Temirtau
Encyclopedia
Temirtau is a city in the Karaganda
region of Kazakhstan
. Pop 180,000.
Karaganda
Karagandy , more commonly known by its Russian name Karaganda, , is the capital of Karagandy Province in Kazakhstan. It is the fourth most populous city in Kazakhstan, behind Almaty , Astana and Shymkent, with a population of 471,800 . In the 1940s up to 70% of the city's inhabitants were ethnic...
region of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan , officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world, it is also the world's largest landlocked country; its territory of is greater than Western Europe...
. Pop 180,000.
History
- 1905, June, 15 - the first groups of settlers (see Stolypin reformStolypin reformThe Stolypin agrarian reforms were a series of changes to Imperial Russia's agricultural sector instituted during the tenure of Pyotr Stolypin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers...
) settled down on the left bank of the Nura RiverNura RiverThe Nura River or River Nura is a major watercourse of northeast-central Kazakhstan. It is about long and drains an area of .-Course:...
. There were 40 families, that had arrived from SamaraSamara, RussiaSamara , is the sixth largest city in Russia. It is situated in the southeastern part of European Russia at the confluence of the Volga and Samara Rivers. Samara is the administrative center of Samara Oblast. Population: . The metropolitan area of Samara-Tolyatti-Syzran within Samara Oblast...
. The settlement they founded was named Zhaur (Жаур), after a hill on the other side of the river. - 1909 - the Zhaur settlement was renamed Samarkandsky (Самаркандский, or Samarkand for short).
- 1911 - the first school and the first hospital were built.
- 1933 - the Samarkandsky-Karaganda water conduit was built to facilitate the development of the Karaganda coal field.
- 1939 - a 20x300m dam was erected across the Nura river. Filling of the resulting Samarkand water reservoir was initiated, and continued up to 1961.
- 1942 - the first turbine of the Karaganda State Regional Electric Power Station was started up. The construction of the power plant building was started in 1934
- 1944 - still under construction, the Kazakh Steel Mill yielded its first steel, smelted in an open-hearth (Siemens-Martin) furnace.
- 1945, October, 1 - the Samarkand settlement was granted city status and renamed Temirtau ("Iron Mountain" in Kazakh)
- 1947-1949 - Japanese prisoners-of-war were kept in a camp near the town.
- 1950 - the future Karaganda Steel Mill was founded. To build it the USSR announced a "Nationwide High-Intensive Construction Project", and a lot of youth "shock-worker brigades" were gathered from all parts of the Soviet Union and even from ally countries (mainly from BulgariaBulgariaBulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
). - 1959 - riots and insurrections among workers greatly dissatisfied with the poor working and living conditions and the interruptions in supply of water, food, goods, tools etc - the result of numerous mistakes committed by the administration. Clashes took their toll. Workers: 16 fatalities, 27 wounded, about 70 arrested and convicted. Police: 28 wounded.
- 1960 - blast furnace No. 1 yielded its first cast iron.
- 1963 - the Karaganda Polytechnical Institute (now Karaganda Metallurgical Institute) was founded as a Higher Technical Educational Institution attached to the Karaganda Steel Mill.
- 1970s - a new sports complex was built, including a 50 m swimming pool, a stadium that seats 15,000 and an indoor ice-skating/hockey rink.
- 1972 - the "Metallurgists' Palace of Culture" was opened.
- 1978 - "Vostok" recreational park was laid out in the eastern part of the city and opened to the public.
- 1978, July, 29 - the Warrior Monument with the Eternal Flame was dedicated to the honor of Temirtau soldiers killed in World War II.
- 1984 - a new residential area, "Zenica", was established. It was named so in honour of ZenicaZenicaZenica is an industrial city in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the capital of the Zenica-Doboj Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina entity...
, Temirtau's twin-town in Bosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and Herzegovina , sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost landlocked, except for the...
(former YugoslaviaYugoslaviaYugoslavia refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the Balkans during most of the 20th century....
) - 1993, January - the Winter Garden was opened in "Vostok" Park
- 1995 - the Karaganda Steel Mill was transferred to ISPAT InternationalIspat InternationalIspat International N.V. was a steel producing company with operations in Mexico, Trinidad, Canada, Germany and the United States. The company is specialized in the integrated mini-mill process and has a wide range of flat & long steel products, including slabs & wire rods.Lakshmi Mittal was the...
, renamed Ispat-KarMet and eventually became the present Mittal Steel Temirtau.
Sister cities
- Zenica
ZenicaZenica is an industrial city in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the capital of the Zenica-Doboj Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina entity...
, Bosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and Herzegovina , sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost landlocked, except for the...