Talkspurt
Encyclopedia
In digital telephony
, a talkspurt is a continuous segment of speech
between silent
intervals, where only background noise
can be heard. Segmenting speech streams into talkspurts allows bandwidth to be conserved by not sending excess data in silent intervals, and also allows synchronization
, buffering and other parameters of the communications system to be readjusted in the intervals between talkspurts.
The term "talkspurt" is not a recent coinage: it was in use as long ago as 1959, during the development of time-assignment speech interpolation
systems.
The talkspurt/silence distinction is used in a wide variety of digital speech transport systems, including GSM and packetized speech systems such as voice over IP
.
Silence between talkspurts may sometimes be replaced by comfort noise
.
Digital telephony
Digital telephony is the use of digital electronics in the provision of digital telephone services and systems. Since the 1960s a digital core network has almost entirely replaced the old analog system, and much of the access network has also been digitized...
, a talkspurt is a continuous segment of speech
Speech
Speech is the human faculty of speaking.It may also refer to:* Public speaking, the process of speaking to a group of people* Manner of articulation, how the body parts involved in making speech are manipulated...
between silent
Silence
Silence is the relative or total lack of audible sound. By analogy, the word silence may also refer to any absence of communication, even in media other than speech....
intervals, where only background noise
Background noise
In acoustics and specifically in acoustical engineering, background noise or ambient noise is any sound other than the sound being monitored. Background noise is a form of noise pollution or interference. Background noise is an important concept in setting noise regulations...
can be heard. Segmenting speech streams into talkspurts allows bandwidth to be conserved by not sending excess data in silent intervals, and also allows synchronization
Synchronization
Synchronization is timekeeping which requires the coordination of events to operate a system in unison. The familiar conductor of an orchestra serves to keep the orchestra in time....
, buffering and other parameters of the communications system to be readjusted in the intervals between talkspurts.
The term "talkspurt" is not a recent coinage: it was in use as long ago as 1959, during the development of time-assignment speech interpolation
Time-assignment speech interpolation
In telecommunication, a time-assignment speech interpolation was an analog technique used on certain long transmission links to increase voice-transmission capacity....
systems.
The talkspurt/silence distinction is used in a wide variety of digital speech transport systems, including GSM and packetized speech systems such as voice over IP
Voice over IP
Voice over Internet Protocol is a family of technologies, methodologies, communication protocols, and transmission techniques for the delivery of voice communications and multimedia sessions over Internet Protocol networks, such as the Internet...
.
Silence between talkspurts may sometimes be replaced by comfort noise
Comfort noise
Comfort noise is synthetic background noise used in radio and wireless communications to fill the artificial silence in a transmission resulting from voice activity detection or from the audio clarity of modern digital lines....
.
See also
- Voice activity detectionVoice activity detectionVoice activity detection , also known as speech activity detection or speech detection, is a technique used in speech processing in which the presence or absence of human speech is detected.. The main uses of VAD are in speech coding and speech recognition...
- Silence suppressionSilence suppressionThe term silence suppression is used in telephony to describe the process of not transmitting information over the network when one of the parties involved in a telephone call is not speaking, thereby reducing bandwidth usage....
- Discontinuous transmissionDiscontinuous TransmissionDiscontinuous transmission is a means by which a mobile telephone is temporarily shut off or muted while the phone lacks a voice input.-Misconception:...