Stefano Delle Chiaie
Encyclopedia
Stefano Delle Chiaie is a neofascist Italian activist (founder of Avanguardia Nazionale
, 1960, member of Ordine Nuovo
, and founder of Lega nazionalpopolare, 1991). He went on to become a wanted man worldwide, suspect to be involved in Italy's strategy of tension
, but was acquitted. He was a friend of Licio Gelli
, grandmaster of P2 masonic lodge
. He was suspected of involvement in South America's Operation Condor
, but was acquitted.
(MSI, the neo-Fascist party). However he rejected the participation of the MSI in elections, preferring to take the battle to the streets, and so he left the party in 1960 to form the National Vanguard
("Avanguardia Nazionale") as a street-fighting group. Around this time, he also became a member of the secret P2 Masonic Lodge
.
Delle Chiaie soon became a close ally of Junio Valerio Borghese
and was suspected with him in the Golpe Borghese
, but was acquitted because at time was in Barcelona-Spain.
Delle Chiaie was arrested in Caracas
, Venezuela in 1989 and extradited to Italy to stand trial for his role in the Strage di Piazza Fontana bombing of Milan on December 12, 1969. Delle Chiaie was acquitted by the Assize Court in Catanzaro in 1989, along with fellow accused Massimiliano Fachini. At 20 febbraio 1989 was declared as not guilty. At 5 luglio 1991 on appeal was acquitted for the case and for participation to subversive association.
He was also charged with subversive association in relationship to the 1980 Bologna railway station bombing
, but was acquitted on appeals.
The movement have limited success at Italy national parliamentary election 1992.
In the course of his activities Delle Chiaie was also known by a number of aliases, the most notable of which were ALFA and Alfredo Di Stéfano, after the celebrated footballer of the same name
.
Delle Chiaie has since spent most of his time working in Latin America.
Stefano Delle Chiaie took part in Yves Guérin-Sérac's "Aginter Press
" founded in António de Oliveira Salazar
's Portugal in 1965.
As cited in "The Fourth Reich: Klaus Barbie and the neo-Fascist connection", by Magnus Linklater, Isable Hilton, and Neal Archerson, Delle Chiaie was one of the orchestrators of the "Cocaine Coup" in Bolivia, along with Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie, that brought General Garcia Meza to power
Stefano Delle Chiaie declared in a 1983 interview to a Spanish reporter:
I was decided to give my hand to the creation of an international revolutionary movement...
During a 1997 hearing before the Commission on terrorism headed by senator Giovanni Pellegrino
, Stefano Delle Chiaie went on speaking about a "black fascist International
" and his hopes of creating the conditions of an "international revolution." He talked about the World Anticommunist League, but said that after attending a meeting in Paraguay, he left it. He claimed that the latter was a front for the CIA. He only admitted having taken part in the New European Order
(NOE) organization, and denied having worked with the International Anticommunist Alliance around 1974.
According to CIA documents, in Madrid, Stefano Delle Chiaie also met with Michael Townley
, a DINA agent, and Virgilio Paz Romero
, a Cuban based in Miami, with connections in Chile, to prepare, with the help of Franco's secret police, the murder of Bernardo Leighton
, a Chilean Christian Democrat
. On October 6, 1975 Leighton and his wife were severely injured by gunshots while in exile in Rome.
Delle Chiaie, along with fellow extremist Vincenzo Vinciguerra
, also testified in Rome in December 1995 before judge María Servini de Cubria that Enrique Arancibia Clavel
(a former Chilean secret police agent prosecuted for crimes against humanity in 2004) and Michael Townley
(a United States-born secret police officer) were directly involved in this assassination.
Michael Townley has claimed that DINA agent Enrique Arancibia Clavel
, convicted in Argentina for the 1974 assassination of General Carlos Prats
, had traveled to California in Fall of 1977 on banking business for ALFA, alias Stefano Delle Chiaie.
National Vanguard (Italy)
The National Vanguard is a name that has been used for at least two neo-fascist groups in Italy.-Original group:The original National Vanguard was an extra-parliamentary movement formed as a breakaway group from the Italian Social Movement by Stefano Delle Chiaie in 1960, initially based around a...
, 1960, member of Ordine Nuovo
Ordine Nuovo
Ordine Nuovo , full name Centro Studi Ordine Nuovo, "New Order Scholarship Center") was an Italian far right cultural and extra-parliamentary political and terrorist organization founded by Pino Rauti in 1956...
, and founder of Lega nazionalpopolare, 1991). He went on to become a wanted man worldwide, suspect to be involved in Italy's strategy of tension
Strategy of tension
The strategy of tension is a theory that describes how to divide, manipulate, and control public opinion using fear, propaganda, disinformation, psychological warfare, agents provocateurs, and false flag terrorist actions....
, but was acquitted. He was a friend of Licio Gelli
Licio Gelli
Licio Gelli is an Italian financier, chiefly known for his role in the Banco Ambrosiano scandal. He was revealed in 1981 as being the Venerable Master of the clandestine Masonic lodge Propaganda Due...
, grandmaster of P2 masonic lodge
Propaganda Due
Propaganda Due , or P2, was a Masonic lodge operating under the jurisdiction of the Grand Orient of Italy from 1945 to 1976 , and a pseudo-Masonic or "black" or "covert" lodge operating illegally from 1976 to...
. He was suspected of involvement in South America's Operation Condor
Operation Condor
Operation Condor , was a campaign of political repression involving assassination and intelligence operations officially implemented in 1975 by the right-wing dictatorships of the Southern Cone of South America...
, but was acquitted.
Founder of Avanguardia Nazionale in 1960
Delle Chiaie began as member of the Italian Social MovementItalian Social Movement
The Italian Social Movement , and later the Italian Social Movement–National Right , was a neo-fascist and post-fascist political party in Italy. Formed in 1946 by supporters of former Italian dictator Benito Mussolini, the party became the fourth largest party in Italy by the early 1960s...
(MSI, the neo-Fascist party). However he rejected the participation of the MSI in elections, preferring to take the battle to the streets, and so he left the party in 1960 to form the National Vanguard
National Vanguard (Italy)
The National Vanguard is a name that has been used for at least two neo-fascist groups in Italy.-Original group:The original National Vanguard was an extra-parliamentary movement formed as a breakaway group from the Italian Social Movement by Stefano Delle Chiaie in 1960, initially based around a...
("Avanguardia Nazionale") as a street-fighting group. Around this time, he also became a member of the secret P2 Masonic Lodge
Propaganda Due
Propaganda Due , or P2, was a Masonic lodge operating under the jurisdiction of the Grand Orient of Italy from 1945 to 1976 , and a pseudo-Masonic or "black" or "covert" lodge operating illegally from 1976 to...
.
Delle Chiaie soon became a close ally of Junio Valerio Borghese
Junio Valerio Borghese
Prince Junio Valerio Scipione Borghese was an Italian Navy commander during the regime of Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party and was a prominent hard-line fascist politician in post-war Italy.-Early career:Junio Valerio Borghese was born in Artena, Province of Rome, Kingdom of Italy...
and was suspected with him in the Golpe Borghese
Golpe Borghese
The Golpe Borghese was a failed Italian coup d'état allegedly planned for the night of 7 or 8 December 1970. It was named after Junio Valerio Borghese, an Italian World War II commander of the notorious Xª MAS unit, the "Black Prince", convicted of war crimes, but still a hero in the eyes of many...
, but was acquitted because at time was in Barcelona-Spain.
Delle Chiaie was arrested in Caracas
Caracas
Caracas , officially Santiago de León de Caracas, is the capital and largest city of Venezuela; natives or residents are known as Caraquenians in English . It is located in the northern part of the country, following the contours of the narrow Caracas Valley on the Venezuelan coastal mountain range...
, Venezuela in 1989 and extradited to Italy to stand trial for his role in the Strage di Piazza Fontana bombing of Milan on December 12, 1969. Delle Chiaie was acquitted by the Assize Court in Catanzaro in 1989, along with fellow accused Massimiliano Fachini. At 20 febbraio 1989 was declared as not guilty. At 5 luglio 1991 on appeal was acquitted for the case and for participation to subversive association.
He was also charged with subversive association in relationship to the 1980 Bologna railway station bombing
Bologna massacre
The Bologna massacre was a terrorist bombing of the Central Station at Bologna, Italy, on the morning of Saturday, 2 August 1980, which killed 85 people and wounded more than 200. The attack has been materially attributed to the neo-fascist terrorist organization Nuclei Armati Rivoluzionari...
, but was acquitted on appeals.
Founder of Lega Nazionalpopolare 1991
October 1991, was founder of Lega Nazionalpopolare.The movement have limited success at Italy national parliamentary election 1992.
Activity in South America
Stefano delle Chiaie was described by the CIA as being the most wanted rightist terrorist in 1983, was suspected of a lot of irregular activity, but without any evidence against him he was always acquitted.In the course of his activities Delle Chiaie was also known by a number of aliases, the most notable of which were ALFA and Alfredo Di Stéfano, after the celebrated footballer of the same name
Alfredo Di Stéfano
Alfredo Stéfano Di Stéfano Laulhé, born into a family of Italian immigrants from Capri, is a former Argentinian footballer and coach, widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time...
.
Delle Chiaie has since spent most of his time working in Latin America.
Stefano Delle Chiaie took part in Yves Guérin-Sérac's "Aginter Press
Aginter Press
Aginter Press, also known under the name Central Order and Tradition , was a pseudo press agency set up in Lisbon, Portugal in September 1966, under Oliveira Salazar's dictatorship...
" founded in António de Oliveira Salazar
António de Oliveira Salazar
António de Oliveira Salazar, GColIH, GCTE, GCSE served as the Prime Minister of Portugal from 1932 to 1968. He also served as acting President of the Republic briefly in 1951. He founded and led the Estado Novo , the authoritarian, right-wing government that presided over and controlled Portugal...
's Portugal in 1965.
As cited in "The Fourth Reich: Klaus Barbie and the neo-Fascist connection", by Magnus Linklater, Isable Hilton, and Neal Archerson, Delle Chiaie was one of the orchestrators of the "Cocaine Coup" in Bolivia, along with Nazi war criminal Klaus Barbie, that brought General Garcia Meza to power
Stefano Delle Chiaie declared in a 1983 interview to a Spanish reporter:
I was decided to give my hand to the creation of an international revolutionary movement...
During a 1997 hearing before the Commission on terrorism headed by senator Giovanni Pellegrino
Giovanni Pellegrino
Giovanni Pellegrino is an Italian politician.Born in Lecce and a lawyer by profession, he was a Senator of the Republic from 1990 with the Italian Communist Party and the Democrats of the Left to 2001...
, Stefano Delle Chiaie went on speaking about a "black fascist International
International
----International mostly means something that involves more than one country. The term international as a word means involvement of, interaction between or encompassing more than one nation, or generally beyond national boundaries...
" and his hopes of creating the conditions of an "international revolution." He talked about the World Anticommunist League, but said that after attending a meeting in Paraguay, he left it. He claimed that the latter was a front for the CIA. He only admitted having taken part in the New European Order
New European Order
The New European Order was a neo-fascist Europe-wide alliance set up in 1951 to promote Pan-European nationalism. It was a more radical splinter-group of the European Social Movement....
(NOE) organization, and denied having worked with the International Anticommunist Alliance around 1974.
According to CIA documents, in Madrid, Stefano Delle Chiaie also met with Michael Townley
Michael Townley
Michael Vernon Townley is a US citizen currently living in the United States under terms of the federal witness protection program. A Central Intelligence Agency agent and operative of the Chilean secret police, DINA, Townley confessed, was convicted, and served 62 months in prison in the United...
, a DINA agent, and Virgilio Paz Romero
Virgilio Paz Romero
Virgilio Paz Romero is an anti-Castro Cuban exile, involved in various anti-communist acts. He has been accused of taking part in Operation Condor, carrying out Chilean former minister Orlando Letelier's murder in Washington, D.C...
, a Cuban based in Miami, with connections in Chile, to prepare, with the help of Franco's secret police, the murder of Bernardo Leighton
Bernardo Leighton
Bernardo Leighton Guzmán was a Chilean Christian Democrat who was targeted by Operation Condor.In 1937, President Arturo Alessandri Palma appointed him as Employment minister....
, a Chilean Christian Democrat
Christian Democrat Party of Chile
The Christian Democratic Party is a political party in Chile and governs as part of the Coalition of Parties for Democracy coalition. In the 2009 election it won 19 congress seats and 9 senate seats....
. On October 6, 1975 Leighton and his wife were severely injured by gunshots while in exile in Rome.
Delle Chiaie, along with fellow extremist Vincenzo Vinciguerra
Vincenzo Vinciguerra
Vincenzo Vinciguerra is an Italian neo-fascist activist, a former member of the Avanguardia Nazionale and Ordine Nuovo . He is currently serving a life-sentence for the murder of three policemen by a car bomb in Peteano in 1972...
, also testified in Rome in December 1995 before judge María Servini de Cubria that Enrique Arancibia Clavel
Enrique Arancibia Clavel
Enrique Arancibia was a Chilean DINA agent, who resided in unofficial exile in Buenos Aires after the assassination of Chilean Army Chief of Staff René Schneider on 25 October 1970. He was arrested by Argentine intelligence officers shortly after the extradition of Michael Townley to the US, and...
(a former Chilean secret police agent prosecuted for crimes against humanity in 2004) and Michael Townley
Michael Townley
Michael Vernon Townley is a US citizen currently living in the United States under terms of the federal witness protection program. A Central Intelligence Agency agent and operative of the Chilean secret police, DINA, Townley confessed, was convicted, and served 62 months in prison in the United...
(a United States-born secret police officer) were directly involved in this assassination.
Michael Townley has claimed that DINA agent Enrique Arancibia Clavel
Enrique Arancibia Clavel
Enrique Arancibia was a Chilean DINA agent, who resided in unofficial exile in Buenos Aires after the assassination of Chilean Army Chief of Staff René Schneider on 25 October 1970. He was arrested by Argentine intelligence officers shortly after the extradition of Michael Townley to the US, and...
, convicted in Argentina for the 1974 assassination of General Carlos Prats
Carlos Prats
General Carlos Prats González was a Chilean Army officer, a political figure, minister and Vice President of Chile during President Salvador Allende's government, and General Augusto Pinochet's predecessor as commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army...
, had traveled to California in Fall of 1977 on banking business for ALFA, alias Stefano Delle Chiaie.
Result of activity in South America
Stefano Delle Chiaie was never found guilty in South American cases.Further reading
- Stuart ChristieStuart ChristieStuart Christie is a Scottish anarchist writer and publisher. Christie is best known for being arrested as an 18-year old while carrying explosives to assassinate the Spanish dictator General Franco. He was later alleged to be a member of the Angry Brigade, but was acquitted of related charges...
, Stefano Delle Chiaie: Portrait of a Black Terrorist, 1984