Temryuk is the largest town and the administrative center of Temryuksky District

Temryuksky District

Temryuksky District is an administrative and municipal district , one of the thirty-eight in Krasnodar Krai, Russia. Its administrative center is the town of Temryuk. District's population: Population of Temryuk accounts for 32.3% of the district's population....

 of Krasnodar Krai

Krasnodar Krai

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, Russia

Russia

Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...

, located on the Taman peninsula

Taman peninsula

The Taman Peninsula is a peninsula in the present-day Krasnodar Krai of Russia. It is bounded on the north by the Sea of Azov, on the west by the Strait of Kerch and on the south by the Black Sea. The peninsula has evolved over the past two millennia from a chain of islands into the peninsula it is...

 on the right bank of the Kuban River

Kuban River

The Kuban River is a river in Russia, in the North Caucasus region. It flows mostly through Krasnodar Krai but also in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Stavropol Krai and the Republic of Adygea....

 not far from its entry into the Temryuk Bay

Temryuk Bay

The Temryuk Bay is a gulf or bay of the Sea of Azov located on the northern coast of the Taman Peninsula, Krasnodar Krai, Russia. It extends roughly 27 km inland and is 60 km at its widest....

, amid a field of mud volcano

Mud volcano

The term mud volcano or mud dome are used to refer to formations created by geo-excreted liquids and gases, although there are several different processes which may cause such activity. Hot water mixes with mud and surface deposits. Mud volcanoes are associated with subduction zones and about 700...

es. The seaport of Temryuk is situated 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from the town itself. Population: 26,600 (1975).

Situated in the proximity of the site of ancient Tmutarakan

Tmutarakan

Tmutarakan was a Mediaeval Russian principality and trading town that controlled the Cimmerian Bosporus, the passage from the Black Sea to the Sea of Azov. Its site was the ancient Greek colony of Hermonassa . It was situated on the Taman peninsula, in the present-day Krasnodar Krai of Russia,...

, Temryuk was vied by various powers as a vantage point commanding the mouth of the Kuban River. The first recorded settlement on the site was Tumnev, a Tatar fortress, which passed to the Genoese merchants

Ghisolfi

De Ghisolfi was the name of a Genoese-Jewish family prominent in the late Middle Ages and the early Renaissance....

 in the 14th century. It was known as Copa until occupied by the Khanate of Crimea in 1483.

The Russians, allied with a local potentate, Temryuk of Kabarda, captured Tumnev and built a fortress of New Temryuk there. The Crimean Tatars retook the fort in 1570; it was known as Adis for a century to come. In the 18th century the site was settled by the Cossacks, whose stanitsa

Stanitsa

Stanitsa is a village inside a Cossack host . Stanitsas were the primary unit of Cossack hosts.Historically, the stanitsa was a unit of economic and political organisation of the Cossack peoples primarily in the southern regions of the Russian Empire.Much of the land was held in common by the...

was incorporated as a town of Temryuk in 1860.