Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II
Encyclopedia
Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II was the 19th Sultan of Kedah. He reign from 1710 - 1778 and is widely known as the founder of Alor Setar and many current landmarks in the city are attributed to him.
Alor Setar was founded in 1735 by Sultan Muhammad Jiwa and was the Kedah
’s eighth administrative centre since the establishment of the Kedah Sultanate
in 1136. The earlier administrative centres were located in Kota Bukit Meriam, Kota Sungai Emas, Kota Siputeh, Kota Naga, Kota Sena, Kota Indera Kayangan and Kota Bukit Pinang.
After founding the city, Sultan Muhammad Jiwa went on to build his palace, Istana Kota Setar. The original building was a wooden structure which had undergone demolitions several times due to attacks by the Bugis
(1770) and the Siamese (1821). The current concrete building was completed during the reign of HRH Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Mukarram Shah
.
This palace is also renowned as the Istana Pelamin Palace when the space of the palace was extended to add a pavilion and several rooms when HRH Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah wanted to marry off his five princes and princesses. After 1941, this palace was used as a school and an office for several organizations including the office for the Kedah chapter of St John's Ambulance and the Scout movements
. On 25 July 1983, this palace was declared the Kedah Royal Museum.
Another structure attributed to Sultan Muhammad Jiwa was the Balai Besar (Grand Audience Hall). Initially the function of the building was as the Balai Rong Seri or Balai Penghadapan (audience hall), that was situated at the back area of the Istana Kota Setar complex. The pillars, roofs and floors were made of wood. It still stands to this day
Balai Nobat was also built by Sultan Muhammad Jiwa upon founding of Alor Setar. The 18 metre-tall and 5 metre-wide three-tiered octagonal tower sole purpose is to keep all the royal musical instruments including the serunai (wooden flute), nafiri, gendang (drum) and gong, which is known as nobat
.
Alor Setar was founded in 1735 by Sultan Muhammad Jiwa and was the Kedah
Kedah
Kedah is a state of Malaysia, located in the northwestern part of Peninsular Malaysia. The state covers a total area of over 9,000 km², and it consists of the mainland and Langkawi. The mainland has a relatively flat terrain, which is used to grow rice...
’s eighth administrative centre since the establishment of the Kedah Sultanate
Kedah Sultanate
The Sultanate of Kedah was the earliest sultanate on the Malay Peninsula and one of the oldest Sultanates in the world, founded in year 1136.-Kedah Kingdom:...
in 1136. The earlier administrative centres were located in Kota Bukit Meriam, Kota Sungai Emas, Kota Siputeh, Kota Naga, Kota Sena, Kota Indera Kayangan and Kota Bukit Pinang.
After founding the city, Sultan Muhammad Jiwa went on to build his palace, Istana Kota Setar. The original building was a wooden structure which had undergone demolitions several times due to attacks by the Bugis
Bugis
The Bugis are the most numerous of the three major linguistic and ethnic groups of South Sulawesi, the southwestern province of Sulawesi, Indonesia's third largest island. Although many Bugis live in the large port cities of Makassar and Parepare, the majority are farmers who grow wet rice on the...
(1770) and the Siamese (1821). The current concrete building was completed during the reign of HRH Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Mukarram Shah
Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Mukarram Shah
Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Mukarram Shah was the 23rd Sultan of Kedah. He reigned from 1854 - 1879 and it was during this period that the new Balai Nobat consisting of a five-story building was built. The building was totally built of wood with zinc roofing....
.
This palace is also renowned as the Istana Pelamin Palace when the space of the palace was extended to add a pavilion and several rooms when HRH Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah wanted to marry off his five princes and princesses. After 1941, this palace was used as a school and an office for several organizations including the office for the Kedah chapter of St John's Ambulance and the Scout movements
Persekutuan Pengakap Malaysia
Persekutuan Pengakap Malaysia is an organisation for boys and girls between the ages of 10 and 17, based in Malaysia. Persekutuan Pengakap Malaysia is part of the global Scouting movement and national member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement...
. On 25 July 1983, this palace was declared the Kedah Royal Museum.
Another structure attributed to Sultan Muhammad Jiwa was the Balai Besar (Grand Audience Hall). Initially the function of the building was as the Balai Rong Seri or Balai Penghadapan (audience hall), that was situated at the back area of the Istana Kota Setar complex. The pillars, roofs and floors were made of wood. It still stands to this day
Balai Nobat was also built by Sultan Muhammad Jiwa upon founding of Alor Setar. The 18 metre-tall and 5 metre-wide three-tiered octagonal tower sole purpose is to keep all the royal musical instruments including the serunai (wooden flute), nafiri, gendang (drum) and gong, which is known as nobat
Nobat
Nobat is the newspaper published daily in Gujarati language from Jamnagar, Gujarat, India....
.