Svobodny (launch site)
Encyclopedia
Svobodny was a Russia
n rocket
launch site used since 1996 and located at 51 degrees north in the Amur Oblast
. Originally constructed as a launch site for intercontinental ballistic missiles called Svobodny-18, it was planned as a replacement for Baikonur Cosmodrome
, which became a foreign territory after the dissolution of the Soviet Union
, but the development was not finished because of financial difficulties. and the construction of a totally new space port
.
The final choice for the location of the cosmodrome fell on a military facility near the railway station of Ledianaja, used for several decades by the 27th rocket division of Strategic Rocket Forces
Svobodny was a Russia
n rocket
launch site used since 1996 and located at 51 degrees north in the Amur Oblast
. Originally constructed as a launch site for intercontinental ballistic missiles called Svobodny-18, it was planned as a replacement for Baikonur Cosmodrome
, which became a foreign territory after the dissolution of the Soviet Union
, but the development was not finished because of financial difficulties. and the construction of a totally new space port
.
The final choice for the location of the cosmodrome fell on a military facility near the railway station of Ledianaja, used for several decades by the 27th rocket division of Strategic Rocket Forces
Svobodny was a Russia
n rocket
launch site used since 1996 and located at 51 degrees north in the Amur Oblast
. Originally constructed as a launch site for intercontinental ballistic missiles called Svobodny-18, it was planned as a replacement for Baikonur Cosmodrome
, which became a foreign territory after the dissolution of the Soviet Union
, but the development was not finished because of financial difficulties. and the construction of a totally new space port
.
The final choice for the location of the cosmodrome fell on a military facility near the railway station of Ledianaja, used for several decades by the 27th rocket division of Strategic Rocket Forces In the summer of 1994 President Yeltsin visited the town of Blagoveshensk and the modification of the launch pads in the site began shortly after.. On March 1, 1996 the Russian President issued a decree formally declaring the site as a Cosmodrome.Russian space chronology- from Yuri Gagarin to the international space station
Since 1997 rockets have been launched off launchers of the Start-1
type. Certain launch sites can be modified for rockets of the Rockot
(SS-19 based) class. Only five launches have taken place at the underused Svobodny site. In 2005, after the lease renewal of the Baikonur Cosmodrome, the Russian Space Agency decided it did not require a second space launch complex, and in February 2007 President Vladimir Putin
ordered Svobodny closed.
However, the complex launched the Israel
i Eros B Satellite on April 25, 2006 aboard a Start class rocket.
In February 2007, a presidential decree formalized the closure of the launch facility in Svobodny. According to the Russian press, in the previous three years, government investments in Svobodny reached 350 million rubles.
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n rocket
Rocket
A rocket is a missile, spacecraft, aircraft or other vehicle which obtains thrust from a rocket engine. In all rockets, the exhaust is formed entirely from propellants carried within the rocket before use. Rocket engines work by action and reaction...
launch site used since 1996 and located at 51 degrees north in the Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast is a federal subject of Russia , situated about east of Moscow on the banks of the Amur and Zeya Rivers. It shares its border with the Sakha Republic in the north, Khabarovsk Krai and the Jewish Autonomous Oblast in the east, People's Republic of China in the south, and Zabaykalsky...
. Originally constructed as a launch site for intercontinental ballistic missiles called Svobodny-18, it was planned as a replacement for Baikonur Cosmodrome
Baikonur Cosmodrome
The Baikonur Cosmodrome , also called Tyuratam, is the world's first and largest operational space launch facility. It is located in the desert steppe of Kazakhstan, about east of the Aral Sea, north of the Syr Darya river, near Tyuratam railway station, at 90 meters above sea level...
, which became a foreign territory after the dissolution of the Soviet Union
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
The dissolution of the Soviet Union was the disintegration of the federal political structures and central government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , resulting in the independence of all fifteen republics of the Soviet Union between March 11, 1990 and December 25, 1991...
, but the development was not finished because of financial difficulties. and the construction of a totally new space port
Vostochny Cosmodrome
The Vostochny Cosmodrome is a planned Russian spaceport, to be located at 51 degrees north in the Amur Oblast, in the Russian Far East. It is intended to reduce Russia's dependency on the Baikonur Cosmodrome, which is located in Kazakhstan...
.
The final choice for the location of the cosmodrome fell on a military facility near the railway station of Ledianaja, used for several decades by the 27th rocket division of Strategic Rocket Forces
Svobodny was a Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n rocket
Rocket
A rocket is a missile, spacecraft, aircraft or other vehicle which obtains thrust from a rocket engine. In all rockets, the exhaust is formed entirely from propellants carried within the rocket before use. Rocket engines work by action and reaction...
launch site used since 1996 and located at 51 degrees north in the Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast is a federal subject of Russia , situated about east of Moscow on the banks of the Amur and Zeya Rivers. It shares its border with the Sakha Republic in the north, Khabarovsk Krai and the Jewish Autonomous Oblast in the east, People's Republic of China in the south, and Zabaykalsky...
. Originally constructed as a launch site for intercontinental ballistic missiles called Svobodny-18, it was planned as a replacement for Baikonur Cosmodrome
Baikonur Cosmodrome
The Baikonur Cosmodrome , also called Tyuratam, is the world's first and largest operational space launch facility. It is located in the desert steppe of Kazakhstan, about east of the Aral Sea, north of the Syr Darya river, near Tyuratam railway station, at 90 meters above sea level...
, which became a foreign territory after the dissolution of the Soviet Union
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
The dissolution of the Soviet Union was the disintegration of the federal political structures and central government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , resulting in the independence of all fifteen republics of the Soviet Union between March 11, 1990 and December 25, 1991...
, but the development was not finished because of financial difficulties. and the construction of a totally new space port
Vostochny Cosmodrome
The Vostochny Cosmodrome is a planned Russian spaceport, to be located at 51 degrees north in the Amur Oblast, in the Russian Far East. It is intended to reduce Russia's dependency on the Baikonur Cosmodrome, which is located in Kazakhstan...
.
The final choice for the location of the cosmodrome fell on a military facility near the railway station of Ledianaja, used for several decades by the 27th rocket division of Strategic Rocket Forces
Svobodny was a Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n rocket
Rocket
A rocket is a missile, spacecraft, aircraft or other vehicle which obtains thrust from a rocket engine. In all rockets, the exhaust is formed entirely from propellants carried within the rocket before use. Rocket engines work by action and reaction...
launch site used since 1996 and located at 51 degrees north in the Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast is a federal subject of Russia , situated about east of Moscow on the banks of the Amur and Zeya Rivers. It shares its border with the Sakha Republic in the north, Khabarovsk Krai and the Jewish Autonomous Oblast in the east, People's Republic of China in the south, and Zabaykalsky...
. Originally constructed as a launch site for intercontinental ballistic missiles called Svobodny-18, it was planned as a replacement for Baikonur Cosmodrome
Baikonur Cosmodrome
The Baikonur Cosmodrome , also called Tyuratam, is the world's first and largest operational space launch facility. It is located in the desert steppe of Kazakhstan, about east of the Aral Sea, north of the Syr Darya river, near Tyuratam railway station, at 90 meters above sea level...
, which became a foreign territory after the dissolution of the Soviet Union
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
The dissolution of the Soviet Union was the disintegration of the federal political structures and central government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , resulting in the independence of all fifteen republics of the Soviet Union between March 11, 1990 and December 25, 1991...
, but the development was not finished because of financial difficulties. and the construction of a totally new space port
Vostochny Cosmodrome
The Vostochny Cosmodrome is a planned Russian spaceport, to be located at 51 degrees north in the Amur Oblast, in the Russian Far East. It is intended to reduce Russia's dependency on the Baikonur Cosmodrome, which is located in Kazakhstan...
.
The final choice for the location of the cosmodrome fell on a military facility near the railway station of Ledianaja, used for several decades by the 27th rocket division of Strategic Rocket Forces In the summer of 1994 President Yeltsin visited the town of Blagoveshensk and the modification of the launch pads in the site began shortly after.. On March 1, 1996 the Russian President issued a decree formally declaring the site as a Cosmodrome.Russian space chronology- from Yuri Gagarin to the international space station
Since 1997 rockets have been launched off launchers of the Start-1
START-1
Start-1 is a Russian satellite launch vehicle based on the RT-2PM Topol, a Soviet intercontinental ballistic missile developed by Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology.- History :...
type. Certain launch sites can be modified for rockets of the Rockot
Rockot
The Rokot , also transliterated as a the pun Rockot, is a Russian space launch vehicle that can launch a payload of 1,950 kilograms into a 200 kilometre high Earth orbit with 63° inclination. It is a derivative of the UR-100N intercontinental ballistic missile , supplied and operated by Eurockot...
(SS-19 based) class. Only five launches have taken place at the underused Svobodny site. In 2005, after the lease renewal of the Baikonur Cosmodrome, the Russian Space Agency decided it did not require a second space launch complex, and in February 2007 President Vladimir Putin
Vladimir Putin
Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin served as the second President of the Russian Federation and is the current Prime Minister of Russia, as well as chairman of United Russia and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union of Russia and Belarus. He became acting President on 31 December 1999, when...
ordered Svobodny closed.
However, the complex launched the Israel
Israel
The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
i Eros B Satellite on April 25, 2006 aboard a Start class rocket.
In February 2007, a presidential decree formalized the closure of the launch facility in Svobodny. According to the Russian press, in the previous three years, government investments in Svobodny reached 350 million rubles.