, the King of France refers to the council as the Conseil Supérieur instead of the former Conseil Souverain.
Governor General of New France
Intendant of New France
The Indendant was President of the Council.
Bishop
Intendant of New France
New France was governed by three rulers: the governor, the bishop and the intendant, all appointed by the King, and sent from France. The intendant was responsible for finance, economic development, and the administration of justice . He also presided over the Sovereign Council of New France...
answered to the French Minister of the Marine, And also the Bishop witch helped with laws and land. The members of the council were chosen as part of the French nobility.
The introduction of this government cancelled the contract with the Compagnie des cents associées
Company of One Hundred Associates
In 1627 the French government granted the company of 100 associates a monopoly on the fur trade in New france. In return the company was supposed to bring over 4000 French catholics to settle down in new france over the next 15 years. The company allowed the settlers to trade for furs directly with...
which apparently had failed to organize the establishment of thousands of colonists in America.
The institution lasted from its introduction in 1663 to the fall of New France in 1760. Its last meeting occurred on April 28, 1760, day of the Battle of Sainte-Foy
Battle of Sainte-Foy
The Battle of Sainte-Foy, sometimes called the Battle of Quebec, was fought on April 28, 1760 near the British-held town of Quebec in the French province of Canada during the Seven Years' War . It was a victory for the French under the Chevalier de Lévis over the British army under General Murray...
.
As early as June 16, 1703, the King of France refers to the council as the Conseil Supérieur instead of the former Conseil Souverain.
Composition
The Sovereign Council included nine officials who were fully responsible for all legislative, executive, and judicial matters. It made rules and enacted laws concerning the day-to-day affairs of the colony- The governorGovernor of New FranceThe Governor of New France was the viceroy of the King of France in North America. A French noble, he was appointed to govern the colonies of New France, which included Canada, Acadia and Louisiana. The residence of the Governor was at the Château St-Louis in the capital of Quebec City...
of this new regime was the direct representative of the king of France and was responsible for defense and diplomatic relations. - The intendantIntendant of New FranceNew France was governed by three rulers: the governor, the bishop and the intendant, all appointed by the King, and sent from France. The intendant was responsible for finance, economic development, and the administration of justice . He also presided over the Sovereign Council of New France...
was responsible for economic affairs and trade, the administration of justice, finance, settlement and seigneurialism. He traveled from house to house asking what should be improved. - The bishop was in control of religious affairs, which included charity, education, hospitals and the ChristianizationChristianizationThe historical phenomenon of Christianization is the conversion of individuals to Christianity or the conversion of entire peoples at once...
of AmerindiansIndigenous peoples of the AmericasThe indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian inhabitants of North and South America, their descendants and other ethnic groups who are identified with those peoples. Indigenous peoples are known in Canada as Aboriginal peoples, and in the United States as Native Americans...
. - The Captain of the Militia informed the inhabitants of the Intendant's plans for the development for the colony, reported on the concerns of the people, and tallied the census.
- Five councillors served as a Court of Appeal and as a governing body, and they formed the colony's senior court of law. In 1703, the number of councillors was increased to 12. Prior to 1675 the councillors were appointed by the Governor General and thereafter by the King alone.
Governor General of New FranceGovernor General of New FranceGovernor General of New France was the vice-regal post in New France from 1663 until 1760 and was the last French vice-regal post. It was replaced by the British post of Governor of the Province of Quebec following the fall of New France...
| Name | Term | Sovereign |
|---|---|---|
| Augustin de Mésy | 1663-1665 | Louis XIV Louis XIV of France Louis XIV , known as Louis the Great or the Sun King , was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre. His reign, from 1643 to his death in 1715, began at the age of four and lasted seventy-two years, three months, and eighteen days... |
| Daniel de Courcelle | 1665-1672 | |
| Le comte de Frontenac Louis de Buade de Frontenac Louis de Buade, Comte de Frontenac et de Palluau was a French soldier, courtier, and Governor General of New France from 1672 to 1682 and from 1689 to his death in 1698... |
1672-1682 | |
| Joseph-Antoine de LaBarre | 1682-1685 | |
| Le marquis de Denonville | 1685-1689 | |
| Le comte de Frontenac Louis de Buade de Frontenac Louis de Buade, Comte de Frontenac et de Palluau was a French soldier, courtier, and Governor General of New France from 1672 to 1682 and from 1689 to his death in 1698... |
1689-1698 | |
| Hector de Callière | 1698-1703 | |
| Philippe de Rigaud de Vaudreuil | 1703-1725 | Louis XV Louis XV of France Louis XV was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1 September 1715 until his death. He succeeded his great-grandfather at the age of five, his first cousin Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, served as Regent of the kingdom until Louis's majority in 1723... |
| Le marquis de Beauharnois Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois was a French Naval officer who served as Governor of New France from 1726 to 1746.Charles had two brothers who also impacted the history of New France... |
1726-1747 | |
| Le comte de La Galissonnière | 1747-1749 | |
| Le Marquis de la Jonquière Jacques-Pierre de Taffanel de la Jonquière, Marquis de la Jonquière Jacques-Pierre de Taffanel de la Jonquière was a French admiral and Governor General of New France from March 1, 1746 until his death in 1752.De la Jonquière was born near Albi... |
1749-1752 | |
| Le Marquis Duquesne Marquis Duquesne Michel-Ange Du Quesne de Menneville, Marquis Du Quesne was a French Governor General of New France. He was born in Toulon.... |
1752-1755 | |
| Pierre François de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnal Pierre François de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnal Pierre François de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnal was a Canadian-born French colonial governor in North America... |
1755-1760 | |
Intendant of New FranceIntendant of New FranceNew France was governed by three rulers: the governor, the bishop and the intendant, all appointed by the King, and sent from France. The intendant was responsible for finance, economic development, and the administration of justice . He also presided over the Sovereign Council of New France...
The Indendant was President of the Council.| Name | Term | Sovereign |
|---|---|---|
| Jean Talon Jean Talon Jean Talon, Comte d'Orsainville was a French colonial administrator who was the first and most highly regarded Intendant of New France under King Louis XIV... |
1665-1668 | Louis XIV Louis XIV of France Louis XIV , known as Louis the Great or the Sun King , was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre. His reign, from 1643 to his death in 1715, began at the age of four and lasted seventy-two years, three months, and eighteen days... |
| Claude de Boutroue d'Aubigny Claude de Boutroue d'Aubigny Claude de Bouteroue d'Aubigny was the intendant of New France from 1668 to 1670. His tenure was between two periods served by Jean Talon in that position.-External links:*... |
1668-1670 | |
| Jean Talon Jean Talon Jean Talon, Comte d'Orsainville was a French colonial administrator who was the first and most highly regarded Intendant of New France under King Louis XIV... |
1669-1672 | |
| Jacques Duchesneau de la Doussinière et d'Ambault Jacques Duchesneau de la Doussinière et d'Ambault Jacques Duchesneau de la Doussinière et d'Ambault, chevalier , was intendant of New France from 1675 to 1682. His other offices included counsellor to His Majesty, treasurer of France, commissary for the generality of Tours c. 1664 and general of the king’s finances in Touraine... http://www.biographi.ca/EN/ShowBio.asp?BioId=34310 |
1675-1682 | |
| Jacques de Meulles Jacques de Meulles Jacques de Meulles, seigneur of La Source , was intendant and interim governor general of New France. He was the son of Pierre de Meulles, king's councillor, treasurer-general of war supplies; d. 1703.... http://www.biographi.ca/EN/ShowBio.asp?BioId=35111 |
1682-1686 | |
| Jean Bochart de Champigny Jean Bochart de Champigny Jean Bochart de Champigny, Sieur de Noroy et de Verneuil, chevalier , was Superintendent of Finances from 1624 to 1626 and intendant of New France from 1686 to 1702. He was the son of Jean Bochart de Champigny, intendant of Rouen, and Marie Boivin.- External links :* *... , sieur de Noroy de Verneuil http://www.biographi.ca/EN/ShowBio.asp?BioId=34777 |
1686-1702 | |
| François de Beauharnois de la Chaussaye, Baron de Beauville François de Beauharnois de la Chaussaye, Baron de Beauville François de Beauharnois de la Chaussaye, Baron de Beauville or François de Beauharnais de La Boëche / Boische was a French naval and colonial administrator in France itself and in New France, and a member of the House of Beauharnais.-Family:François de Beauharnais was the son of a lawyer in the... |
1702-1705 | |
| Jacques Raudot Jacques Raudot Jacques Raudot was the co-Intendant of New France between 1705 and 1710 with his son Antoine-Denis Raudot.- External links :* * *... co-intendant |
1705-1711 | |
| Antoine-Denis Raudot Antoine-Denis Raudot Antoine-Denis Raudot , was born in Versailles, France)), son of Jacques Raudot.- Intendant of New France :Antoine-Denis Raudot was the co-intendant of New France from 1705 to 1710, along with Jacques Raudot, his father.... co-intendant |
1705-1710 | |
| Michel Bégon de la Picardière Michel Bégon (1667-1747) Michel Bégon de la Picardière was from a French family with a history of service to the King of France in fiscal and judicial matters... |
1712-1726 | Louis XV Louis XV of France Louis XV was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1 September 1715 until his death. He succeeded his great-grandfather at the age of five, his first cousin Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, served as Regent of the kingdom until Louis's majority in 1723... |
| Claude-Thomas Dupuy Claude-Thomas Dupuy Claude-Thomas Dupuy was from Paris, France, where he followed the family's path of upward mobility and prepared himself for a career in law. His good fortunes regarding his career were recognized in the appointment as Intendant of New France from 1726 to 1728 in New France... |
1726-1728 | |
| Gilles Hocquart Gilles Hocquart Gilles Hocquart was from France and minor nobility. The family were successful administrators and financiers.Hocquart was chosen to replace Claude-Thomas Dupuy as Intendant of New France because of his background and because he was deemed to be a more compatible choice to work with Governor... |
1729-1748 | |
| François Bigot François Bigot François Bigot was a French government official. He served as the Financial Commissary on Île Royale and as Intendant of New France. He was the last official ever to hold the latter position, losing it on the occasion of the British Conquest of Québec in 1759... |
1748-1760 |
BishopBishop of QuebecThe title Bishop of Quebec refers to more than one individual:* The Anglican Bishop of Quebec* The Roman Catholic Archbishop of Quebec- See also :* Bishop of Calgary * Bishop of Edmonton...
of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of QuebecRoman Catholic Archdiocese of QuebecThe Archdiocese of Québec is the oldest Catholic see in the New World north of Mexico. The archdiocese was founded as the Apostolic Vicariate of New France in 1658 and was elevated to a Diocese in 1674 and an Archdiocese in 1819...
| Name | Term | Sovereign |
|---|---|---|
| Bishop François de Montmorency-Laval | 1658-1688 | Louis XIV of France Louis XIV of France Louis XIV , known as Louis the Great or the Sun King , was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre. His reign, from 1643 to his death in 1715, began at the age of four and lasted seventy-two years, three months, and eighteen days... |
| Bishop Jean-Baptiste de la Croix de Chevrières de Saint-Vallier Jean-Baptiste de la Croix de Chevrières de Saint-Vallier Jean-Baptiste de la Croix de Chevrière de St. Vallier was appointed to the see of Quebec as bishop in 1685 by Louis XIV. But, Blessed Pope Innocent XI was not granting any more bulls of investiture.... http://www.biographi.ca/EN/ShowBioPrintable.asp?BioId=35016 |
1688-1727 | Louis XIV of France Louis XIV of France Louis XIV , known as Louis the Great or the Sun King , was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre. His reign, from 1643 to his death in 1715, began at the age of four and lasted seventy-two years, three months, and eighteen days... (until September 1715) and Louis XV of France Louis XV of France Louis XV was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1 September 1715 until his death. He succeeded his great-grandfather at the age of five, his first cousin Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, served as Regent of the kingdom until Louis's majority in 1723... |
| Bishop Louis-François Duplessis de Mornay Louis-François Duplessis de Mornay Louis-François Duplessis de Mornay was bishop of the diocese of Quebec from 1727 to 1733, although he never went to Canada. He sent Bishop Dosquet, who was his coadjutor, to be his administrator. Dosquet followed him as the next bishop of Quebec.- References :* *... |
1727-1733 | Louis XV of France Louis XV of France Louis XV was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1 September 1715 until his death. He succeeded his great-grandfather at the age of five, his first cousin Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, served as Regent of the kingdom until Louis's majority in 1723... |
| Bishop Pierre-Herman Dosquet Pierre-Herman Dosquet Pierre-Herman Dosquet was the fourth bishop of Quebec.Born in Liège, Wallonia, Dosquet entered his study for the priesthood in 1715 and volunteered for the Canadian mission in 1722... |
1733-1739 | Louis XV of France Louis XV of France Louis XV was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1 September 1715 until his death. He succeeded his great-grandfather at the age of five, his first cousin Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, served as Regent of the kingdom until Louis's majority in 1723... |
| Bishop François-Louis de Pourroy de Lauberivière François-Louis de Pourroy de Lauberivière François-Louis de Pourroy de Lauberivière was the fifth bishop of the diocese of Quebec . He was trained in France and had a doctor of theology from the Sorbonne.... |
1739-1740 | Louis XV of France Louis XV of France Louis XV was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1 September 1715 until his death. He succeeded his great-grandfather at the age of five, his first cousin Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, served as Regent of the kingdom until Louis's majority in 1723... |
| Bishop Henri-Marie Dubreil de Pontbriand Henri-Marie Dubreil de Pontbriand Henri-Marie Dubreil de Pontbriand , who became the sixth bishop of Roman Catholic diocese of Quebec, was from a titled family and grew up at the Pontbriand château, , France. He received his classical education at La Flèche from the Jesuits and studied theology with the Sulpicians in Paris... |
1741-1760 | Louis XV of France Louis XV of France Louis XV was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1 September 1715 until his death. He succeeded his great-grandfather at the age of five, his first cousin Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, served as Regent of the kingdom until Louis's majority in 1723... |
- Captains of the MilitiaMilitiaThe term militia is commonly used today to refer to a military force composed of ordinary citizens to provide defense, emergency law enforcement, or paramilitary service, in times of emergency without being paid a regular salary or committed to a fixed term of service. It is a polyseme with...
- head of militia units in each parishParishA parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
in New FranceNew FranceNew France was the area colonized by France in North America during a period beginning with the exploration of the Saint Lawrence River by Jacques Cartier in 1534 and ending with the cession of New France to Spain and Great Britain in 1763... - Procurator General of New FranceNew FranceNew France was the area colonized by France in North America during a period beginning with the exploration of the Saint Lawrence River by Jacques Cartier in 1534 and ending with the cession of New France to Spain and Great Britain in 1763...
- Registrar of New FranceNew FranceNew France was the area colonized by France in North America during a period beginning with the exploration of the Saint Lawrence River by Jacques Cartier in 1534 and ending with the cession of New France to Spain and Great Britain in 1763...
See also
- New FranceNew FranceNew France was the area colonized by France in North America during a period beginning with the exploration of the Saint Lawrence River by Jacques Cartier in 1534 and ending with the cession of New France to Spain and Great Britain in 1763...
- Timeline of Quebec historyTimeline of Quebec historyThis article presents a detailed timeline of Quebec history. Events taking place outside Quebec, for example in English Canada, the United States, Britain or France, may be included when they are considered to have had a significant impact on Quebec's history....
- List of Governors General of Canada
- List of French possessions and colonies
External links
- Les conseillers au Conseil souverain de la Nouvelle-France, Pierre-Georges Roy (The Consellors of the Sovereign Council of New France)