Surandai
Encyclopedia
Surandai is a panchayat town in Tirunelveli district
in the India
n state
of Tamil Nadu
.
A fast growing town in Tirunelveli district, Surandai serves as a centre of trade for several nearby villages.
palayams and was located in the Veerakeralampudur
taluk of Tirunelveli, at the foot of the Western Ghats. Surandai panchayat town comprised main Surandai and KeelaSurandai, Aladipatti, Bangalow Surandai and some of Ammayapuram.
during the time of troubles that began in 1732, the Marava polygars of the province openly defied the Dalavay’s authority and stopped paying tribute. Polygar Kattari Velladurai was the leader of the defiant polygars from Vadagarai, Nerkattumseval
ruled by Puli Thevar
and Sivagiri
. Surandai was one of the palayams that joined Puli Thevar
’s coalition in 1754-1762 but abandoned the cause before the polygars’ final defeat in 1762. When Kollamkondan
again rebelled in 1764, following the execution of Yusuf Khan for having betrayed the nawab, Surandai was quick to join. Victories over the Anglo-Nawabi forces helped the revolt spread to other polygars. At the end of the First Polygar War in 1799, the polygar of Surandai surrendered one fort and 61 armed men to Major J. Bannerman.
It is situated 12 km away from Tenkasi and 50 km from Tirunelveli, District Head. The nearest railway station is Tenkasi and the nearest airport is Madurai, 150 km from Surandai. Surandai panchayat town comprised Surandai and KeelaSurandai, Aladipatti, Bangalow Surandai and part of Ammayapuram. Surandai, which was once a village with primarily agricultural activities has today grown into a bustling centre for trade and business.
, Surandai Panchayat had a population of 78,135. Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Surandai has an average literacy rate of 65%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 73%, and female literacy is 57%. In Surandai, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Surandai Nadar sangam is one good social community association in this area as they are settled as merchant community at Paavoorchathram, Surandai, Aavudayanoor, parts of Kadayam and some villages around Tenkasi
Near surandai, Edairthavanai village is famous for milk and milk products.
The Main business in this village is Beedi manufacturing and agriculture.
Tirunelveli District
Tirunelveli District is a district of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. The city of Tirunelveli is the district headquarters. A unique feature of this district is that it encompasses all five geographical traditions of Tamil Literature; kurinji , mullai , marudham , neithal and palai...
in the India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
n state
States and territories of India
India is a federal union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories. The states and territories are further subdivided into districts and so on.-List of states and territories:...
of Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu is one of the 28 states of India. Its capital and largest city is Chennai. Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian Peninsula and is bordered by the union territory of Pondicherry, and the states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh...
.
A fast growing town in Tirunelveli district, Surandai serves as a centre of trade for several nearby villages.
History
Surandai was one of the 72 MaravarMaravar
Maravar are a Tamil community of the state of Tamil Nadu, southern India, and are one of the three branches of the Mukkulathor confederacy.Maravars are found predominantly in the Southern districts of Tamilnadu viz., Madurai, Theni, Sivagangai, Ramanathapuram, Dindigul, Virudhunagar, Thirunelveli,...
palayams and was located in the Veerakeralampudur
Veerakeralampudur
Veerakeralampudur is a taluk in Tirunelveli district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.- Agriculture :Agriculture is the main occupation. Most of the people work in farm fields and rolling Beedi.The main crops are paddy, onion, tomato, brinjal, tamarind, green chili, red chili, coconut.It is also...
taluk of Tirunelveli, at the foot of the Western Ghats. Surandai panchayat town comprised main Surandai and KeelaSurandai, Aladipatti, Bangalow Surandai and some of Ammayapuram.
Polygar rule and the Revolts
As the Dalavay Mudali, the governor of Tirunelveli, became increasingly independent of MaduraiMadurai
Madurai is the third largest city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. It served as the capital city of the Pandyan Kingdom. It is the administrative headquarters of Madurai District and is famous for its temples built by Pandyan and...
during the time of troubles that began in 1732, the Marava polygars of the province openly defied the Dalavay’s authority and stopped paying tribute. Polygar Kattari Velladurai was the leader of the defiant polygars from Vadagarai, Nerkattumseval
Nerkattumseval
Nerkattumseval is traditionally recognized as one of the 72 palaiyams of Madura, already in existence in the days of Nagama Nayaka and his son Visvanatha Nayaka. It falls under the Sivagiri Taluk in Tirunelveli District of TamilNadu...
ruled by Puli Thevar
Puli Thevar
Puli Thevar was a poligar who ruled Nerkattumseval situated in the Sankarankoil taluk of Tamil Nadu. Puli Thevar who belongs to the warrior Maravar community was one of the earliest Indian Kings to have fought and defeated the British in India.-History:He is one of the earliest opponents of the...
and Sivagiri
Sivagiri
Jawaharlal Nehru"I am happy and privileged to come here and pay my tribute to a great man whose message is as vital and essential today as it was when he gave it"...
. Surandai was one of the palayams that joined Puli Thevar
Puli Thevar
Puli Thevar was a poligar who ruled Nerkattumseval situated in the Sankarankoil taluk of Tamil Nadu. Puli Thevar who belongs to the warrior Maravar community was one of the earliest Indian Kings to have fought and defeated the British in India.-History:He is one of the earliest opponents of the...
’s coalition in 1754-1762 but abandoned the cause before the polygars’ final defeat in 1762. When Kollamkondan
Kollamkondan
Kollamkondan was a territory in the former Tirunelveli province of Madurai Nayak Dynasty ruled by Polygar. Post Independence of India it split into as 2 villages Ayan Kollan Kondan and Zamin Kollan Kondan and come under Virudhunagar District in the southern Indian State of TamilNadu in...
again rebelled in 1764, following the execution of Yusuf Khan for having betrayed the nawab, Surandai was quick to join. Victories over the Anglo-Nawabi forces helped the revolt spread to other polygars. At the end of the First Polygar War in 1799, the polygar of Surandai surrendered one fort and 61 armed men to Major J. Bannerman.
Zamindari
The palaiyam survived into the 19th century as a zamindari; at the time of the permanent settlement of 1802, Polygar Sulava Tevar held seven villages. In 1879, the zamindari had an area of 1.34 sq. miles, and a population of 2,580; it was bought by Uthumalai and annexed to that estate in 1874.Post Independence
Surandai post independence has grown as a commercial town . There are more Hindus (nearly 6500 family) and Christians are less(nearly 300 family) population in surandaiGeography
Surandai is located at 8.97°N 77.4°E. It has an average elevation of 132 metres (433 feet).It is situated 12 km away from Tenkasi and 50 km from Tirunelveli, District Head. The nearest railway station is Tenkasi and the nearest airport is Madurai, 150 km from Surandai. Surandai panchayat town comprised Surandai and KeelaSurandai, Aladipatti, Bangalow Surandai and part of Ammayapuram. Surandai, which was once a village with primarily agricultural activities has today grown into a bustling centre for trade and business.
Demographics
India censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
, Surandai Panchayat had a population of 78,135. Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Surandai has an average literacy rate of 65%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 73%, and female literacy is 57%. In Surandai, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Surandai Nadar sangam is one good social community association in this area as they are settled as merchant community at Paavoorchathram, Surandai, Aavudayanoor, parts of Kadayam and some villages around Tenkasi
Near surandai, Edairthavanai village is famous for milk and milk products.
External links
- http://www.Surandai.com
The Main business in this village is Beedi manufacturing and agriculture.