Synchronous learning refers to a group of people learning the same things at the same time in the same place. This is the type of pedagogy practiced in most schools and undergraduate programs, but not in graduate

Graduate school

A graduate school is a school that awards advanced academic degrees with the general requirement that students must have earned a previous undergraduate degree...

programs. Lecture is an example of synchronous learning in a face-to-face environment and with the advent of web conferencing tools, people can learn at the same time in different places as well. For example, use of instant messaging or live chat, webinars and video conferencing allow for students and teachers to collaborate and learn in real time.

Resources

http://technologysource.org/article/distance_learning_and_synchronous_interaction/ Foreman, Joel. Distance Learning and Synchronous Interaction. The Technology Source Archives at the University of Carolina, July/August, 2003.

http://www.educause.edu/EDUCAUSE+Quarterly/EDUCAUSEQuarterlyMagazineVolum/AsynchronousandSynchronousELea/163445
http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/EQM0848.pdf Asynchronous and Synchronous E-Learning. EDUCAUSE Quarterly: Volume 31, Number 4, 2008 and

http://www.ncolr.org/jiol/issues/PDF/6.3.6.pdf Park, Yun Jeong and Bonk, Curtis J. 245 Synchronous Learning Experiences: Distance and Residential.... Volume 6, Number 3, Winter 2007