Stridentism
Encyclopedia
Stridentism was an artistic and multidisciplinary avant-garde
movement, founded in Mexico City
by Manuel Maples Arce
at the end of 1921 but formally developed in Xalapa
where all the founders moved after the University of Veracruz granted its support for the movement. Stridentism shares some characteristics with Cubism
, Dadaism, Futurism and Ultraism
, but it developed a specific social dimension, taken from Mexican Revolution
, and a concern for action and its own present.
Stridentists were part of the political avant-garde, faced to the "elitist" modernism of los Contemporáneos
.
out.
1923: Maples Arce and List Arzubide give out the second manifesto, in the city of Puebla.
1924: First Stridentist Expo, at the "Café de nadie", in Mexico City.
1925: The group moves from Mexico City to Xalapa
(recreated in their works as "Estridentópolis"). Third manifesto in the city of Zacatecas.
1926: Fourth and last manifesto in Ciudad Victoria
.
1927: The group separates, for political reasons.
, Germán List Arzubide
, Salvador Gallardo.
Writers/Journalists: Arqueles Vela
, Carlos Noriega Hope
.
Visual artists: Ramón Alva de la Canal
, Leopoldo Méndez, Fermín Revueltas, Lola Cueto
.
Multidisciplinary artists: Germán Cueto
, Luis Quintanilla, Jean Charlot
, Gaston Dinner.
Musicians: Silvestre Revueltas
, Ángel Salas.
Photographers: Edward Weston
, Tina Modotti
.
Avant-garde
Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics....
movement, founded in Mexico City
Mexico City
Mexico City is the Federal District , capital of Mexico and seat of the federal powers of the Mexican Union. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole...
by Manuel Maples Arce
Manuel Maples Arce
Manuel Maples Arce was a Mexican poet, lawyer, diplomat and writer, founder of the Stridentism movement in 1921....
at the end of 1921 but formally developed in Xalapa
Xalapa
Xalapa-Enríquez, commonly Xalapa or Jalapa, is the capital city of the Mexican state of Veracruz and the name of the surrounding municipality. In the year 2005 census the city reported a population of 387,879 and the municipality of which it serves as municipal seat reported a population of...
where all the founders moved after the University of Veracruz granted its support for the movement. Stridentism shares some characteristics with Cubism
Cubism
Cubism was a 20th century avant-garde art movement, pioneered by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, and inspired related movements in music, literature and architecture...
, Dadaism, Futurism and Ultraism
Ultraist movement
The Ultraist movement was a literary movement born in Spain in 1918, with the declared intention of opposing Modernismo, which had dominated Spanish poetry since the end of the 19th century....
, but it developed a specific social dimension, taken from Mexican Revolution
Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution was a major armed struggle that started in 1910, with an uprising led by Francisco I. Madero against longtime autocrat Porfirio Díaz. The Revolution was characterized by several socialist, liberal, anarchist, populist, and agrarianist movements. Over time the Revolution...
, and a concern for action and its own present.
Stridentists were part of the political avant-garde, faced to the "elitist" modernism of los Contemporáneos
Los Contemporáneos
Los Contemporáneos can refer to a Mexican modernist group, active in the late twenties and early thirties, as well as to the literary magazine which served as the group's mouthpiece and artistic vehicle from 1928 to 1931...
.
Chronology
1921: Mexico City, December 31, Manuel Maples Arce gives the first manifestoManifesto
A manifesto is a public declaration of principles and intentions, often political in nature. Manifestos relating to religious belief are generally referred to as creeds. Manifestos may also be life stance-related.-Etymology:...
out.
1923: Maples Arce and List Arzubide give out the second manifesto, in the city of Puebla.
1924: First Stridentist Expo, at the "Café de nadie", in Mexico City.
1925: The group moves from Mexico City to Xalapa
Xalapa
Xalapa-Enríquez, commonly Xalapa or Jalapa, is the capital city of the Mexican state of Veracruz and the name of the surrounding municipality. In the year 2005 census the city reported a population of 387,879 and the municipality of which it serves as municipal seat reported a population of...
(recreated in their works as "Estridentópolis"). Third manifesto in the city of Zacatecas.
1926: Fourth and last manifesto in Ciudad Victoria
Ciudad Victoria
Ciudad Victoria , is the capital city of the Mexican state ofTamaulipas. It is located in the western-central region of the state. Ciudad Victoria is also the municipal seat of the surrounding Victoria Municipality, which covers an area of 1,638 km²...
.
1927: The group separates, for political reasons.
Artists
Poets: Manuel Maples ArceManuel Maples Arce
Manuel Maples Arce was a Mexican poet, lawyer, diplomat and writer, founder of the Stridentism movement in 1921....
, Germán List Arzubide
Germán List Arzubide
Germán List Arzubide was a Mexican poet and revolutionary.Born in Puebla, he was an active participant in the Revolution, fighting alongside Emiliano Zapata as well as extolling him and other revolutionary leaders in his poetry...
, Salvador Gallardo.
Writers/Journalists: Arqueles Vela
Arqueles Vela
Arqueles Vela was a Mexican writer, journalist and teacher, of Guatemalan origin. He was one of the major members of Stridentism movement and author of La señorita Etcétera , one of the earliest avant-garde narrative works.- Poetry and narrative:*El sendero gris y otros poemas inútiles *La...
, Carlos Noriega Hope
Carlos Noriega Hope
Carlos Noriega Hope was a Mexican writer and journalist. Born in Tacubaya, Mexico City, he studied law and became a journalist. In 1919 he traveled to Hollywood to report on the new cinematographic industry...
.
Visual artists: Ramón Alva de la Canal
Ramón Alva de la Canal
Ramón Alva de la Canal was a Mexican painter and illustrator.- Biography :...
, Leopoldo Méndez, Fermín Revueltas, Lola Cueto
Lola Cueto
Dolores, better known as "Lola" Cueto was a Mexican painter, printmaker, puppet designer and puppeteer. She always used the last name of her husband, the painter and sculptor Germán Cueto...
.
Multidisciplinary artists: Germán Cueto
Germán Cueto
Germán Gutiérrez Cueto was a Mexican painter, sculptor, puppet designer and puppeteer. He joined the Academia de Artes in 1968 and belonged to the founding members.- Biography :...
, Luis Quintanilla, Jean Charlot
Jean Charlot
Louis Henri Jean Charlot was a French painter and illustrator, active in Mexico and the United States. Charlot was born in Paris. His father, Henri, owned an import-export business and was a Russian-born émigré, albeit one who supported the Bolshevik cause. His mother Anna was herself an artist...
, Gaston Dinner.
Musicians: Silvestre Revueltas
Silvestre Revueltas
Silvestre Revueltas Sánchez was a Mexican composer of classical music, a violinist and a conductor.-Life:...
, Ángel Salas.
Photographers: Edward Weston
Edward Weston
Edward Henry Weston was a 20th century American photographer. He has been called "one of the most innovative and influential American photographers…" and "one of the masters of 20th century photography." Over the course of his forty-year career Weston photographed an increasingly expansive set of...
, Tina Modotti
Tina Modotti
Tina Modotti was an Italian photographer, model, actress, and revolutionary political activist.- Early life :Modotti was born Assunta Adelaide Luigia Modotti Mondini in Udine, Friuli, Italy...
.