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The Visit (musical)
Encyclopedia
The Visit is a musical
with a book by Terrence McNally
, lyrics by Fred Ebb
, and music by John Kander
.
Based on Friedrich Dürrenmatt
's 1956 satirical
play about greed and revenge "Der Besuch der alten Dame," it focuses on one of the world's wealthiest women, Claire Zachanassian, who returns to her financially depressed hometown and offers its residents a new lease on life in exchange for the murder of Anton Schell, the man who scorned her years ago.
and was scheduled for a Broadway
opening on March 15, 2001; but Lansbury withdrew due to the illness and subsequent death of her husband.
Chicago, 2001
Chita Rivera
was signed as her replacement and the musical, directed by Frank Galati
and choreographed by Ann Reinking
, was staged with Rivera and John McMartin
by the Goodman Theatre
, Chicago
, opening on October 1, 2001. Galati said that because of the September 11, 2001 attacks
the show did not move to Broadway: "It was generally a success, but we couldn't get anyone from New York or California to see it. People weren't flying." In that climate, he says, "the whole idea of moving a very dark parable about human greed, the dark side of human nature," was difficult. Reinking said: "By the time you really could travel and people felt safe again, our run was up." Regional theatre
productions were considered as an alternative, while McNally rewrote the book. Then, in late 2003, The Public Theater announced it was mounting an off-Broadway
production with Rivera and Frank Langella
early the following year, but that too was cancelled when financing fell through.
Signature Theatre, 2008
The Signature Theatre in Arlington, Virginia production of The Visit, began previews on May 13, 2008, officially opened on May 27 and ran through June 22. With direction by Frank Galati and choreography by Ann Reinking, Rivera was once again in the lead, with co-stars George Hearn
and Mark Jacoby
. Prior to this production, a closed reading was held on February 19, 2008, with, among others, Jayne Houdyshell
, Florence Lacey, and Jason Danieley
, joining Rivera, Hearn and Mark Jacoby
.
Concert, 2011
On November 30, 2011, Rivera and John Cullum
, directed by Carl Andress, star in a staged concert at the Ambassador Theatre
, presented by The Actors Fund and The Vineyard Theatre
.
, the townspeople are poor. They are told that Claire Zachanassian, a former resident and now the world's richest women (by virtue of many fortunate marriages), will pay a visit. The townspeople see Claire as their last hope ("Out of the Darkness"). Claire, who has an artificial leg, arrives in a puff of train steam, carried by Jacob Chicken and Louis Perch, (freed from jail by Claire). She is escorted by her entourage: the falsetto-singing eunuchs Lenny and Benny, her butler Rudi and her latest much-younger husband Evgeny. ("At Last", "I Walk Away"). Anton, the town's shopkeeper and Claire's former lover still has feelings for her, and thinks that they might renew their romance ("I Know Claire"). Although Claire and Anton reminisce about their youthful affair, and the Young Anton and Young Claire dreamily dance ("You, You, You"), Claire soon reveals her macabre plan. Claire explains that she was pregnant by Anton as a teen, but because of Anton's false testimony, was forced to leave the town. She explains that the true purpose of her visit is to seek revenge, and offers to give the people billions if they will kill Anton.
The townspeople are at first repelled, but gradually rationalize their desire for material possessions ("Yellow Shoes"). Anton ultimately realizes that he is to blame for the misery that Claire has endured, and accepts responsibility ("Fear"). He and his family take one last joyful car-ride together ("A Car Ride"), and Claire and Anton make peace with the fate to come ("In the Forest Again"). The townspeople murder Anton ("Finale").
Act II
From the 2008 Signature Theatre production
wrote that it is an "admirable if not consistently embraceable musical", and that it "comes across as something short of electrifying with the addition of song and dance. It makes at times for a jarring art-house spectacle, as in the creepy contributions of Claire's eunuchs, harmonizing in falsetto. And yet there is also fine craftsmanship here, courtesy of director Frank Galati (Ragtime) and a design team expertly conjuring a laconic, Brechtian physical realm..." The score is"...a melodically cohesive web of Middle European waltzes and choral numbers that befit the cynical strands in the story and the formality of Swiss society."
Paul Harris, reviewing for Variety
, wrote: "The polished Signature production offers much to admire, starting with an abundance of enjoyable melodies and clever lyrics from K&E...The radiant [Chita] Rivera offers a stylish performance as the aloof Claire, a woman eager to heap disdain on everyone she meets while guardedly avoiding remorse over the dirty plot against her only true love. She handles song and dance assignments with equal aplomb...[George] Hearn is equally credible...Not everything works. Trouble spots include an overly contrived act-one number in which the townspeople beg for Claire's help...But in its reincarnation, there is sufficient vitality, intrigue and entertaining music to make for a most satisfying "Visit."
Musical theatre
Musical theatre is a form of theatre combining songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance. The emotional content of the piece – humor, pathos, love, anger – as well as the story itself, is communicated through the words, music, movement and technical aspects of the entertainment as an...
with a book by Terrence McNally
Terrence McNally
Terrence McNally is an American playwright who has received four Tony Awards, an Emmy, two Guggenheim Fellowships, a Rockefeller Grant, the Lucille Lortel Award, the Hull-Warriner Award, and a citation from the American Academy of Arts and Letters. He has been a member of the Council of the...
, lyrics by Fred Ebb
Fred Ebb
Fred Ebb was an American musical theatre lyricist who had many successful collaborations with composer John Kander. The Kander and Ebb team frequently wrote for such performers as Liza Minnelli and Chita Rivera....
, and music by John Kander
John Kander
John Harold Kander is the American composer of a number of musicals as part of the songwriting team of Kander and Ebb.-Life and career:Kander was born in Kansas City, Missouri, the son of Bernice and Harold S. Kander...
.
Based on Friedrich Dürrenmatt
Friedrich Dürrenmatt
Friedrich Dürrenmatt was a Swiss author and dramatist. He was a proponent of epic theatre whose plays reflected the recent experiences of World War II. The politically active author's work included avant-garde dramas, philosophically deep crime novels, and often macabre satire...
's 1956 satirical
Satire
Satire is primarily a literary genre or form, although in practice it can also be found in the graphic and performing arts. In satire, vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, and society itself, into improvement...
play about greed and revenge "Der Besuch der alten Dame," it focuses on one of the world's wealthiest women, Claire Zachanassian, who returns to her financially depressed hometown and offers its residents a new lease on life in exchange for the murder of Anton Schell, the man who scorned her years ago.
Background and production history
The musical adaptation was originally developed as a vehicle for Angela LansburyAngela Lansbury
Angela Brigid Lansbury CBE is an English actress and singer in theatre, television and motion pictures, whose career has spanned eight decades and earned her more performance Tony Awards than any other individual , with five wins...
and was scheduled for a Broadway
Broadway theatre
Broadway theatre, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 40 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theatre District centered along Broadway, and in Lincoln Center, in Manhattan in New York City...
opening on March 15, 2001; but Lansbury withdrew due to the illness and subsequent death of her husband.
Chicago, 2001
Chita Rivera
Chita Rivera
Chita Rivera is an American actress, dancer, and singer best known for her roles in musical theater. She is the first Hispanic woman to receive a Kennedy Center Honors award...
was signed as her replacement and the musical, directed by Frank Galati
Frank Galati
Frank Galati is an American director, writer and actor. He is a member of Steppenwolf Theatre Company, an associate director at Goodman Theatre, and a professor of performance at Northwestern University. In 2004, Galati was inducted into the Chicago Gay and Lesbian Hall of Fame...
and choreographed by Ann Reinking
Ann Reinking
Ann Reinking is an American actress, dancer, and choreographer. She has worked extensively in musical theatre, both as a dancer and choreographer, as well as appearing in film.-Biography:...
, was staged with Rivera and John McMartin
John McMartin
John McMartin is an American actor of stage, film and television.-Early life and career:McMartin was born in Warsaw, Indiana and raised in Minnesota. He attended college in Illinois and New York. He made his off-Broadway debut in Little Mary Sunshine in 1959, playing opposite Eileen Brennan...
by the Goodman Theatre
Goodman Theatre
The Goodman Theatre is a professional theater company located in Chicago's Loop. A major part of Chicago theatre, it is the city's oldest currently active nonprofit theater organization...
, Chicago
Chicago
Chicago is the largest city in the US state of Illinois. With nearly 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous in the US, after New York City and Los Angeles...
, opening on October 1, 2001. Galati said that because of the September 11, 2001 attacks
September 11, 2001 attacks
The September 11 attacks The September 11 attacks The September 11 attacks (also referred to as September 11, September 11th or 9/119/11 is pronounced "nine eleven". The slash is not part of the pronunciation...
the show did not move to Broadway: "It was generally a success, but we couldn't get anyone from New York or California to see it. People weren't flying." In that climate, he says, "the whole idea of moving a very dark parable about human greed, the dark side of human nature," was difficult. Reinking said: "By the time you really could travel and people felt safe again, our run was up." Regional theatre
Regional theatre in the United States
Regional theaters, or resident theaters, in the United States are professional or semi-professional, theater companies that produce their own seasons. The term regional theatre most often refers to professional theatres outside of New York City...
productions were considered as an alternative, while McNally rewrote the book. Then, in late 2003, The Public Theater announced it was mounting an off-Broadway
Off-Broadway
Off-Broadway theater is a term for a professional venue in New York City with a seating capacity between 100 and 499, and for a specific production of a play, musical or revue that appears in such a venue, and which adheres to related trade union and other contracts...
production with Rivera and Frank Langella
Frank Langella
-Early life:Langella, an Italian American, was born in Bayonne, New Jersey, the son of Angelina and Frank A. Langella Sr., a business executive who was the president of the Bayonne Barrel and Drum Company. Langella attended Washington Elementary School and Bayonne High School in Bayonne...
early the following year, but that too was cancelled when financing fell through.
Signature Theatre, 2008
The Signature Theatre in Arlington, Virginia production of The Visit, began previews on May 13, 2008, officially opened on May 27 and ran through June 22. With direction by Frank Galati and choreography by Ann Reinking, Rivera was once again in the lead, with co-stars George Hearn
George Hearn
George Hearn is an American actor and singer, primarily in Broadway musical theatre.-Early years:Born in St. Louis, Missouri, Hearn studied philosophy at Southwestern at Memphis, now Rhodes College before he embarked on a career in the theater, training for the stage with actress turned acting...
and Mark Jacoby
Mark Jacoby
Mark Jacoby is a Broadway performer. He has achieved fame from his leading roles in Show Boat, The Phantom of the Opera and Ragtime...
. Prior to this production, a closed reading was held on February 19, 2008, with, among others, Jayne Houdyshell
Jayne Houdyshell
Jayne Houdyshell is a Tony Award–nominated American theater actress.-Life and career:Raised in Topeka, Kansas, she is the youngest of four daughters born to Galen "Buzz" Houdyshell and Louella Taylor...
, Florence Lacey, and Jason Danieley
Jason Danieley
Jason D. Danieley is an American actor, singer, concert performer and recording artist. He is married to fellow Broadway star, Marin Mazzie-Biography:...
, joining Rivera, Hearn and Mark Jacoby
Mark Jacoby
Mark Jacoby is a Broadway performer. He has achieved fame from his leading roles in Show Boat, The Phantom of the Opera and Ragtime...
.
Concert, 2011
On November 30, 2011, Rivera and John Cullum
John Cullum
John Cullum is an American actor and singer. He has appeared in many stage musicals and dramas, including On the Twentieth Century and Shenandoah , winning the Tony Awards for Best Leading Actor in a Musical for each...
, directed by Carl Andress, star in a staged concert at the Ambassador Theatre
Ambassador Theatre
Ambassador Theatre can refer to:* Ambassador Theatre * Ambassador Theatre * Ambassador Theatre * Ambassadors Theatre...
, presented by The Actors Fund and The Vineyard Theatre
Vineyard Theatre
The Vineyard Theatre is an Off-Broadway non-profit theatre company, located at 108 East 15th Street in Manhattan, New York City, near Union Square. Its first production was in 1981...
.
Plot
In the small town of Brachen, SwitzerlandSwitzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
, the townspeople are poor. They are told that Claire Zachanassian, a former resident and now the world's richest women (by virtue of many fortunate marriages), will pay a visit. The townspeople see Claire as their last hope ("Out of the Darkness"). Claire, who has an artificial leg, arrives in a puff of train steam, carried by Jacob Chicken and Louis Perch, (freed from jail by Claire). She is escorted by her entourage: the falsetto-singing eunuchs Lenny and Benny, her butler Rudi and her latest much-younger husband Evgeny. ("At Last", "I Walk Away"). Anton, the town's shopkeeper and Claire's former lover still has feelings for her, and thinks that they might renew their romance ("I Know Claire"). Although Claire and Anton reminisce about their youthful affair, and the Young Anton and Young Claire dreamily dance ("You, You, You"), Claire soon reveals her macabre plan. Claire explains that she was pregnant by Anton as a teen, but because of Anton's false testimony, was forced to leave the town. She explains that the true purpose of her visit is to seek revenge, and offers to give the people billions if they will kill Anton.
The townspeople are at first repelled, but gradually rationalize their desire for material possessions ("Yellow Shoes"). Anton ultimately realizes that he is to blame for the misery that Claire has endured, and accepts responsibility ("Fear"). He and his family take one last joyful car-ride together ("A Car Ride"), and Claire and Anton make peace with the fate to come ("In the Forest Again"). The townspeople murder Anton ("Finale").
Song list
Act I- Out of the Darkness — Townspeople
- At Last — Claire, Townspeople
- I Walk Away — Claire, Entourage
- I Know Claire — Anton
- A Happy Ending — Mayor, Policeman, Doctor, Priest, Schoolmaster, Townspeople
- You, You, You — Anton, Claire
- I Must Have Been Something — Anton
- Look at Me — Anton, Claire, Entourage, Eunuchs, Rudi, Young Anton, Young Claire, Family
- A Masque — Mayor, Townspeople
- Testimony — Louis, Jacob
- Winter — Claire
- Yellow Shoes — Townspeople
Act II
- Chorale — Townspeople
- A Confession — Claire, Entourage
- I Would Never Leave You — Entourage, Claire
- The One-Legged Tango — Entourage, Claire
- Back and Forth — Matilda, Ottillie, Karl
- The Only One — Schoolmaster
- Fear — Anton
- A Car Ride — Anton, Matilda, Ottillie, Karl
- Winter (reprise) — Young Anton
- Love and Love Alone — Claire
- In the Forest Again — Anton, Claire
- Finale — Townspeople
From the 2008 Signature Theatre production
Critical reaction
In reviewing the Signature Theatre production, theatre critic Peter Marks of The Washington PostThe Washington Post
The Washington Post is Washington, D.C.'s largest newspaper and its oldest still-existing paper, founded in 1877. Located in the capital of the United States, The Post has a particular emphasis on national politics. D.C., Maryland, and Virginia editions are printed for daily circulation...
wrote that it is an "admirable if not consistently embraceable musical", and that it "comes across as something short of electrifying with the addition of song and dance. It makes at times for a jarring art-house spectacle, as in the creepy contributions of Claire's eunuchs, harmonizing in falsetto. And yet there is also fine craftsmanship here, courtesy of director Frank Galati (Ragtime) and a design team expertly conjuring a laconic, Brechtian physical realm..." The score is"...a melodically cohesive web of Middle European waltzes and choral numbers that befit the cynical strands in the story and the formality of Swiss society."
Paul Harris, reviewing for Variety
Variety (magazine)
Variety is an American weekly entertainment-trade magazine founded in New York City, New York, in 1905 by Sime Silverman. With the rise of the importance of the motion-picture industry, Daily Variety, a daily edition based in Los Angeles, California, was founded by Silverman in 1933. In 1998, the...
, wrote: "The polished Signature production offers much to admire, starting with an abundance of enjoyable melodies and clever lyrics from K&E...The radiant [Chita] Rivera offers a stylish performance as the aloof Claire, a woman eager to heap disdain on everyone she meets while guardedly avoiding remorse over the dirty plot against her only true love. She handles song and dance assignments with equal aplomb...[George] Hearn is equally credible...Not everything works. Trouble spots include an overly contrived act-one number in which the townspeople beg for Claire's help...But in its reincarnation, there is sufficient vitality, intrigue and entertaining music to make for a most satisfying "Visit."