Subimal Mishra
Encyclopedia
Subimal Misra is a Bengali
novelist, short story writer and essayist. He is known as a maverick and audacious experimentalist in contemporary Bengali literature
.
Subimal Misra started his literary career at the end of 1967. From then on, he is writing only in Bengali Little Magazines and has never penned a single word for any commercial magazine. Strong critique of the complacent and decadent bourgeoisie, his writings are starkly political. His use of calligraphy, space and visually expressive letterings gives a new dimension to his writings.
Heavily influenced by Jean Luc Godard, Subimal Misra uses various cinematic techniques, like montage, jump-cut etc., in his literary works.
Subimal Misra currently lives in Shampa Mirza Nagar, Kolkata
. Though he is suffering from serious heart disease, he still writes regularly and keeps himself up-to-date with recent developments in the world literature.
, congratulated and encouraged him to continue writing. After that, he took writing as a serious vocation. During this time, he wrote some of his most acclaimed stories—"Baganer Ghoraanim-er Gaachh-e Dekhonchacha Thaakten" (Uncle Seer Used to Live on the Ghoraanim Tree in the Grove), "Ut" (The Camel), "Chhuri" (The Dagger), "Porijaatok" (Descendant of an Angel) and "Nuye-Guye Dui Bhai" (Nuye and Guye are Two Brothers).
His later short stories include-- "Nangaa Haar Jege Uthchhe" (Naked Bones are Waking Up), "Calcutta Dateline", "Satitwa Ki Raakhbo Aparna?" (Aparna, Should I Keep My Virginity?), "Nikat Probishto Samporkeo Dharankshamotaa" (The Ability to Hold the Closely Penetrated One), "Mati Nore" (The Earth Trembles) and many more. Most of these stories are included in the collection "36 Bachhor-er Rograrogri" (Haggles of the Past 36 Years)
Subimal Misra uses the words "anti-novel" and "anti-story" to differentiate his works from the traditional narrative fictions. His first anti-novel "Aasole Eti Ramayan Chamar-er Golpo Hoye Uthte Paarto" (It could have been Ramayan Chamar's Story), published in 1984, though centred on and around a fictitious character called Ramayan Chamar, is actually the story of creating a story, a metafiction
. This novel, set against the tumultuous political scenario of West Bengal in the 70's, strongly attacks the aimlessness of today's political thoughts and their bigotry.
He wrote two other "Anti-Novels" in this period-- "Rang Jakhon Satarkikaron-er Chihno" (When Colour is the Symbol of Danger), published in 1984 and "Kantha Palak Ora-- Sabkichhui" (The Featherd Neck—Everything), published in 1990. These two, along with "Ramayan Chamar" constitute a trilogy which explores the inevitable decadence of urban middle-class.
His later anti-novels are more cryptic and chaotic in nature. These works include-- "Satya Utpaadito Hay" (Truth Gets Manufactured), "One Pice Father Mother" (A Penny is my Father and Mother), and "Chete-Chushe-Chibiye-Giley" (Lick-Suck-Munch-Gulp).
He has published two books in their manuscript form, reproduced by photocopying -- "Harmormori" (Clatter of Bones) and "Gu-er Pnod Tin Jaygaa-y Laage" (Shitty Bum Touches in Three Places). These two books employ extensive graphical and visual elements in their structures. Language and image are inextricably intermingled here to produce an archetypal and tortuous view of our existence.
He has also written a play-- "Vito Pnatha-r Istoo" (Stew of Brother Goat).
writer, but also the contradiction inherent in it.
In Bengali literature the writers who are considered to be of the same anti-establishment school are the Hungryalists such as Basudeb Dasgupta
, Subhas Ghosh, Malay Roy Choudhury
, and Arunesh Ghosh.In fact, the Hungryalists were the first post-colonial generation to vent their anti-establishment voice of libertad in pre-planned narratives. Though Subimal Misra was never a part of the Hungryalist Movement, there are some common elements (like, anti-establishment and anti-narrative stance) of Hungryalism visible in his works as well.
Along with politics, Sex is an important and recurring subject in Misra's works. Throughout his writings, he tries to reveal the matriarchal past of human society by deconstructing the chauvinistic elements, various forms of sexual dominance and discriminations. Sex, according to him, is a weapon in this consumerist society, at once repressed and liberated. He uses the form of pornography, stressing on the subversive aspects of it, to explore the socio-political forces behind the concepts of sex and sexuality in modern society.
(or, Montage, borrowing the term from film) and cut-ups as writing techniques, Subimal Misra amply uses calligraphy
, innovative letterings and graphics in his writings. Such evocative usage of visuals is a means of provoking and stimulating the readers, and creating new meanings out of those mundane words. Often, in Misra's works, two or more paragraphs are merged together, thereby creating two separate texts running parallel to and colliding with each other.
. Like Burroughs, Misra also uses a technique similar to cut-up. At the same time, he acknowledges the influence of James Joyce
, Jean Paul Sartre, Kathy Acker
, Samuel Beckett
and even, Kurt Vonnegut
on his works. He is also influenced by various filmmakers and their works, most notably, Jean Luc Godard, Andrei Tarkovsky
, Luis Buñuel
and Ritwik Ghatak.
Bengali language
Bengali or Bangla is an eastern Indo-Aryan language. It is native to the region of eastern South Asia known as Bengal, which comprises present day Bangladesh, the Indian state of West Bengal, and parts of the Indian states of Tripura and Assam. It is written with the Bengali script...
novelist, short story writer and essayist. He is known as a maverick and audacious experimentalist in contemporary Bengali literature
Bengali literature
Bengali literature is literary works written in Bengali language particularly from Bangladesh and the Indian provinces of West Bengal and Tripura. The history of Bengali literature traces back hundreds of years while it is impossible to separate the literary trends of the two Bengals during the...
.
Subimal Misra started his literary career at the end of 1967. From then on, he is writing only in Bengali Little Magazines and has never penned a single word for any commercial magazine. Strong critique of the complacent and decadent bourgeoisie, his writings are starkly political. His use of calligraphy, space and visually expressive letterings gives a new dimension to his writings.
Heavily influenced by Jean Luc Godard, Subimal Misra uses various cinematic techniques, like montage, jump-cut etc., in his literary works.
Subimal Misra currently lives in Shampa Mirza Nagar, Kolkata
Kolkata
Kolkata , formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it was the commercial capital of East India...
. Though he is suffering from serious heart disease, he still writes regularly and keeps himself up-to-date with recent developments in the world literature.
Works
To date, Subimal Misra has published over 20 volumes of stories, novels, novellas, non-fictions and plays. Most of these volumes are conceptualized, designed and published by the author himself.Fictions
Subimal Misra's early works, published in various little magazines, instantly attracted the attention of readers and critics alike due to their sheer experimental forms and controversial subjects. One of his early short stories "Haaraan Maajhi-r Bidhabaa Bou-er Maraa baa Sonaa-r Gandhimurti" (The Corpse of Haaraan Maajhi's Widow or the Golden Statue of Gandhi), met with huge critical applause in its first appearance. After the publication of this story, Kamalkumar Majumdar and Amiyabhushan Majumdar, two stalwarts of alternative Bengali literatureBengali literature
Bengali literature is literary works written in Bengali language particularly from Bangladesh and the Indian provinces of West Bengal and Tripura. The history of Bengali literature traces back hundreds of years while it is impossible to separate the literary trends of the two Bengals during the...
, congratulated and encouraged him to continue writing. After that, he took writing as a serious vocation. During this time, he wrote some of his most acclaimed stories—"Baganer Ghoraanim-er Gaachh-e Dekhonchacha Thaakten" (Uncle Seer Used to Live on the Ghoraanim Tree in the Grove), "Ut" (The Camel), "Chhuri" (The Dagger), "Porijaatok" (Descendant of an Angel) and "Nuye-Guye Dui Bhai" (Nuye and Guye are Two Brothers).
His later short stories include-- "Nangaa Haar Jege Uthchhe" (Naked Bones are Waking Up), "Calcutta Dateline", "Satitwa Ki Raakhbo Aparna?" (Aparna, Should I Keep My Virginity?), "Nikat Probishto Samporkeo Dharankshamotaa" (The Ability to Hold the Closely Penetrated One), "Mati Nore" (The Earth Trembles) and many more. Most of these stories are included in the collection "36 Bachhor-er Rograrogri" (Haggles of the Past 36 Years)
Subimal Misra uses the words "anti-novel" and "anti-story" to differentiate his works from the traditional narrative fictions. His first anti-novel "Aasole Eti Ramayan Chamar-er Golpo Hoye Uthte Paarto" (It could have been Ramayan Chamar's Story), published in 1984, though centred on and around a fictitious character called Ramayan Chamar, is actually the story of creating a story, a metafiction
Metafiction
Metafiction, also known as Romantic irony in the context of Romantic works of literature, is a type of fiction that self-consciously addresses the devices of fiction, exposing the fictional illusion...
. This novel, set against the tumultuous political scenario of West Bengal in the 70's, strongly attacks the aimlessness of today's political thoughts and their bigotry.
He wrote two other "Anti-Novels" in this period-- "Rang Jakhon Satarkikaron-er Chihno" (When Colour is the Symbol of Danger), published in 1984 and "Kantha Palak Ora-- Sabkichhui" (The Featherd Neck—Everything), published in 1990. These two, along with "Ramayan Chamar" constitute a trilogy which explores the inevitable decadence of urban middle-class.
His later anti-novels are more cryptic and chaotic in nature. These works include-- "Satya Utpaadito Hay" (Truth Gets Manufactured), "One Pice Father Mother" (A Penny is my Father and Mother), and "Chete-Chushe-Chibiye-Giley" (Lick-Suck-Munch-Gulp).
He has published two books in their manuscript form, reproduced by photocopying -- "Harmormori" (Clatter of Bones) and "Gu-er Pnod Tin Jaygaa-y Laage" (Shitty Bum Touches in Three Places). These two books employ extensive graphical and visual elements in their structures. Language and image are inextricably intermingled here to produce an archetypal and tortuous view of our existence.
He has also written a play-- "Vito Pnatha-r Istoo" (Stew of Brother Goat).
Non-Fictions
Though it is often difficult to demarcate between fiction and non-fiction in Subimal Misra's works, he has published two complete volumes of non-fictions in which he has elaborated on his ideology and stance as a writer. One of these two volumes, "Sun and Murderer", is a collage of his own essays, letters, medical reports and entries from his journal as well as other people's comments on his writings, criticisms and book-reviews. The other collection is titled as "Subimal-er Biruddhe Subimal" (Subimal Against Subimal) which highlights not only his commitment as an anti-establishmentAnti-establishment
An anti-establishment view or belief is one which stands in opposition to the conventional social, political, and economic principles of a society. The term was first used in the modern sense in 1958, by the British magazine New Statesman to refer to its political and social agenda...
writer, but also the contradiction inherent in it.
In Bengali literature the writers who are considered to be of the same anti-establishment school are the Hungryalists such as Basudeb Dasgupta
Basudeb Dasgupta
Basudeb Dasgupta , a Bengali novelist and short-story writer , is considered as one of the most significant avant-gardes and controversial figures in the history of Bengali literature.-Writings:Basudeb's major contribution to Bengali literature spanned from the early 1960s to mid 80's...
, Subhas Ghosh, Malay Roy Choudhury
Malay Roy Choudhury
Malay Roy Choudhury is a Bengali poet and novelist who founded the "Hungryalist Movement" in the 1960s. His literary works have been reviewed by sixty critics in HAOWA 49, a quarterly magazine which devoted its January 2001 special issue to Roy Choudhury's life and works...
, and Arunesh Ghosh.In fact, the Hungryalists were the first post-colonial generation to vent their anti-establishment voice of libertad in pre-planned narratives. Though Subimal Misra was never a part of the Hungryalist Movement, there are some common elements (like, anti-establishment and anti-narrative stance) of Hungryalism visible in his works as well.
Themes
Misra's works are essentially anti-establishment and blasphemous in nature. He questions and thereby disturbs our complacence as readers. According to him, his works remain incomplete without the active participation of his readers. Starting from the titles of his books, he tries to destroy all the traditional and preconceived notions about art and literature. To disavow the concept of establishment and consumerism in art, he himself publishes and distributes his own books.Along with politics, Sex is an important and recurring subject in Misra's works. Throughout his writings, he tries to reveal the matriarchal past of human society by deconstructing the chauvinistic elements, various forms of sexual dominance and discriminations. Sex, according to him, is a weapon in this consumerist society, at once repressed and liberated. He uses the form of pornography, stressing on the subversive aspects of it, to explore the socio-political forces behind the concepts of sex and sexuality in modern society.
Styles
His more recent works are entirely devoid of any narrative. They are, cumulatively, a vast and ingenuous collage of newspaper clippings, essays, and excerpts from his journal and letters. Beyond this apparently chaotic form, there lies a deeper representation of the decadence of human civilisation. According to Subimal Misra, this form is essentially important in today's world because of its inherent ‘plurality’. It opens up a discursive field within the readers’ minds—at once contradictory and concurrent. "One Pice Father Mother" (A Penny is my Father and Mother), and "Chete-Chushe-Chibiye-Giley" (Lick-Suck-Munch-Gulp) are good examples of his extremely anti-narrative stance.Use of Visual Elements in Writing
Apart from collageCollage
A collage is a work of formal art, primarily in the visual arts, made from an assemblage of different forms, thus creating a new whole....
(or, Montage, borrowing the term from film) and cut-ups as writing techniques, Subimal Misra amply uses calligraphy
Calligraphy
Calligraphy is a type of visual art. It is often called the art of fancy lettering . A contemporary definition of calligraphic practice is "the art of giving form to signs in an expressive, harmonious and skillful manner"...
, innovative letterings and graphics in his writings. Such evocative usage of visuals is a means of provoking and stimulating the readers, and creating new meanings out of those mundane words. Often, in Misra's works, two or more paragraphs are merged together, thereby creating two separate texts running parallel to and colliding with each other.
Influence
To some extent, Subimal Misra's works resemble those of William S. BurroughsWilliam S. Burroughs
William Seward Burroughs II was an American novelist, poet, essayist and spoken word performer. A primary figure of the Beat Generation and a major postmodernist author, he is considered to be "one of the most politically trenchant, culturally influential, and innovative artists of the 20th...
. Like Burroughs, Misra also uses a technique similar to cut-up. At the same time, he acknowledges the influence of James Joyce
James Joyce
James Augustine Aloysius Joyce was an Irish novelist and poet, considered to be one of the most influential writers in the modernist avant-garde of the early 20th century...
, Jean Paul Sartre, Kathy Acker
Kathy Acker
Kathy Acker was an American experimental novelist, punk poet, playwright, essayist, postmodernist and sex-positive feminist writer. She was strongly influenced by the Black Mountain School, William S...
, Samuel Beckett
Samuel Beckett
Samuel Barclay Beckett was an Irish avant-garde novelist, playwright, theatre director, and poet. He wrote both in English and French. His work offers a bleak, tragicomic outlook on human nature, often coupled with black comedy and gallows humour.Beckett is widely regarded as among the most...
and even, Kurt Vonnegut
Kurt Vonnegut
Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. was a 20th century American writer. His works such as Cat's Cradle , Slaughterhouse-Five and Breakfast of Champions blend satire, gallows humor and science fiction. He was known for his humanist beliefs and was honorary president of the American Humanist Association.-Early...
on his works. He is also influenced by various filmmakers and their works, most notably, Jean Luc Godard, Andrei Tarkovsky
Andrei Tarkovsky
Andrei Arsenyevich Tarkovsky was a Soviet and Russian filmmaker, writer, film editor, film theorist, theatre and opera director, widely regarded as one of the finest filmmakers of the 20th century....
, Luis Buñuel
Luis Buñuel
Luis Buñuel Portolés was a Spanish-born filmmaker — later a naturalized citizen of Mexico — who worked in Spain, Mexico, France and the US..-Early years:...
and Ritwik Ghatak.
Selected bibliography
- Haaraan Maajhi-r Bidhabaa Bou-er Maraa baa Sonaa-r Gandhimurti (The Corpse of Haaraan Maajhi's Widow or the Golden Statue of Gandhi : An Anthology of Short Stories), 1971
- Nangaa Haar jege Uthchhe (Naked Bones are Waking Up), 1974
- Aasole Eti Ramayan Chamar-er Golpo Hoye Uthte Paarto (It could have been Ramayan Chamar's Story), 1982
- Rang Jakhan Satarkikaran-er Chihno (When Colour is the Symbol of Danger), 1984
- Shreshtha Golpo (Selected Stories), 1989
- Kantha Palak Ora—Sabkichhui (The Feathered Neck—Everything), 1990
- Ei Amader Siki-Lebu Ningraani (This is How We Rinse a Quarter of a Lemon), 1990
- Sun and Murderer, 1996
- Subimal-er Biruddhe Subimal (Subimal Against Subimal), ?
- Anti-Golpo Sangraha (Collected Anti-Stories), 1998
- Anti-Uponyas Sangraha (Collected Anti-Novels), 1999
- One Pice Father Mother (A Penny is My Father and Mother), 2000
- Tamaak-er Bazaar Bonaam Euclid-er Chatushparsha (The Tobacco Market Vs. Euclid's Surroundings), 2002
- Chete-Chushe-Chibiye-Giley (Lick-Suck-Munch-Gulp), 2003
- 36 Bachhor-er Rograrogri (Haggles of the Past 36 Years), 2004
- Kika Cut-Out, 2006
- Gu-er Pnod Tin Jaygaa-y Laage (Shitty Bum Touches in Three Places), 2006–2007
External links
- PEN Recommendation on Collected Anti-Stories by Subimal Misra on PEN American Centre
- Selected Works : Anti-Stories and Anti-Novels on Boipara-r Blogpara
- The Camel by Subimal Misra (Tr. by V Ramaswamy)on Hackwriters.Com
- The Money Tree by Subimal Misra (Tr. by V Ramaswamy)on Hackwriters.Com
- Time, Bad Times by Subimal Misra (Tr. by V Ramaswamy)on Hackwriters.Com
- The Dagger by Subimal Misra (Tr. by V. Ramaswamy)on Hackwriters.Com
- A Bengali Article on Subimal Misra on Parabaas : A Bengali Webzine