All articles concerning cerebral palsy

Cerebral palsy

Cerebral palsy is an umbrella term encompassing a group of non-progressive, non-contagious motor conditions that cause physical disability in human development, chiefly in the various areas of body movement....

-based spasticity

Spasticity

Spasticity is a feature of altered skeletal muscle performance in muscle tone involving hypertonia, which is also referred to as an unusual "tightness" of muscles...

 mobility impairments, except for the article on spastic diplegia

Spastic diplegia

Spastic diplegia, historically known as Little's Disease, is a form of cerebral palsy that is a neuromuscular condition of hypertonia and spasticity in the muscles of the lower extremities of the human body, usually those of the legs, hips and pelvis...

, redirect here. Spasticity of these types is not to be confused with paralytic disabilities

Paralysis

Paralysis is loss of muscle function for one or more muscles. Paralysis can be accompanied by a loss of feeling in the affected area if there is sensory damage as well as motor. A study conducted by the Christopher & Dana Reeve Foundation, suggests that about 1 in 50 people have been diagnosed...

 similarly affecting varying specific limbs and that tend to carry similar names.

Spastic quadriplegia, sometimes called spastic tetraplegia, is the version of spastic diplegia

Spastic diplegia

Spastic diplegia, historically known as Little's Disease, is a form of cerebral palsy that is a neuromuscular condition of hypertonia and spasticity in the muscles of the lower extremities of the human body, usually those of the legs, hips and pelvis...

 that affects all four limbs (arms and legs) rather than just the legs. It is defined by spasticity

Spasticity

Spasticity is a feature of altered skeletal muscle performance in muscle tone involving hypertonia, which is also referred to as an unusual "tightness" of muscles...

, rather than the paralysis

Paralysis

Paralysis is loss of muscle function for one or more muscles. Paralysis can be accompanied by a loss of feeling in the affected area if there is sensory damage as well as motor. A study conducted by the Christopher & Dana Reeve Foundation, suggests that about 1 in 50 people have been diagnosed...

 that defines quadriplegia

Quadriplegia

Tetraplegia, also known as quadriplegia, is paralysis caused by illness or injury to a human that results in the partial or total loss of use of all their limbs and torso; paraplegia is similar but does not affect the arms...

. As with all forms of spasticity, spastic quadriplegia, while affecting all four limbs more or less equally, can still contain within an individual specific case, parts of the body that are more spastic than others, such as one arm being tighter than another arm, and so forth. Spastic triplegia, meanwhile, involves three limbs (such as one arm and two legs, or one leg and two arms, etc.); spastic hemiplegia affects one or another entire side of the body (left or right); and spastic monoplegia involves a single limb.

For more on why spasticity behaves this way and is so different from person to person, see the main article on muscle spasticity

Spasticity

Spasticity is a feature of altered skeletal muscle performance in muscle tone involving hypertonia, which is also referred to as an unusual "tightness" of muscles...

.

Scientific classification

The scientific classifications for these types include:

Type	OMIM	Gene	Locus
CPSQ1		GAD1 GAD1 Glutamate decarboxylase 1 , also known as GAD1, is a human gene.This gene encodes one of several forms of glutamic acid decarboxylase, identified as a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes. The enzyme encoded is responsible for catalyzing the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid from...	2q31
CPSQ2		ANKRD15 ANKRD15 KN motif and ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KANK1 gene.-Further reading:...	9p24.3
CPSQ3		AP4M1 AP4M1 AP-4 complex subunit mu-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP4M1 gene.-Clinical relevance:It is currently hypothesized that AP4-complex-mediated trafficking plays a crucial role in brain development and functioning.-Further reading:...	7q22.1