Sunpu Domain
Encyclopedia
was a Japanese feudal domain intermittently during the Edo period
. It was centered in Suruga Province
, in what is now the city of Shizuoka
, but at times included Kai
and parts of Tōtōmi Province
s. In 1869 the domain was renamed .
, Sunpu was the capital of the Imagawa clan
. The Imagawa were defeated at the Battle of Okehazama
, and Sunpu was subsequently ruled by Takeda Shingen
, followed by Tokugawa Ieyasu
. However, Toyotomi Hideyoshi
relocated Ieyasu, and installed Nakamura Kazutada to rule Sunpu. After the Toyotomi were defeated in the Battle of Sekigahara
, Tokugawa Ieyasu recovered Sunpu and relocated Nakamura to Yonago
in Hōki Province
, reassigning it to his own retainer, Naitō Nobunari
in 1601. This marked the start of Sunpu Domain.
In April 1606, Ieyasu officially retired from the post of Shogun
, and retired to Sunpu, where he established a secondary court, from which he could influence Shogun Tokugawa Hidetada
from behind the scenes. Naitō was transferred to Nagahama
in Ōmi Province
.
Sunpu Domain was briefly re-established in 1609 for Tokugawa Ieyasu
's tenth son Tokugawa Yorinobu
. It was disbanded in 1619 and reverted to tenryō
status (direct administration by the Shogunate) when Yorinobu moved to Wakayama
to found the Wakayama Domain
.
In 1624, Sunpu Domain was again established, this time for Tokugawa Hidetada
's third son Tokugawa Tadanaga
, with assigned revenues of 500,000 koku
. However, Tadanaga had an extreme enmity against his brother, Shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu
, and a violent disposition. He was removed from office and forced to commit seppuku
in December 1632, after which time Sunpu Domain came under the direct administration of the shogunate. Through the remainder of the Edo period, Sunpu was ruled by the , an official with hatamoto
status, appointed by the Tokugawa shogunate.
During the Meiji Restoration
, the final Tokugawa Shogun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu
resigned his office to Emperor Meiji
and leadership of the Tokugawa clan to Tokugawa Iesato
. In 1868, Iesato was demoted in status to that of an ordinary daimyo
, and assigned the newly-created Shizuoka Domain, which included all of former Sunpu Domain, neighboring Tanaka
and Ōjima Domain
s, and additional lands in Tōtōmi and Mutsu Province
s for a total revenue of 700,000 koku. The territories in Mutsu were exchanged for territories in Mikawa Province
later that year. However, in 1869, the title of daimyo was abolished, and with the abolition of the han system
in 1871, Shizuoka Domain itself was abolished.
The lands of the former Shizuoka Domain now form the western two-thirds of Shizuoka Prefecture
, plus the Chita Peninsula
in Aichi Prefecture
.
Edo period
The , or , is a division of Japanese history which was ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family, running from 1603 to 1868. The political entity of this period was the Tokugawa shogunate....
. It was centered in Suruga Province
Suruga Province
was an old province in the area that is today the central part of Shizuoka prefecture. It was sometimes called . Suruga bordered on Izu, Kai, Sagami, Shinano, and Tōtōmi provinces; and had access to the Pacific Ocean through Suruga Bay.-History:...
, in what is now the city of Shizuoka
Shizuoka, Shizuoka
is the capital city of Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, and the prefecture's second-largest city in terms of both population and area. It became one of Japan's 19 "designated cities" in 2005.-Geography:...
, but at times included Kai
Kai Province
, also known as , is an old province in Japan in the area of Yamanashi Prefecture. It lies in central Honshū, west of Tokyo, in a landlocked mountainous region that includes Mount Fuji along its border with Shizuoka Prefecture....
and parts of Tōtōmi Province
Totomi Province
was a province of Japan in the area of Japan that is today western Shizuoka Prefecture. Tōtōmi bordered on Mikawa, Suruga and Shinano Provinces. Its abbreviated form name was .-History:...
s. In 1869 the domain was renamed .
History
During the Muromachi periodMuromachi period
The is a division of Japanese history running from approximately 1336 to 1573. The period marks the governance of the Muromachi or Ashikaga shogunate, which was officially established in 1338 by the first Muromachi shogun, Ashikaga Takauji, two years after the brief Kemmu restoration of imperial...
, Sunpu was the capital of the Imagawa clan
Imagawa clan
The was a Japanese clan that claimed descent from Emperor Seiwa . It was a branch of the Minamoto clan by the Ashikaga clan.-Origins:Ashikaga Kuniuji, grandson of Ashikaga Yoshiuji, established himself in the 13th century at Imagawa and took its name.Imagawa Norikuni received from his cousin the...
. The Imagawa were defeated at the Battle of Okehazama
Battle of Okehazama
The took place in June 1560. In this battle, Oda Nobunaga defeated Imagawa Yoshimoto and established himself as one of the front-running warlords in the Sengoku period.-Background:...
, and Sunpu was subsequently ruled by Takeda Shingen
Takeda Shingen
, of Kai Province, was a preeminent daimyo in feudal Japan with exceptional military prestige in the late stage of the Sengoku period.-Name:Shingen was called "Tarō" or "Katsuchiyo" during his childhood...
, followed by Tokugawa Ieyasu
Tokugawa Ieyasu
was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan , which ruled from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. Ieyasu seized power in 1600, received appointment as shogun in 1603, abdicated from office in 1605, but...
. However, Toyotomi Hideyoshi
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
was a daimyo warrior, general and politician of the Sengoku period. He unified the political factions of Japan. He succeeded his former liege lord, Oda Nobunaga, and brought an end to the Sengoku period. The period of his rule is often called the Momoyama period, named after Hideyoshi's castle...
relocated Ieyasu, and installed Nakamura Kazutada to rule Sunpu. After the Toyotomi were defeated in the Battle of Sekigahara
Battle of Sekigahara
The , popularly known as the , was a decisive battle on October 21, 1600 which cleared the path to the Shogunate for Tokugawa Ieyasu...
, Tokugawa Ieyasu recovered Sunpu and relocated Nakamura to Yonago
Yonago, Tottori
is a city located in the northwest of Tottori Prefecture, Japan, facing the Sea of Japan, and adjacent to Shimane. It is the prefecture's second largest city after Tottori and therefore a commercial center of the western part of this prefecture....
in Hōki Province
Hoki Province
was an old province of Japan in the area that is today the western part of Tottori Prefecture. It was sometimes called . Hōki bordered on Inaba, Mimasaka, Bitchū, Bingo, and Izumo Provinces....
, reassigning it to his own retainer, Naitō Nobunari
Naito Nobunari
was a Japanese samurai of the Sengoku period through early Edo period, who served the Tokugawa clan; he later became a daimyo.Nobunari is believed to have been the illegitimate son of Matsudaira Hirotada . He was later adopted by Naitō Kiyonaga...
in 1601. This marked the start of Sunpu Domain.
In April 1606, Ieyasu officially retired from the post of Shogun
Shogun
A was one of the hereditary military dictators of Japan from 1192 to 1867. In this period, the shoguns, or their shikken regents , were the de facto rulers of Japan though they were nominally appointed by the emperor...
, and retired to Sunpu, where he established a secondary court, from which he could influence Shogun Tokugawa Hidetada
Tokugawa Hidetada
was the second shogun of the Tokugawa dynasty, who ruled from 1605 until his abdication in 1623. He was the third son of Tokugawa Ieyasu, the first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate.-Early life :...
from behind the scenes. Naitō was transferred to Nagahama
Nagahama, Shiga
is a city located in Shiga Prefecture, Japan on the eastern shore of Lake Biwa. The city center was developed and renamed by Toyotomi Hideyoshi when Hideyoshi moved his center of administration from Odani Castle...
in Ōmi Province
Omi Province
is an old province of Japan, which today comprises Shiga Prefecture. It was one of the provinces that made up the Tōsandō circuit. It is nicknamed as .Lake Biwa, Japan's largest lake, is located at the center of the province...
.
Sunpu Domain was briefly re-established in 1609 for Tokugawa Ieyasu
Tokugawa Ieyasu
was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan , which ruled from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. Ieyasu seized power in 1600, received appointment as shogun in 1603, abdicated from office in 1605, but...
's tenth son Tokugawa Yorinobu
Tokugawa Yorinobu
was a Japanese daimyo of the early Edo period.Born under the name Nagafukumaru, he was the 10th son of Tokugawa Ieyasu, by his concubine Oman-no-kata. On December 8, 1603, Yorinobu received the fief of Mito, then rated at 200,000 koku, as his fief. Mito had formerly belonged to his older brother,...
. It was disbanded in 1619 and reverted to tenryō
Tokugawa shogunate
The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the and the , was a feudal regime of Japan established by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family. This period is known as the Edo period and gets its name from the capital city, Edo, which is now called Tokyo, after the name was...
status (direct administration by the Shogunate) when Yorinobu moved to Wakayama
Wakayama, Wakayama
is the capital city of Wakayama Prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan.-Background:Wakayama occupies 4% of the land area and has 40% of Wakayama prefecture's population. The city was founded on April 1, 1889....
to found the Wakayama Domain
Wakayama Domain
The was a han or Japanese feudal domain in Kii Province , with income of 555,000 koku. The domain was also known as or . The heads of the domain were Kishu-Tokugawa clan, one of Gosanke...
.
In 1624, Sunpu Domain was again established, this time for Tokugawa Hidetada
Tokugawa Hidetada
was the second shogun of the Tokugawa dynasty, who ruled from 1605 until his abdication in 1623. He was the third son of Tokugawa Ieyasu, the first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate.-Early life :...
's third son Tokugawa Tadanaga
Tokugawa Tadanaga
was a Japanese daimyo of the early Edo period. The son of the second shogun Tokugawa Hidetada, his elder brother was the third shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu.- Life :...
, with assigned revenues of 500,000 koku
Koku
The is a Japanese unit of volume, equal to ten cubic shaku. In this definition, 3.5937 koku equal one cubic metre, i.e. 1 koku is approximately 278.3 litres. The koku was originally defined as a quantity of rice, historically defined as enough rice to feed one person for one year...
. However, Tadanaga had an extreme enmity against his brother, Shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu
Tokugawa Iemitsu
Tokugawa Iemitsu was the third shogun of the Tokugawa dynasty. He was the eldest son of Tokugawa Hidetada, and the grandson of Tokugawa Ieyasu. Iemitsu ruled from 1623 to 1651.-Early life :...
, and a violent disposition. He was removed from office and forced to commit seppuku
Seppuku
is a form of Japanese ritual suicide by disembowelment. Seppuku was originally reserved only for samurai. Part of the samurai bushido honor code, seppuku was either used voluntarily by samurai to die with honor rather than fall into the hands of their enemies , or as a form of capital punishment...
in December 1632, after which time Sunpu Domain came under the direct administration of the shogunate. Through the remainder of the Edo period, Sunpu was ruled by the , an official with hatamoto
Hatamoto
A was a samurai in the direct service of the Tokugawa shogunate of feudal Japan. While all three of the shogunates in Japanese history had official retainers, in the two preceding ones, they were referred to as gokenin. However, in the Edo period, hatamoto were the upper vassals of the Tokugawa...
status, appointed by the Tokugawa shogunate.
During the Meiji Restoration
Meiji Restoration
The , also known as the Meiji Ishin, Revolution, Reform or Renewal, was a chain of events that restored imperial rule to Japan in 1868...
, the final Tokugawa Shogun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu
Tokugawa Yoshinobu
was the 15th and last shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan. He was part of a movement which aimed to reform the aging shogunate, but was ultimately unsuccessful...
resigned his office to Emperor Meiji
Emperor Meiji
The or was the 122nd emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, reigning from 3 February 1867 until his death...
and leadership of the Tokugawa clan to Tokugawa Iesato
Tokugawa Iesato
Prince was the first head of the Tokugawa clan after the overthrow of the Tokugawa bakufu, and a figure in Japanese politics during the Meiji, Taishō and early Shōwa period Japan.-Early life:...
. In 1868, Iesato was demoted in status to that of an ordinary daimyo
Daimyo
is a generic term referring to the powerful territorial lords in pre-modern Japan who ruled most of the country from their vast, hereditary land holdings...
, and assigned the newly-created Shizuoka Domain, which included all of former Sunpu Domain, neighboring Tanaka
Tanaka Domain
' was a tozama Japanese feudal domain of the Edo period, located in Suruga Province, centered on what is now Fujieda City, Shizuoka Prefecture...
and Ōjima Domain
Ojima Domain
was a Japanese feudal domain of the Edo period, located in Suruga Province. Ojima was a Fudai domain. It was centered on what is now the Ojima district of Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka.-History:...
s, and additional lands in Tōtōmi and Mutsu Province
Mutsu Province
was an old province of Japan in the area of Fukushima, Miyagi, Iwate and Aomori prefecture and the municipalities of Kazuno and Kosaka in Akita Prefecture...
s for a total revenue of 700,000 koku. The territories in Mutsu were exchanged for territories in Mikawa Province
Mikawa Province
is an old province in the area that today forms the eastern half of Aichi Prefecture. It was sometimes called . Mikawa bordered on Owari, Mino, Shinano, and Tōtōmi Provinces....
later that year. However, in 1869, the title of daimyo was abolished, and with the abolition of the han system
Abolition of the han system
The was an act, in 1871, of the new Meiji government of the Empire of Japan to replace the traditional feudal domain system and to introduce centralized government authority . This process marked the culmination of the Meiji Restoration in that all daimyo were required to return their authority...
in 1871, Shizuoka Domain itself was abolished.
The lands of the former Shizuoka Domain now form the western two-thirds of Shizuoka Prefecture
Shizuoka Prefecture
is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region on Honshu island. The capital is the city of Shizuoka.- History :Shizuoka prefecture was formed from the former Tōtōmi, Suruga and Izu provinces.The area was the home of the first Tokugawa Shogun...
, plus the Chita Peninsula
Chita Peninsula
Chita Peninsula is a peninsula to the south of Aichi Prefecture, central Honshū, Japan. It runs approximately north-south. To the west is Ise Bay, while to the east it encloses Mikawa Bay. It faces the Atsumi Peninsula southeast across Mikawa Bay.-External links:...
in Aichi Prefecture
Aichi Prefecture
is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region. The region of Aichi is also known as the Tōkai region. The capital is Nagoya. It is the focus of the Chūkyō Metropolitan Area.- History :...
.
List of daimyo
- Naitō clanNaito clanThe ' was a Japanese clan which claimed its descent from Fujiwara no Hidesato. The Naitō became daimyo during the Edo period.-References:...
(fudai) 1601–1613
| # | Name | Tenure | Courtesy title | Court Rank | revenues |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1601–1606 | Bizen-no-kami | Lower 5th (従五位下) | 40,000 koku | |
- Tokugawa clanTokugawa clanThe was a powerful daimyo family of Japan. They nominally descended from Emperor Seiwa and were a branch of the Minamoto clan by the Nitta clan. However, the early history of this clan remains a mystery.-History:...
(shimpan) 1609–1871
| Name | Tenure | Courtesy title | Court Rank | revenues | |
| x | tenryō | 1608–1609 | |||
| 1 | 1609–1619 | Dainagon Dainagon was a counselor of the first rank in the Imperial court of Japan. The role dates from the 7th century.This advisory position remained a part of the Imperial court from the 8th century until the Meiji period in the 19th century.... |
2nd (従二位) | 500,000 koku | |
| x | tenryō | 1619–1625 | |||
| 1 | 1625–1634 | Dainagon Dainagon was a counselor of the first rank in the Imperial court of Japan. The role dates from the 7th century.This advisory position remained a part of the Imperial court from the 8th century until the Meiji period in the 19th century.... |
2nd (従二位) | 500,000 koku | |
| x | tenryō | 1634–1869 | |||
| 1 | 1869–1871 | Sangi | 1st (従一位) | 700,000 koku | |