Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet
Encyclopedia
Suisun Bay
Suisun Bay is a shallow tidal estuary at in northern California, USA. It lies at the confluence of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers, forming the entrance to the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, an inverted river delta...
(the northern portion of the greater San Francisco Bay estuary). The fleet is within a regulated navigation area that is about 4 1/2 miles and 1/2 mile wide. It begins just north of the Union Pacific Railroad Bridge and runs northeast, parallel to the shoreline {maps.google.com LINK}. Water depths range from about 14 meters (45 feet) at Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW) at the foot of the anchorage, to about 8 meters (26 feet) MLLW at the shallowest berths towards the northern end of the anchorage.
Purpose
The U.S. Maritime AdministrationU.S. Maritime Administration
The United States Maritime Administration is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation that maintains the National Defense Reserve Fleet as a ready source of ships for use during national emergencies, and assists the NDRF in fulfilling its role as the nation's fourth arm of...
(MARAD) maintains a fleet of vessels that serve as a reserve of ships for national defense and national emergency purposes. The reserve fleet program was begun in 1946 at the end of World War II. At its peak in 1950, the program had more than 2,000 ships in lay-up. One of the reserve fleet storage sites is in Suisun Bay, the northern portion of San Francisco Bay. Only 55 vessels currently remain with the Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet.
Environmental issues
The State of California and several environmental groups have raised concerns about the environmental impacts of the fleet. Potential concerns include heavy metals and antifouling agents in the paint that is peeling off of the vessels, as well as PCBs and other hazardous materials that may have been released. Congress responded to these concerns by funding the National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , pronounced , like "noah", is a scientific agency within the United States Department of Commerce focused on the conditions of the oceans and the atmosphere...
(NOAA) to design and implement a study of contaminants in the vicinity of the fleet.
NOAA's DARRP program began work on this project in January 2008. Since then, NOAA's team has assessed existing data from the area to determine data gaps, researched the history and environmental setting of the site, discussed the project with numerous stakeholders, conducted a site visit, and developed and refined and sampling and analysis plan. NOAA deployed bivalve samples in June 2008 and collected sediment and bivalve tissue samples from the area in July 2008. A second field sampling event for additional tissue samples occurred in September. These samples were analyzed and a data report was delivered in early 2009.
Based on these findings, the United States Government has reached an agreement with Arc Ecology, San Francisco BayKeeper, Natural Resources Defense Council, and the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Francisco Bay Region (Regional Board) regarding the maintenance and disposal of obsolete ships owned by the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Maritime Administration (MARAD) at the Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet site, resolving a lawsuit in the Eastern District of California. Under the agreement, MARAD will clean, maintain, and dispose of these ships in a manner that eliminates sources of Bay pollution. The Maritime Administration has already begun removing obsolete ships from Suisun Bay for recycling—4 ships have left since November 2009, and another vessel is scheduled to be removed from the fleet on March 31. A total of 52 obsolete ships remain.
Under the terms of the settlement:
- Hazardous paint debris collected on vessel decks will be removed within 120 days.
- All the obsolete ships currently located at the site will be cleaned of flaking paint within 2 years.
- Twenty-eight ships in the worst condition will be removed for disposal by September 30, 2012.
- Before their removal, these ships will be sent to a local drydock for cleaning (removing marine growth from the underwater hull and removing flaking paint from areas above the water).
- All the obsolete ships currently located at the site will be removed for disposal by September 30, 2017.
- Prior to removal, the ships will be maintained according to locally-approved best management practices, as monitored by the Regional Board.
- The horizontal surfaces of the obsolete ships will be cleaned every 90 days to prevent peeling paint from getting into the water; monthly and quarterly inspections will be conducted; and water runoff samples will be collected regularly.
- No new ships with excess flaking paint will be admitted to the fleet site.
Current Inventory
As of December 31, 2010- SS President
- Sea Shadow (IX-529)Sea Shadow (IX-529)Sea Shadow is an experimental stealth ship built by Lockheed for the United States Navy to determine how a low radar profile might be achieved and to test high stability hull configurations which have been used in oceanographic ships....