Subsidized housing
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Subsidized housing or social housing is government supported accommodation for people with low to moderate incomes. Forms of subsidies include direct housing subsidies, non-profit housing
Non-profit housing
Non-profit housing is housing owned and managed by a private, non-profit group such as a church, an ethnocultural community or by a government. Non-profit housing can use both private funds and government subsidies to support a rent-geared-to-income program for low-income tenants....
, public housing
Public housing
Public housing is a form of housing tenure in which the property is owned by a government authority, which may be central or local. Social housing is an umbrella term referring to rental housing which may be owned and managed by the state, by non-profit organizations, or by a combination of the...
, rent supplements and some forms of co-operative
Housing cooperative
A housing cooperative is a legal entity—usually a corporation—that owns real estate, consisting of one or more residential buildings. Each shareholder in the legal entity is granted the right to occupy one housing unit, sometimes subject to an occupancy agreement, which is similar to a lease. ...
and private sector housing,
Co-operative housing
Co-operative housing is controlled by the members of the co-op, which is run by a board of directors. There is no outside landlord. In most cases, all residents of the co-op become members and agree to follow certain by-laws. Some co-ops are subsidized housing because they get government funding to support a rent-geared-to-income program for low-income residents. There are other co-ops that are market rate and limited equity, these types of cooperatives do not receive government funding and are not subsidized housing. In addition to providing affordable housing, some co-ops serve the needs of specific communities, including seniors, people with disabilities and artists.Examples of co-operative housing include: College Houses, Urban Homesteading Assistance Board (UHAB), and Habitat '67
Habitat '67
Habitat 67, or simply Habitat, is a model community and housing complex in Montreal, Canada designed by Israeli–Canadian architect Moshe Safdie. It was originally conceived as his master's thesis in architecture at McGill University and then built as a pavilion for Expo 67, the World's Fair held...
.
Housing subsidies
Housing subsidies are government funding to aid low income tenants in renting housing. Subsidies are often defined by whether the subsidy is given to the landlord and then criteria are set for the tenants they can lease to or whether the subsidy is given to the tenant, typically as a voucher, and they are allowed to find suitable private housing. The subsidy amount is typically based on the tenant's income, but other formulas have been used.Non-profit housing
Non-profit housing is owned and managed by private non-profit groups such as churches, ethnocultural communities or by governments. Many units are provided by community developmentCommunity development
Community development is a broad term applied to the practices and academic disciplines of civic leaders, activists, involved citizens and professionals to improve various aspects of local communities....
corporations (CDCs). These use private funding and government subsidies to support a rent-geared-towards-income program for low-income tenants.
Public housing
Public housing is real property owned and managed by the government. Tenants must meet specific eligibility requirements.Rent supplements
Rent supplements are subsidies paid by the government to private landlords who accept low-income tenants. The supplements make up the difference between rental "market price" and the amount of rent paid by tenants, for example 30% of the tenants income. These may have the unintended effect of increasing rents at nonsubsidized units, by distorting the local supply and demand.See also
- HLMHLMHLM , French for "housing at moderated rents" or "rent-controlled housing", is a form of subsidised housing in France. There are approximately four million such residences, housing an estimated 12 million people — nearly one-fifth of the population of France...
- National Housing Act (Canada)National Housing Act (Canada)National Housing Act was passed by the Parliament of Canada in 1938 and was intended to promote the construction of new houses, the repair and modernization of existing houses, and the improvement of housing and living conditions. It was later amended in 1985 and 1999....
- Social Housing Services Corporation (SHSC)
- Section 8 (housing)Section 8 (housing)Section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 , as repeatedly amended, authorizes the payment of rental housing assistance to private landlords on behalf of approximately 3.1 million low-income households...
(USA) - Migration of the disadvantaged
- Mitchell-Lama Housing Program (New York)
- Social welfare
- Welfare stateWelfare stateA welfare state is a "concept of government in which the state plays a key role in the protection and promotion of the economic and social well-being of its citizens. It is based on the principles of equality of opportunity, equitable distribution of wealth, and public responsibility for those...
Further reading
- Koebel, C. Theodore, and Bailey, Cara L., "State Policies and Programs to Preserve Federally Assisted Low-Income Housing", in Housing Policy Debate (journal), v.3, issue 4, 1992, Office of Housing Policy Research, Fannie Mae, Washington, D.C.
- Koebel, C. Theodore, "Shelter and Society: Theory, Research, and Policy for Nonprofit Housing", SUNY Press, 1998. ISBN 0791437892
- Minford, PatrickPatrick MinfordProfessor Patrick Minford CBE is a British macroeconomist who is currently Professor of Applied Economics at Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University, a position he has held since 1997...
; Ashton, Paul; Peel, Michael; The Housing Morass: regulation, immobility & unemployment, Institute of Economic Affairs, 1987. - Minford, Patrick; Ashton, Paul; Peel, Michael; The Effects of Housing Distortions on Unemployment, Oxford Economic Papers, New Series, Vol. 40, No. 2 (Jun., 1988), pp. 322–345, Oxford University Press. The authors study the effect of rent subsidies in England on mobility and unemployment.
- UK Housing Review, University of York, England.