The National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America
Encyclopedia
The National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America (N'COBRA) is an organization based out of Washington, DC that seeks financial compensation for the descendants of former slaves in the United States.
of an undisclosed amount and say that further study needs to be done to find the exact amount, but estimate that the amount may be approximately $8,000,000,000,000 (eight trillion.) Based on the estimated US population for 2008, this amounts to approximately $205,000 per black citizen in the United States. The group also seeks an apology from the entire white race; even from those considered "white" in the United States today who came over after the slave movement.
Jr. and included the following co-sponsors:
Goals
The group advocates that the US Government, US corporations and individuals who benefited from the labors of former slaves should pay reparationsReparations for slavery
Reparations for slavery is a proposal that some type of compensation should be provided to the descendants of enslaved people in the United States, in consideration of the coerced and uncompensated labor their ancestors performed over several centuries...
of an undisclosed amount and say that further study needs to be done to find the exact amount, but estimate that the amount may be approximately $8,000,000,000,000 (eight trillion.) Based on the estimated US population for 2008, this amounts to approximately $205,000 per black citizen in the United States. The group also seeks an apology from the entire white race; even from those considered "white" in the United States today who came over after the slave movement.
Supporters
The following list of persons spoke at a 2002 rally in Washington DC:- Rev. Louis FarrakhanLouis FarrakhanLouis Farrakhan Muhammad, Sr. is the leader of the African-American religious movement the Nation of Islam . He served as the minister of major mosques in Boston and Harlem, and was appointed by the longtime NOI leader, Elijah Muhammad, before his death in 1975, as the National Representative of...
, Nation of IslamNation of IslamThe Nation of Islam is a mainly African-American new religious movement founded in Detroit, Michigan by Wallace D. Fard Muhammad in July 1930 to improve the spiritual, mental, social, and economic condition of African-Americans in the United States of America. The movement teaches black pride and...
leader - Dr. Imari ObadeleImari ObadeleImari Obadele was a black separatist, advocate for reparations, and president of the Republic of New Afrika....
, founder of NCOBRA - Ms. Dorothy Benton-Lewis and Mr. Jahahara Alkebulan, male and female co-chairs
- Ms. Adjoa Aiyetoro, Co-Chair of the NCOBRA Legal Commission
- Mr. Charles OgletreeCharles OgletreeCharles J. Ogletree is Jesse Climenko Professor at Harvard Law School, the founder of the school's Charles Hamilton Houston Institute for Race and Justice, and the author of numerous books on legal topics....
, Professor of Law at Harvard - Dr. Ron Daniels, founder and CEO of the Institute of the Black World
- Ms. Harriet Frost of the Rosewood Idella Carrier Foundation
- Mr. Gary GrantGary GrantGary Grant is a retired American professional basketball player at the point guard position in the NBA.Gary "The General" Grant played for Canton McKinley High School and collegiately at the University of Michigan....
of the Black Farmers Association - Mr. Hilary Shelton, director of the Washington, DC Branch of the NAACP
- Mr. Damu Smith, director of the National Black Environmental Justice Network
- Mr. Malik Zulu ShabazzMalik Zulu ShabazzMalik Zulu Shabazz is an American attorney and the National Chairman of the New Black Panther Party. He is a frequent guest on television talk shows, such as Face the Nation, Meet the Press, The O'Reilly Factor, and Hannity.-Early life and legal career:Shabazz was born and raised in Los Angeles,...
, of the New Black Panther Party - Mr. Senghor Baye of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA)
- Mr. Omali YeshitelaOmali YeshitelaOmali Yeshitela the founder of the Uhuru Movement a left wing, African Internationalist organization based in St...
of the African People's Socialist PartyAfrican People's Socialist PartyThe African Peoples Socialist Party is a revolutionary organisation whose goal is to improve the living conditions of Black people in the United States and around the world. The Party was formed in May 1972 by the merger of three Black power organisations based in the US states of Florida and...
Legislation
In 2001, N'COBRA supported H.R.40, entitled Commission to Study Reparation Proposals for African-Americans Act. This bill was sponsored by Rep John ConyersJohn Conyers
John Conyers, Jr. is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1965 . He is a member of the Democratic Party...
Jr. and included the following co-sponsors:
- Rep David E. BoniorDavid E. BoniorDavid Edward Bonior is an American politician from the US state of Michigan. First elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1976, Bonior served as Democratic whip in the House from 1991 to 2002, during which time Democrats were in both the majority and minority , making Bonior the third...
MI - Rep Bob BradyBob BradyRobert A. "Bob" Brady is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1998, and the ranking Democrat on the United States House Committee on House Administration since 2007...
PA - Rep Corrine BrownCorrine BrownCorrine Brown is an U.S. Representative for , serving since 1993. She is a member of the Democratic Party.The district includes parts of Duval, Clay, Putnam, Alachua, Volusia, Marion, Lake, Seminole, and Orange Counties....
FL - Rep Julia CarsonJulia CarsonJulia May Carson , born Julia May Porter, was a member of the United States House of Representatives for from 1997 until her death in 2007 . Carson was the first woman and first African American to represent the 7th District...
IN - Rep Elijah CummingsElijah CummingsElijah Eugene Cummings is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1996. He is a member of the Democratic Party. The district includes just over half of Baltimore City, as well as most of Howard County...
MD - Rep Danny K. DavisDanny K. DavisFor other persons named Danny Davis, please see Daniel Davis .Daniel K. Davis is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1997. He is a member of the Democratic Party.-Early life, education and career:...
IL - Rep Cal DooleyCal DooleyCalvin M. "Cal" Dooley , American politician, was a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from 1991 to 2005, representing the 17th and 20th districts of California....
CA - Rep Chaka FattahChaka FattahChaka Fattah is the U.S. representative for , serving since 1995. He is a member of the Democratic Party...
PA - Rep Alcee HastingsAlcee HastingsAlcee Lamar Hastings is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1993. He is a member of the Democratic Party.-Early life, education and career:...
FL - Rep Earl F. HilliardEarl F. HilliardEarl Frederick Hilliard is a politician from the U.S. state of Alabama.Hilliard was born in Birmingham, Alabama, and graduated from Morehouse College. He was elected as a Democrat to the Alabama House of Representatives in 1974 and served from 1975 until 1981 and in the Alabama Senate from 1981...
AL - Rep Jesse Jackson, Jr.Jesse Jackson, Jr.Jesse Louis Jackson, Jr. is the U.S. Representative for , serving since the special election in 1995. He is a member of the Democratic Party....
IL - Rep Sheila Jackson-Lee TX
- Rep William J. JeffersonWilliam J. JeffersonWilliam Jennings "Bill" Jefferson is a former American politician, and a published author from the U.S. state of Louisiana. He served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives for nine terms from 1991 to 2009 as a member of the Democratic Party. He represented , which includes much of the...
LA - Rep Eddie Bernice JohnsonEddie Bernice JohnsonEddie Bernice Johnson is a politician from the state of Texas, currently representing the state's in the United States House of Representatives. She is the first registered nurse elected to the US Congress....
TX - Rep Stephanie Tubbs JonesStephanie Tubbs JonesStephanie "Tubbs" Jones was a Democratic politician and member of the United States House of Representatives. She represented the 11th District of Ohio, which encompasses most of downtown and eastern Cleveland and many of the eastern suburbs in Cuyahoga County, including Euclid, Cleveland Heights,...
OH - Rep Carolyn Cheeks KilpatrickCarolyn Cheeks KilpatrickCarolyn Jean Cheeks Kilpatrick is an American politician who was U.S. Representative for from 1997 to 2011. She is a member of the Democratic Party. In August 2010 she lost the Democratic primary election...
MI - Rep Barbara LeeBarbara LeeBarbara Jean Lee is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1998. She is a member of the Democratic Party. She is the first woman to represent that district. Lee was the Chair of the Congressional Black Caucus and was the Co-Chair of the Congressional Progressive Caucus...
CA - Rep James H. MaloneyJames H. MaloneyJames H. "Jim" Maloney is a former Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Connecticut.Maloney was born in Quincy, Massachusetts. He was a Volunteers in Service to America volunteer from 1969 until 1970. He graduated from Harvard University in 1972 and received a law degree...
CT - Rep Karen McCarthyKaren McCarthyKaren McCarthy was a Missouri politician. She served as the U.S. Representative for the fifth district of Missouri from 1995 to 2005.-Early life:...
MO - Rep Jim McDermottJim McDermottJames Adelbert "Jim" McDermott is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1989. He is a member of the Democratic Party. The 7th District includes most of Seattle and Vashon Island, and portions of Shoreline, Lake Forest Park, Tukwila, SeaTac, and Burien.He serves on the House Ways and Means...
WA - Rep Cynthia McKinneyCynthia McKinneyCynthia Ann McKinney is a former US Congresswoman and a member of the Green Party since 2007. As a member of the Democratic Party, she served six terms as a member of the United States House of Representatives. In 2008, the Green Party nominated McKinney for President of the United States...
GA - Rep Carrie P. MeekCarrie P. MeekCarrie P. Meek is an American politician from the U.S. state of Florida.-Background and early life:Meek, the granddaughter of slaves and daughter of former sharecroppers, was born and raised in segregated Tallahassee, Florida...
FL - Rep Gregory MeeksGregory MeeksGregory Weldon Meeks is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1998. He is a member of the Democratic Party. The district includes most of Southeastern Queens including Jamaica, Laurelton, Rosedale, Saint Albans, Springfield Gardens, and Far Rockaway, as well as John F. Kennedy International...
NY - Rep Juanita Millender-McDonaldJuanita Millender-McDonaldJuanita Millender-McDonald was an American politician who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1996 until her death in 2007, representing California's 37th congressional district, which includes most of South Central Los Angeles and the city of Long Beach, California...
CA - Rep Eleanor Holmes NortonEleanor Holmes NortonEleanor Holmes Norton is a Delegate to Congress representing the District of Columbia. In her position she is able to serve on and vote with committees, as well as speak from the House floor...
DC - Rep John OlverJohn OlverJohn Walter Olver is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1991. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Early in his career, he was a chemistry professor and served in both chambers of the Massachusetts General Court....
MA - Rep Major OwensMajor OwensMajor Robert Odell Owens is a New York politician and a prominent member of the Democratic Party. He is also a former Congressman, having represented the state's 11th Congressional district in the United States House of Representatives. He retired at the end of his term in January 2007 and was...
NY - Rep Charles B. RangelCharles B. RangelCharles Bernard "Charlie" Rangel is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1971. A member of the Democratic Party, he is the third-longest currently serving member of the House of Representatives. As its most senior member, he is also the Dean of New York's congressional delegation...
NY - Rep Lynn N. RiversLynn N. RiversLynn Nancy Rivers is a politician from the U.S. state of Michigan. Rivers was born in Au Gres, Michigan and graduated from Au Gres-Sims High School, Arenac County, in 1975. She received a B.A. from the University of Michigan in 1987 and a J.D. from Wayne State University in 1992...
MI - Rep Bobby RushBobby RushBobby Lee Rush is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1993. He is a member of the Democratic Party.The district is located principally on the South Side of Chicago. It is a minority-majority district and has a higher percentage of African Americans than any other congressional district in...
IL - Rep Jan SchakowskyJan SchakowskyJanice D. "Jan" Schakowsky is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1999. She is a member of the Democratic Party.The district includes many of Chicago's northern suburbs, including Evanston, Skokie, Wilmette, Park Ridge, Des Plaines and Rosemont...
IL - Rep Ellen TauscherEllen TauscherEllen O'Kane Tauscher is an American politician and Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs...
CA - Rep Bennie ThompsonBennie ThompsonBennie G. Thompson, is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1993, and the ranking member of the Committee on Homeland Security since 2011. He is a member of the Democratic Party....
MS - Rep Edolphus Towns NY
- Rep Maxine WatersMaxine WatersMaxine Waters is the U.S. Representative for , and previously the 29th district, serving since 1991. She is a member of the Democratic Party....
CA - Rep Diane WatsonDiane WatsonDiane Edith Watson is a former US Representative for , serving from 2003 until 2011. She is a member of the Democratic Party...
CA - Rep Albert WynnAlbert WynnAlbert Russell "Al" Wynn is a former Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives. He represented the 4th district of Maryland from 1993 to 2008...
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