TW 6000
Encyclopedia
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| Gauge | 1435 mm |
| Designed by | Herbert Lindinger Herbert Lindinger Herbert Lindinger is a German industrial designer. He is known for designing several train and trams, such as TW 6000 in Germany. The logo of the University of Hannover was designed by him.-References:... |
| Number built | 260 |
| Built from | 1974 - 1993 |
| Axle formula | B'2'2'B' |
| Maximum power | 2x 218 kW |
| Length | 28,280 mm |
| Width | 2,400 mm |
| Maximum speed | 80 km/h |
| Passenger capacity | 46 seats 104 standing |
| Couplers | Scharfenberg |
| Manufacturers | Düwag (6001-6100), LHB Alstom Alstom is a large multinational conglomerate which holds interests in the power generation and transport markets. According to the company website, in the years 2010-2011 Alstom had annual sales of over €20.9 billion, and employed more than 85,000 people in 70 countries. Alstom's headquarters are... (6101-6260), AEG AEG Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft was a German producer of electrical equipment founded in 1883 by Emil Rathenau.... , Siemens Siemens AG Siemens AG is a German multinational conglomerate company headquartered in Munich, Germany. It is the largest Europe-based electronics and electrical engineering company.... , Kiepe |
The TW 6000 is a type of articulated light rail
Light rail
Light rail or light rail transit is a form of urban rail public transportation that generally has a lower capacity and lower speed than heavy rail and metro systems, but higher capacity and higher speed than traditional street-running tram systems...
vehicle used on the Hanover Stadtbahn
Hanover Stadtbahn
The Hanover Stadtbahn is a Stadtbahn light rail system in the city of Hanover, Germany that opened in September 1975, gradually replacing the city's tramway network over the course of the following 25 years. As of 2005, it transports 115 million passengers per year...
system, originally manufactured by Düwag, AEG
AEG
Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft was a German producer of electrical equipment founded in 1883 by Emil Rathenau....
, Kiepe and Siemens
Siemens AG
Siemens AG is a German multinational conglomerate company headquartered in Munich, Germany. It is the largest Europe-based electronics and electrical engineering company....
, the later batches being built by LHB
Alstom
Alstom is a large multinational conglomerate which holds interests in the power generation and transport markets. According to the company website, in the years 2010-2011 Alstom had annual sales of over €20.9 billion, and employed more than 85,000 people in 70 countries. Alstom's headquarters are...
(now part of Alstom
Alstom
Alstom is a large multinational conglomerate which holds interests in the power generation and transport markets. According to the company website, in the years 2010-2011 Alstom had annual sales of over €20.9 billion, and employed more than 85,000 people in 70 countries. Alstom's headquarters are...
).
The vehicle can serve both high platforms and street-level stops; it has cabs at both ends, thus eliminating the need for turning loops.
It was unique in Germany at the time for featuring thyristor
Thyristor
A thyristor is a solid-state semiconductor device with four layers of alternating N and P-type material. They act as bistable switches, conducting when their gate receives a current trigger, and continue to conduct while they are forward biased .Some sources define silicon controlled rectifiers and...
chopper control and a contemporary design by Prof. Herbert Lindinger
Herbert Lindinger
Herbert Lindinger is a German industrial designer. He is known for designing several train and trams, such as TW 6000 in Germany. The logo of the University of Hannover was designed by him.-References:...
.
A total number of 260 were built from 1974 to 1993, of which the first series of 100 was built by Düwag in Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and centre of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region.Düsseldorf is an important international business and financial centre and renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. Located centrally within the European Megalopolis, the...
from 1974 to 1978, whilst the second to eighth series (160 in total) were built by LHB in Salzgitter
Salzgitter
Salzgitter is an independent city in southeast Lower Saxony, Germany, located between Hildesheim and Braunschweig. Together with Wolfsburg and Braunschweig, Salzgitter is one of the seven Oberzentren of Lower Saxony...
from 1979 to 1993. From 2002 on, 82 units were sold to Budapest
Budapest
Budapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...
, Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
and Den Haag, The Netherlands.
Technical parameters
A single unit has a length of 28.28 meters and a width of 2.4 meters, thus significantly increasing capacity compared to its predecessors. Up to 150 passengers can fit into a single car; in normal operations, two cars operate coupled together. The maximum speed is rated at 80 km/h, however it is not possible to sustain this speed on the Hanover network, so the de facto maximum speed is 70 km/h. The two DC motors are rated at 218 kW at 600 V each and can draw a maximum current of 900 A.Cars 6206-6260 are microprocessor controlled, using an Intel 8085
Intel 8085
The Intel 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor introduced by Intel in 1977. It was binary-compatible with the more-famous Intel 8080 but required less supporting hardware, thus allowing simpler and less expensive microcomputer systems to be built....
and GTO thyristors.
Series delivered
The following TW 6000 series were delivered:| Numbers | Delivered from-to | Line | Manufacturers |
| 6001-6100 | 27.12.1974-26.06.1978 | A | DÜWAG/Kiepe/AEG/Siemens |
| 6101-6190 | 19.12.1979-01.06.1983 | B | LHB/Kiepe/AEG/Siemens |
| 6191-6205 | 09.01.1985-13.08.1985 | C-Ost | LHB/Kiepe/AEG/Siemens |
| 6206-6250 | 22.09.1988-10.01.1992 | C-West | LHB/Kiepe/AEG/Siemens |
| 6251-6260 | 08.09.1992-22.01.1993 | C-Nord | LHB/Kiepe/AEG/Siemens |
The lead of the consortium changed over to LHB after the first series due to political lobbying, as subsidies provided by the state of Lower Saxony
Lower Saxony
Lower Saxony is a German state situated in north-western Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen states of Germany...
were spent on the project, LHB (which is based in Salzgitter
Salzgitter
Salzgitter is an independent city in southeast Lower Saxony, Germany, located between Hildesheim and Braunschweig. Together with Wolfsburg and Braunschweig, Salzgitter is one of the seven Oberzentren of Lower Saxony...
) was favoured over the out-of-state Düwag (with their operations in Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and centre of the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region.Düsseldorf is an important international business and financial centre and renowned for its fashion and trade fairs. Located centrally within the European Megalopolis, the...
, North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia is the most populous state of Germany, with four of the country's ten largest cities. The state was formed in 1946 as a merger of the northern Rhineland and Westphalia, both formerly part of Prussia. Its capital is Düsseldorf. The state is currently run by a coalition of the...
).
Cab controls
All TW6000s driven (from the cab, of course) using an integral traction/braking with a deadman's trigger that drivers must depress to mobilise the vehicle, if released while moving, first it (the warning system) beeps, then the track brakeTrack brake
Track brakes are a form of brakes unique to railborne vehicles. The braking force derives from the friction resulting from the application of wood or metal braking shoes directly to the tracks...
s are applied.
Changes in Series 2
- New floors, lacking the Series 1 furrows
- Smaller stop buttons and warning lights, partly retrofit to Series 1 from 3/81 to 5/85, completely retrofit to Series 1 from 10/88 to 11/92
- Destination indicator inside the Stadtbahn vehicle
- Wiper moved to the right
- Automatic adjustment of couplers after decoupling
- Additional brake resistor on the roof
- Preparations to add additional seats at the middle door (was never carried out)
Changes in Series 3
- IBIS equipment delivered ex factory, retrofit to Series 1 and 2 vehicles until 1987
- Mandatory selection of "steps high" and "steps low" setting before doors can be opened, retrofit to all prior vehicles
Changes in Series 4
- Skylight windows on one side only
- GTO chopper control with 8085Intel 8085The Intel 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor introduced by Intel in 1977. It was binary-compatible with the more-famous Intel 8080 but required less supporting hardware, thus allowing simpler and less expensive microcomputer systems to be built....
microprocessor - Fire protection (tested on 6147 from January 1987):
- new sheet metal roof in the passenger compartment
- plastic light covers replaced by steel lamellas
- roof and side handles in joint area replaced with cast plastic handle
- Additional tail lights
Changes in Series 6
- Double doors without handrail in the midsection, new lock mechanism (tested on 6083, partly retrofit to older vehicles)
Houten
Nederlandse Spoorwegen
Nederlandse Spoorwegen , or NS, is the principal passenger railway operator in the Netherlands.Its trains operate over the tracks of the Dutch national railinfrastructure, operated by ProRail, which was split off from NS in 2003...
line in Houten
Houten
Houten is a municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of Utrecht. The expected population in 2015 will be 50,000. The municipality consists of the following towns:* Houten * 't Goy * Schalkwijk...
, The Netherlands, connecting Houten station with the new station Houten Castellum. The service, operated by HTM of The Hague on behalf NS, ran until December 13th, 2008. Both units have been scrapped after this service ended.
The Hague
Eight TW 6000 units were sold to HTMHTM Personenvervoer
HTM Personenvervoer NV is a public transport company in the Netherlands operating trams, lightrail and buses in The Hague, Rijswijk, Leidschendam-Voorburg, Delft, Zoetermeer, Wateringen and Nootdorp, the so-called Conurbation Haaglanden...
, the public transport operator of The Hague
The Hague
The Hague is the capital city of the province of South Holland in the Netherlands. With a population of 500,000 inhabitants , it is the third largest city of the Netherlands, after Amsterdam and Rotterdam...
, where they were in service on line 11 to Scheveningen and were stored at Depot Lijsterbesstraat after ending service with HTM, awaiting there destiny. Meanwhile they have been sold by HTM to BKV in Budapest, the last TW 6000 leaving The Hague on october 7th, 2010.
Budapest
BKV
BKV is the unified public transport company of Budapest, established in 1968...
(Budapesti Közlekedési Rt.), the public transport company of Budapest
Budapest
Budapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...
. They were repainted into an orange livery (earning the nickname "banana" for having arrived green and consumed yellow). They were retrofitted with windows that can slide open in large part to better adjust to hotter continental summers. Their extremely quiet run is well-noted among Budapest residents, used to HEAR older trams, but lack of high-floor station platforms means elderly and moms with kids must climb up and down the TW 6000's doorwell.