Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria
Encyclopedia
Stephen I. was duke of Lower Bavaria
from 1290 until 1310 as co-regent of his older brothers Otto III
(† 1312) and Louis III
(† 1296).
, the son of Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria
and Elizabeth of Hungary. His maternal grandparents were Béla IV of Hungary
and Maria Laskarina
.
His mother introduced the name Stephen onto the Wittelsbach
dynasty with her youngest son. She was a sister of Stephen V of Hungary
and may have named this son after him.
To reduce the influence of the Wittelsbach Pope Nicholas IV
refused his spiritual career in Salzburg
and Stephen became a co-regent of his brothers. During the absence of Otto III in Hungary 1305-1308 Stephen was the only governing duke of Lower Bavaria. Stephen was an enemy of the Habsburg
s and died in 1310 during a war against Frederick I of Austria
.
. She was a daughter of Bolko I, Duke of Jawor and Świdnica and Beatrix of Brandenburg. Her maternal grandparents were Otto V, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel and Jutta of Hennenberg. They had eight children:
Lower Bavaria
Lower Bavaria is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of the state.- Geography :Lower Bavaria is subdivided into two regions - Landshut and Donau-Wald. Recent election results mark it as the most conservative part of Germany, generally giving huge...
from 1290 until 1310 as co-regent of his older brothers Otto III
Otto III, Duke of Bavaria
Otto III of Bavaria , member of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was Duke of Lower Bavaria from 1290 to 1312 and disputably King of Hungary and Croatia between 1305 and 1307 as Béla V.-Family:...
(† 1312) and Louis III
Louis III, Duke of Bavaria
Louis III. was duke of Lower Bavaria from 1290 until 1296 as co-regent with his brothers Otto III and Stephen I.-Biography:Louis was born in Landshut, the son of Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria and Elizabeth of Hungary....
(† 1296).
Biography
Stephen was born in LandshutLandshut
Landshut is a city in Bavaria in the south-east of Germany, belonging to both Eastern and Southern Bavaria. Situated on the banks of the River Isar, Landshut is the capital of Lower Bavaria, one of the seven administrative regions of the Free State of Bavaria. It is also the seat of the...
, the son of Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria
Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria
Henry XIII of Bavaria, member of the Wittelsbach dynasty was Duke of Lower Bavaria. As Duke of Lower Bavaria he is also called Henry I.- Family :...
and Elizabeth of Hungary. His maternal grandparents were Béla IV of Hungary
Béla IV of Hungary
Béla IV , King of Hungary and of Croatia , duke of Styria 1254–58. One of the most famous kings of Hungary, he distinguished himself through his policy of strengthening of the royal power following the example of his grandfather Bela III, and by the rebuilding Hungary after the catastrophe of the...
and Maria Laskarina
Maria Laskarina
Maria Laskarina was a daughter of Theodore I Laskaris and his first wife Anna Angelina.-Life:She was a younger sister of Irene Lascarina, first Empress consort of John III Doukas Vatatzes. Theodore married his eldest daughter to his designated heir in 1212...
.
His mother introduced the name Stephen onto the Wittelsbach
Wittelsbach
The Wittelsbach family is a European royal family and a German dynasty from Bavaria.Members of the family served as Dukes, Electors and Kings of Bavaria , Counts Palatine of the Rhine , Margraves of Brandenburg , Counts of Holland, Hainaut and Zeeland , Elector-Archbishops of Cologne , Dukes of...
dynasty with her youngest son. She was a sister of Stephen V of Hungary
Stephen V of Hungary
Stephen V , was King of Hungary from 1270 to 1272.-Early years:...
and may have named this son after him.
To reduce the influence of the Wittelsbach Pope Nicholas IV
Pope Nicholas IV
Pope Nicholas IV , born Girolamo Masci, was Pope from February 22, 1288 to April 4, 1292. A Franciscan friar, he had been legate to the Greeks under Pope Gregory X in 1272, succeeded Bonaventure as Minister General of his religious order in 1274, was made Cardinal Priest of Santa Prassede and...
refused his spiritual career in Salzburg
Salzburg
-Population development:In 1935, the population significantly increased when Salzburg absorbed adjacent municipalities. After World War II, numerous refugees found a new home in the city. New residential space was created for American soldiers of the postwar Occupation, and could be used for...
and Stephen became a co-regent of his brothers. During the absence of Otto III in Hungary 1305-1308 Stephen was the only governing duke of Lower Bavaria. Stephen was an enemy of the Habsburg
Habsburg
The House of Habsburg , also found as Hapsburg, and also known as House of Austria is one of the most important royal houses of Europe and is best known for being an origin of all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1438 and 1740, as well as rulers of the Austrian Empire and...
s and died in 1310 during a war against Frederick I of Austria
Frederick I of Austria (Habsburg)
Frederick the Handsome or the Fair , from the House of Habsburg, was Duke of Austria and Styria from 1308 as Frederick I as well as King of Germany from 1314 as Frederick III until his death.-Biography:He was the second son of King Albert I of Germany with his wife Elisabeth of...
.
Marriage and children
In 1299, Stephen married Jutta of SchweidnitzSwidnica
Świdnica is a city in south-western Poland in the region of Silesia. It has a population of 60,317 according to 2006 figures. It lies in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, being the seventh largest town in that voivodeship. From 1975–98 it was in the former Wałbrzych Voivodeship...
. She was a daughter of Bolko I, Duke of Jawor and Świdnica and Beatrix of Brandenburg. Her maternal grandparents were Otto V, Margrave of Brandenburg-Salzwedel and Jutta of Hennenberg. They had eight children:
- Agnes of Wittelsbach (1301 - 7 December 1316). Joined the Cistercian Monastery at Seligenthal as a nun.
- Beatrix of Wittelsback (1302 - 29 April 1360). Married Henry III of Gorizia. Regent for their son John Henry IV of Gorizia.
- Friedrich of Wittelsbach (c. 1303). Considered to have died young.
- Judith of Wittelsbach (c. 1304). Considered to have died young.
- Henry XIV, Duke of BavariaHenry XIV, Duke of BavariaHenry XIV, duke of Bavaria, as duke of Lower Bavaria also called Henry II., .- Family :He was a son of Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria and Jutta of Schweidnitz....
(29 September 1305 - 1 September 1339). - Elizabeth of Wittelsbach (1306 - 25 March 1330). Married Otto, Duke of AustriaOtto, Duke of AustriaOtto IV, the Merry was a Duke of Austria and the youngest son of Albert I of Germany and Elisabeth of Tirol.Otto was born in Vienna. He had two brothers, namely Frederick the Handsome and Albert II...
. - Otto IV, Duke of Lower BavariaOtto IV, Duke of Lower BavariaOtto IV was a Duke of Lower Bavaria.-Family:He was a son of Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria and Jutta of Schweidnitz....
(3 January 1307 - 14 December 1334). - Ludwig of Wittelsbach (c. 1308). Considered to have died young.
Ancestors
External links
- His listing along with his wife in "Medieval lands" by Charles Cawley. The project "involves extracting and analysing detailed information from primary sources, including contemporary chronicles, cartularies, necrologies and testaments."
- A listing of descendants of Otto I, Count of Scheyern, including Henry XIII and his children