Take a Bow
Encyclopedia
"Take a Bow" is a song by American singer-songwriter Madonna
from her 1994 studio album Bedtime Stories
. It has since also appeared on her compilation albums Something to Remember
(1995), GHV2
(2001) and Celebration
(2009). Released as a single
in December 1994, it became her longest-running number-one hit in the United States. Madonna performed "Take a Bow" with Babyface at the 1995 American Music Awards
. It was her first single to reach number-one in the United States
after 1992's "This Used to Be My Playground
" and it was her last number-one song in the United States
in the 1990s
.
chart for a seven-week run, the longest of her career thus far. Co-written by Babyface (who also provides backing vocals), the ballad became the singer's first United States number one in almost three years. Despite its success on the charts, Madonna has never played the song on any tour.
"Take a Bow" was featured in the final episode of the first season of Friends
, "The One Where Rachel Finds Out", when Rachel
goes to the airport to tell Ross
that she knows he is in love with her. "Take a Bow" was also used for promos for the final season of Beverly Hills, 90210
.
in his play As You Like It
, "All the world's a stage, and all the men and women mere players".
chart. It topped the chart for seven weeks and is her longest-running number-one single on this chart. "Take a Bow" became Madonna's fifth number-one single on the Adult Contemporary
chart in the U.S., following "Live to Tell
", "La Isla Bonita
", "Cherish
", and "I'll Remember
". The song is also notable as Madonna's last single (to date) to make the top forty of the U.S. R&B
chart. The single received the remix
treatment from prominent DJ and record producer Steve Hurley. On February 27, 1995, the single was certified gold
by the Recording Industry Association of America
(RIAA) for shipping 500,000 copies.
Although the single was a major hit in the United States, garnering gold accreditation, it became one of only a handful of her releases not to reach the UK top ten and ended a ten-year run of thirty-five consecutive top ten hits. According to The Official Charts Company, "Take a Bow" has sold 102,739 copies in the United Kingdom, as of August 2008. In Canada the song topped the charts, becoming her twelfth number-one single in that country.
(directed by Michael Haussman
) was a lavish period-style piece filmed from November 3–8, 1994 in Ronda
and in the bullring of Antequera
, Spain. The plot sees Madonna as a bullfighter's (played by real-life Spanish bullfighter Emilio Muñoz
) neglected lover, yearning for his presence. Others, however, see it as a statement on classism, as the bullfighter arguably feels threatened and angered by the aristocrat's station, resulting in his physically abusing and then coldly abandoning her. Madonna's 1995 single "You'll See
" is considered a follow up to "Take a Bow" as the singer and Emilio Muñoz reprise their roles in the music video. Madonna requested that Haussman give the video a Spanish theme because, at the time, she was lobbying for the role of Eva Perón
in the film version of Evita
. She subsequently sent a copy of the video to director Alan Parker as a way of "auditioning" for the role. Madonna won Best Female Video
honors at the 1995 MTV Video Music Awards
.
This video was ranked number twenty-seven on VH1
's 50 Sexiest Video Moments.
. In Australia, music video program Video Hits
ran a ticker along the bottom of the screen when the video was playing, stating that the producers of the program did not endorse the glorification of the sport portrayed in the video, while ABC TV video program rage
simply refused to play the video at all during their G-rated Top 50 program.
US single
US/Australia maxi-CD
UK/Australia/Europe CD
Japan remixes
Single
Madonna (entertainer)
Madonna is an American singer-songwriter, actress and entrepreneur. Born in Bay City, Michigan, she moved to New York City in 1977 to pursue a career in modern dance. After performing in the music groups Breakfast Club and Emmy, she released her debut album in 1983...
from her 1994 studio album Bedtime Stories
Bedtime Stories (Madonna album)
Bedtime Stories is the sixth studio album by American singer-songwriter Madonna, released on October 25, 1994 by Maverick Records. Madonna collaborated with Dallas Austin, Babyface, Dave "Jam" Hall and Nellee Hooper, deciding to move into a more R&B direction...
. It has since also appeared on her compilation albums Something to Remember
Something to Remember
Something to Remember is a compilation album by American singer-songwriter Madonna, released on November 7, 1995 by Maverick Records. It came after a controversial period of Madonna in the 1990s and at this time critics had deemed her career over...
(1995), GHV2
GHV2
GHV2 is the second greatest hits compilation album by American singer-songwriter Madonna, released on November 12, 2001, by Maverick Records and distributed by Warner Bros. Records. It contains the most popular songs from the 1990s up until 2001. It is the follow-up to the 1990 release, The...
(2001) and Celebration
Celebration (Madonna album)
Celebration is the third greatest hits album by American singer-songwriter Madonna, and the closing release under her contract with Warner Bros. Records, her record company since 1982. The release follows her two previous greatest hits albums, The Immaculate Collection and GHV2...
(2009). Released as a single
Single (music)
In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a recording of fewer tracks than an LP or a CD. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats. In most cases, the single is a song that is released separately from an album, but it can still appear...
in December 1994, it became her longest-running number-one hit in the United States. Madonna performed "Take a Bow" with Babyface at the 1995 American Music Awards
American Music Awards of 1995
The 22nd Annual American Music Awards were held on January 30, 1995.-Pop/Rock Category:-Soul/R&B Category:-Country Category:-Adult Contemporary Category:-Rap/Hip-Hop Category:-Alternative Category:-Heavy Metal Category:...
. It was her first single to reach number-one in the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
after 1992's "This Used to Be My Playground
This Used to Be My Playground
"This Used to Be My Playground" is a song performed by Madonna. It is the theme for the film A League of Their Own, which starred Madonna as well as Tom Hanks, Geena Davis and Rosie O'Donnell....
" and it was her last number-one song in the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
in the 1990s
1990s
File:1990s decade montage.png|From left, clockwise: The Hubble Space Telescope floats in space after it was taken up in 1990; American F-16s and F-15s fly over burning oil fields and the USA Lexie in Operation Desert Storm, also known as the 1991 Gulf War; The signing of the Oslo Accords on...
.
Song information
"Take a Bow", the second single from the Bedtime Stories album, became Madonna's eleventh number-one single in America, remaining at the summit of the Billboard Hot 100Billboard Hot 100
The Billboard Hot 100 is the United States music industry standard singles popularity chart issued weekly by Billboard magazine. Chart rankings are based on radio play and sales; the tracking-week for sales begins on Monday and ends on Sunday, while the radio play tracking-week runs from Wednesday...
chart for a seven-week run, the longest of her career thus far. Co-written by Babyface (who also provides backing vocals), the ballad became the singer's first United States number one in almost three years. Despite its success on the charts, Madonna has never played the song on any tour.
"Take a Bow" was featured in the final episode of the first season of Friends
Friends
Friends is an American sitcom created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman, which aired on NBC from September 22, 1994 to May 6, 2004. The series revolves around a group of friends in Manhattan. The series was produced by Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions, in association with Warner Bros. Television...
, "The One Where Rachel Finds Out", when Rachel
Rachel Green
Rachel Karen Green is a fictional character on the popular U.S. television sitcom Friends, portrayed by Jennifer Aniston. Aniston received an Emmy Award, a Screen Actors Guild Award, and a Golden Globe for her performances.-Background:...
goes to the airport to tell Ross
Ross Geller
Ross Eustace Geller, Ph.D. is a fictional character on the popular U.S. television series Friends, portrayed by David Schwimmer. The character is noted for his geeky, lovable demeanor.- Origin :...
that she knows he is in love with her. "Take a Bow" was also used for promos for the final season of Beverly Hills, 90210
Beverly Hills, 90210
Beverly Hills, 90210 is an American drama series that originally aired from October 4, 1990 to May 17, 2000 on Fox and was produced by Spelling Television in the United States, and subsequently on various networks around the world. It is the first series in the Beverly Hills, 90210 franchise...
.
Composition
The song contains oriental pentatonics and strings, giving the impression of Chinese or Japanese nights and their opera. Madonna sings the song in the sleepy languid mood that characterises the songs from Bedtime Stories. The chorus expresses the theme of saying goodbye to a lover who had taken her for granted. The title plays upon the verse in the song "all the world is a stage and everyone plays their part," a reference to the line by William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare
William Shakespeare was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon"...
in his play As You Like It
As You Like It
As You Like It is a pastoral comedy by William Shakespeare believed to have been written in 1599 or early 1600 and first published in the folio of 1623. The play's first performance is uncertain, though a performance at Wilton House in 1603 has been suggested as a possibility...
, "All the world's a stage, and all the men and women mere players".
Chart performance
"Take a Bow" was a huge success for Madonna on the Billboard Hot 100Billboard Hot 100
The Billboard Hot 100 is the United States music industry standard singles popularity chart issued weekly by Billboard magazine. Chart rankings are based on radio play and sales; the tracking-week for sales begins on Monday and ends on Sunday, while the radio play tracking-week runs from Wednesday...
chart. It topped the chart for seven weeks and is her longest-running number-one single on this chart. "Take a Bow" became Madonna's fifth number-one single on the Adult Contemporary
Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks
The Adult Contemporary chart is a weekly chart published in Billboard magazine that lists the most popular songs on adult contemporary and "lite-pop" radio stations in the United States...
chart in the U.S., following "Live to Tell
Live to Tell
"Live to Tell" is a pop ballad by American singer-songwriter Madonna. Originally written by Patrick Leonard for the soundtrack of the film Fire with Fire, the song was shown to Madonna, who decided to use it for then-husband Sean Penn's film At Close Range...
", "La Isla Bonita
La Isla Bonita
"La Isla Bonita" is a song by American singer-songwriter Madonna. It was released as the fifth and final single from her third studio album, True Blue, on February 25, 1987, by Sire Records. Originally written as a lament, the song was first offered to Michael Jackson before Madonna accepted it...
", "Cherish
Cherish (Madonna song)
"Cherish" is a song by American singer-songwriter Madonna. It was released as the third single from her fourth studio album Like a Prayer on August 1, 1989, by Sire Records. The song was also included on the 1990 compilation album The Immaculate Collection and the two-disc edition of her 2009...
", and "I'll Remember
I'll Remember
"I'll Remember" is a song by American recording artist Madonna. It was released on March 8, 1994, by Warner Bros. Records as the soundtrack single of the film With Honors...
". The song is also notable as Madonna's last single (to date) to make the top forty of the U.S. R&B
Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs
Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, is a chart released weekly by Billboard in the United States.The chart, initiated in 1942, is used to track the success of popular music songs in urban, or primarily African American, venues. Dominated over the years at various times by jazz, rhythm and blues, doo-wop, soul,...
chart. The single received the remix
Remix
A remix is an alternative version of a recorded song, made from an original version. This term is also used for any alterations of media other than song ....
treatment from prominent DJ and record producer Steve Hurley. On February 27, 1995, the single was certified gold
RIAA certification
In the United States, the Recording Industry Association of America awards certification based on the number of albums and singles sold through retail and other ancillary markets. Other countries have similar awards...
by the Recording Industry Association of America
Recording Industry Association of America
The Recording Industry Association of America is a trade organization that represents the recording industry distributors in the United States...
(RIAA) for shipping 500,000 copies.
Although the single was a major hit in the United States, garnering gold accreditation, it became one of only a handful of her releases not to reach the UK top ten and ended a ten-year run of thirty-five consecutive top ten hits. According to The Official Charts Company, "Take a Bow" has sold 102,739 copies in the United Kingdom, as of August 2008. In Canada the song topped the charts, becoming her twelfth number-one single in that country.
Music video
The music videoMusic video
A music video or song video is a short film integrating a song and imagery, produced for promotional or artistic purposes. Modern music videos are primarily made and used as a marketing device intended to promote the sale of music recordings...
(directed by Michael Haussman
Michael Haussman
Michael Haussman is an American music video, motion picture and television advertisement director, writer and producer.Michael Haussman is a director, writer and artist, whose internationally acclaimed commercials have won numerous awards and are featured in advertising books and trade journals...
) was a lavish period-style piece filmed from November 3–8, 1994 in Ronda
Ronda
Ronda is a city in Spanish province of Málaga. It is located about West from the city of Málaga, within the autonomous community of Andalusia. Its population is approximately 35,000 inhabitants.-History:...
and in the bullring of Antequera
Antequera
Antequera is a city and municipality in the province of Málaga, part of the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia. It is known as "the heart of Andalusia" because of its central location among Málaga, Granada, Córdoba, and Seville...
, Spain. The plot sees Madonna as a bullfighter's (played by real-life Spanish bullfighter Emilio Muñoz
Emilio Muñoz
Emilio Muñoz is a Spanish film and video actor; and bullfighter.-Acting:Muñoz has appeared in two Madonna music videos, Take a Bow and its sequel, You'll See ....
) neglected lover, yearning for his presence. Others, however, see it as a statement on classism, as the bullfighter arguably feels threatened and angered by the aristocrat's station, resulting in his physically abusing and then coldly abandoning her. Madonna's 1995 single "You'll See
You'll See
"You'll See" is a song by American singer-songwriter Madonna from her ballads compilation Something to Remember . The album was released with the intention of tone down the image of Madonna, who was being heavily criticized at the time. The singer decided to work with producer David Foster, who...
" is considered a follow up to "Take a Bow" as the singer and Emilio Muñoz reprise their roles in the music video. Madonna requested that Haussman give the video a Spanish theme because, at the time, she was lobbying for the role of Eva Perón
Eva Perón
María Eva Duarte de Perón was the second wife of President Juan Perón and served as the First Lady of Argentina from 1946 until her death in 1952. She is often referred to as simply Eva Perón, or by the affectionate Spanish language diminutive Evita.She was born in the village of Los Toldos in...
in the film version of Evita
Evita (film)
Evita is the 1996 film adaptation of Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical of the same name based on the life of Eva Perón. It was directed by Alan Parker and written by Parker and Oliver Stone. It starred Madonna, Antonio Banderas, and Jonathan Pryce...
. She subsequently sent a copy of the video to director Alan Parker as a way of "auditioning" for the role. Madonna won Best Female Video
MTV Video Music Award for Best Female Video
The MTV Video Music Award for Best Female Video is one of the original general awards that has been handed out every year since the first annual MTV Video Music Awards in 1984. In 2007, however, the award was briefly renamed Female Artist of the Year, and it awarded the artist's whole body of work...
honors at the 1995 MTV Video Music Awards
1995 MTV Video Music Awards
The 1995 MTV Video Music Awards aired live on September 7, 1995, honoring the best music videos from June 16, 1994, to June 15, 1995. The show was hosted by Dennis Miller at Radio City Music Hall in New York City. David Sandlin was commissioned to design the program catalogue.TLC and Weezer were...
.
This video was ranked number twenty-seven on VH1
VH1
VH1 or Vh1 is an American cable television network based in New York City. Launched on January 1, 1985 in the old space of Turner Broadcasting's short-lived Cable Music Channel, the original purpose of the channel was to build on the success of MTV by playing music videos, but targeting a slightly...
's 50 Sexiest Video Moments.
- Director: Michael Haussman
- Producers: Paul McPadden, Donnie Masters
- Executive producer: Roberto Cecchini
- Director of photography: Harris Savides
- Editor: Robert Duffy at Spot WeldersSpot WeldersSpot Welders is a film and television editorial house. Spot Welders was established in Venice, California in 1993 by editor Robert Duffy and producer David Glean.-Works:...
- Production company: The A+R Group
Critical reception
The video generated some controversy with animal rights activists who accused the singer of glorifying bullfightingBullfighting
Bullfighting is a traditional spectacle of Spain, Portugal, southern France and some Latin American countries , in which one or more bulls are baited in a bullring for sport and entertainment...
. In Australia, music video program Video Hits
Video Hits (Australian TV series)
Video Hits was an Australian music video program that first aired on 15 February 1987. From 7 May 2011 it broadcasted on Network Ten for two hours each Saturday and Sunday morning: 10am – 12pm on Saturdays and 8am – 10am on Sundays. Video Hits was the world's second longest running music show...
ran a ticker along the bottom of the screen when the video was playing, stating that the producers of the program did not endorse the glorification of the sport portrayed in the video, while ABC TV video program rage
Rage (TV program)
Rage is a popular all-night Australian music video program broadcast on ABC1 on Friday nights, Saturday mornings and Saturday nights. It was first screened on the weekend of Friday, 17 April 1987. With Soul Train no longer being produced, it is the oldest music television program currently still...
simply refused to play the video at all during their G-rated Top 50 program.
Track listings
US promo CD- "Take a Bow" (edit) – 4:31
- "Take a Bow" (album version) – 5:21
US single
- "Take a Bow"
- "Take a Bow" (Indasoul Mix) – 4:57
US/Australia maxi-CD
- "Take a Bow" (Indasoul Mix) – 4:57
- "Take a Bow" (Indasoul Instrumental) – 4:56
- "Take a Bow" (album version) – 5:20
- "Take a Bow" (album instrumental) – 5:20
- "Take a Bow" (Silky Soul Mix) – 4:11
UK/Australia/Europe CD
- "Take a Bow" (edit) – 4:25
- "Take a Bow" (album version) – 5:20
- "Take a Bow" (album instrumental) – 5:20
Japan remixes
- "Take a Bow" (Indasoul Mix) – 4:57
- "Take a Bow" (album edit) – 4:31
- "Take a Bow" (Silky Soul Mix) – 4:11
- "Take a Bow" (Indasoul Instrumental) – 4:56
- "Take a Bow" (Silky Soul Instrumental) – 4:11
- "Take a Bow" (album instrumental) – 5:21
- "Bedtime Story" (album edit) – 4:08
- "Bedtime Story" (Junior Wet Dream Mix) – 8:33
Single
- "Take a Bow" (Indasoul Remix) – 4:58
- "Take a Bow" (Indasoul Instrumental) – 4:58
- "Take a Bow" (album version) – 5:21
- "Take a Bow" (instrumental) – 5:21
- "Take a Bow" (Silky Soul Mix) – 4:12
- "Take a Bow" (Silky Soul Instrumental Mix) – 4:20
Charts
| Chart (1994/1995) | Peak position |
|---|---|
| Australia ARIA Singles Chart ARIA Charts The ARIA charts are the main Australian music sales charts, issued weekly by the Australian Recording Industry Association. The charts are a record of the highest selling singles and albums in various genres in Australia. ARIA commenced compiling its own charts in-house from the week ending 26 June... |
15 |
| Ö3 Austria Top 40 Ö3 Austria Top 40 Ö3 Austria Top 40 is the name of the official Austrian singles chart, as well as the radio show which presents it, aired Fridays on Hitradio Ö3. The show presents the Austrian singles, ringtones and downloads chart. It premiered on 26 November 1968 as Disc Parade and was presented by Ernst Grissemann... |
22 |
| Belgian Singles Chart (Flanders) Ultratop 50 Ultratop 50 singles, often just Ultratop 50, is the weekly chart of fifty best-selling singles in Flanders, Belgium, and is produced and published by the Ultratop organization. The chart has existed since March 31, 1995... |
19 |
| Canadian Singles Chart Canadian Singles Chart The Canadian Singles Chart is currently compiled by the U.S.-based music sales tracking company, Nielsen SoundScan . The chart is compiled every Wednesday, and is published by Jam! Canoe on Thursdays.... |
1 |
| Dutch Top 40 Dutch Top 40 The Dutch Top 40 is a weekly music chart, which started as the "Veronica Top 40", because the offshore radio station Radio Veronica was the first to introduce it. It remained "The Veronica Top 40" until 1974, when the station was forced to stop broadcasting... |
34 |
| French SNEP Syndicat National de l'Edition Phonographique The Syndicat national de l'édition phonographique is the inter-professional organization which protects the interests of the French record industry... Singles Chart |
25 |
| German Singles Chart Media Control Charts The official music charts in Germany are gathered and published by the company Media Control GfK International on behalf of Bundesverband Musikindustrie... |
18 |
| Irish Singles Chart Irish Singles Chart The Irish Singles Chart is Ireland's music industry standard singles popularity chart issued weekly by the Irish Recorded Music Association and compiled on behalf of the IRMA by Chart-Track. Chart rankings are based on sales, which are compiled through over-the-counter retail data captured... |
17 |
| Italian Singles Chart | 2 |
| New Zealand RIANZ Recording Industry Association of New Zealand The Recording Industry Association of New Zealand is a non-profit trade association of record producers, distributors and recording artists who sell music in New Zealand... Singles Chart |
9 |
| Norwegian Singles Chart VG-lista VG-listen is a Norwegian record chart. It is weekly presented in the newspaper VG and the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation program Topp 20. It is considered the primary Norwegian record chart, charting albums and singles from countries and continent around the world. The data is collected by... |
13 |
| Swedish Singles Chart Sverigetopplistan Sverigetopplistan, earlier known as Topplistan and Hitlistan and other names, is since October 2007 the Swedish national record chart, based on sales data from Swedish Recording Industry Association .... |
19 |
| Swiss Singles Chart Swiss Music Charts The Swiss Music Charts are Switzerland's main music sales charts. The charts are a record of the highest-selling singles and albums in various genres in Switzerland.The Swiss Charts include:* Singles Top 75... |
8 |
| UK Singles Chart UK Singles Chart The UK Singles Chart is compiled by The Official Charts Company on behalf of the British record-industry. The full chart contains the top selling 200 singles in the United Kingdom based upon combined record sales and download numbers, though some media outlets only list the Top 40 or the Top 75 ... |
16 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 Billboard Hot 100 The Billboard Hot 100 is the United States music industry standard singles popularity chart issued weekly by Billboard magazine. Chart rankings are based on radio play and sales; the tracking-week for sales begins on Monday and ends on Sunday, while the radio play tracking-week runs from Wednesday... |
1 |
| US Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, is a chart released weekly by Billboard in the United States.The chart, initiated in 1942, is used to track the success of popular music songs in urban, or primarily African American, venues. Dominated over the years at various times by jazz, rhythm and blues, doo-wop, soul,... |
40 |
| US Billboard Adult Contemporary Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks The Adult Contemporary chart is a weekly chart published in Billboard magazine that lists the most popular songs on adult contemporary and "lite-pop" radio stations in the United States... |
1 |
Year-end charts
| End of year chart (1995) | Position |
|---|---|
| Canadian RPM Singles Chart | 3 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 8 |
Decade-end charts
| Chart (1990–1999) | Position |
|---|---|
| U.S. Billboard Hot 100 | 24 |
Chart procession and succession
Cover versions
- Serbian pop singer Bebi Dol released Serbian languageSerbian languageSerbian is a form of Serbo-Croatian, a South Slavic language, spoken by Serbs in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia and neighbouring countries....
-cover literally titled Pokloni se, on her 1995 album Ritam srca. - Philippine bossa novaBossa novaBossa nova is a style of Brazilian music. Bossa nova acquired a large following in the 1960s, initially consisting of young musicians and college students...
singer SittiSitti NavarroSitti Katrina Navarro , also known as Sitti, is a Filipino bossa nova singer. After releasing her first album, Café Bossa, in 2006, other bossa nova acts in the Philippines followed. Navarro is also featured in the segment "A.S.A.P. Sessionistas" of the variety show ASAP...
recorded a cover of this song for her second album My Bossa NovaMy Bossa NovaMy Bossa Nova is the second studio album of Philippine bossa nova singer Sitti. Unlike her previous studio album, Café Bossa, this album focused on more recent songs and had very few "traditional" bossa nova songs...
. - Korean rock band JaurimJaurimJaurim is a rock band from Seoul, South Korea. They had performed in the indie scene before 1997, and became major with their first released single 'Hey Hey Hey'...
covered the song on their album "The Youth Admiration". - Trisha YearwoodTrisha YearwoodPatricia Lynn Yearwood, professionally known as Trisha Yearwood , is an American country music artist. She is best known for her ballads about vulnerable young women from a female perspective that have been described by some music critics as "strong" and "confident."Trisha Yearwood signed with MCA...
and Babyface covered the song on CMT "Crossroads" airing September 21, 2007. - Melissa Totten did a Hi-NRGHi-NRGHi-NRG describes a form of high-tempo disco music as well as a genre of electronic dance music originating in the United States during the late 1970s...
cover for her 2008 dance album Forever Madonna.