Static routing
Encyclopedia
Static routing is a data communication concept describing one way of configuring path selection of routers in computer network
s. It is the type of routing
characterized by the absence of communication between routers regarding the current topology
of the network. This is achieved by manually adding route
s to the routing table. The opposite of static routing is dynamic routing, sometimes also referred to as adaptive routing.
In these systems, routes through a data network are described by fixed paths (statically). These routes are usually entered into the router by the system administrator. An entire network can be configured using static routes, but this type of configuration is not fault tolerant. When there is a change in the network or a failure occurs between two statically defined nodes, traffic will not be rerouted. This means that anything that wishes to take an affected path will either have to wait for the failure to be repaired or the static route to be updated by the administrator before restarting its journey. Most requests will time out (ultimately failing) before these repairs can be made.
There are, however, times when static routes can improve the performance of a network. Some of these include stub network
s and default route
s.
command line syntax and will only work on certain Cisco routers)
The other option is to define a static route with reference to the outgoing interface which is connected to the next hop towards the destination network.
Computer network
A computer network, often simply referred to as a network, is a collection of hardware components and computers interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information....
s. It is the type of routing
Routing
Routing is the process of selecting paths in a network along which to send network traffic. Routing is performed for many kinds of networks, including the telephone network , electronic data networks , and transportation networks...
characterized by the absence of communication between routers regarding the current topology
Topology
Topology is a major area of mathematics concerned with properties that are preserved under continuous deformations of objects, such as deformations that involve stretching, but no tearing or gluing...
of the network. This is achieved by manually adding route
Route
Route may refer to:* Route or thoroughfare for transportation* Route number or road number*Trade route, a commonly used path for the passage of goods*Scenic route, a thoroughfare designated as scenic based on the scenery through which it passes...
s to the routing table. The opposite of static routing is dynamic routing, sometimes also referred to as adaptive routing.
In these systems, routes through a data network are described by fixed paths (statically). These routes are usually entered into the router by the system administrator. An entire network can be configured using static routes, but this type of configuration is not fault tolerant. When there is a change in the network or a failure occurs between two statically defined nodes, traffic will not be rerouted. This means that anything that wishes to take an affected path will either have to wait for the failure to be repaired or the static route to be updated by the administrator before restarting its journey. Most requests will time out (ultimately failing) before these repairs can be made.
There are, however, times when static routes can improve the performance of a network. Some of these include stub network
Stub network
A stub network is a somewhat casual term describing a computer network, or part of an internetwork, with no knowledge of other networks, that will typically send much or all of its non-local traffic out via a single path, with the network aware only of a default route to non-local destinations...
s and default route
Default route
A default route, also known as the gateway of last resort, is the network route used by a router when no other known route exists for a given IP packet's destination address. All the packets for destinations not known by the router's routing table are sent to the default route...
s.
Example
To configure a static route to network 10.10.20.0/24, pointing to a next-hop router with the IP address of 192.168.100.1, type: (Note that this example is written in the Cisco IOSCisco IOS
Cisco IOS is the software used on the vast majority of Cisco Systems routers and current Cisco network switches...
command line syntax and will only work on certain Cisco routers)
Router> enable
Router# configure terminal
Router(config)# ip route 10.10.20.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.100.1The other option is to define a static route with reference to the outgoing interface which is connected to the next hop towards the destination network.
Router> enable
Router# configure terminal
Router(config)# ip route 10.10.20.0 255.255.255.0 Serial 0/0