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The long 19th century
Encyclopedia
The long nineteenth century, defined by Eric Hobsbawm
(after Fernand Braudel
's "long 16th century" idea), a British
Marxist
historian
and author
, refers to the period between the years 1789 and 1914. Hobsbawm lays out its analysis in The Age of Revolution: Europe, 1789–1848; The Age of Capital, 1848–1875; and, The Age of Empire: 1875–1914
.
The period begins with the French Revolution
that established a republic in Europe and ends with the start of World War I
, upon the conclusion of which in 1918 the long-enduring European power balance of the 19th century proper (1801–1900) was eliminated.
A more generalized version of the long nineteenth century, lasting from 1750 to 1914, is often used notably by textbook author and Professor of History at George Mason University
, Peter N. Stearns.
A sequel to the above-mentioned trilogy, The Age of Extremes: The Short Twentieth Century, 1914–1991, details the short twentieth century beginning with World War I
and ending with the fall of the Soviet Union
.
Eric Hobsbawm
Eric John Ernest Hobsbawm , CH, FBA, is a British Marxist historian, public intellectual, and author...
(after Fernand Braudel
Fernand Braudel
Fernand Braudel was a French historian and a leader of the Annales School. His scholarship focused on three main projects, each representing several decades of intense study: The Mediterranean , Civilization and Capitalism , and the unfinished Identity of France...
's "long 16th century" idea), a British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
Marxist
Marxism
Marxism is an economic and sociopolitical worldview and method of socioeconomic inquiry that centers upon a materialist interpretation of history, a dialectical view of social change, and an analysis and critique of the development of capitalism. Marxism was pioneered in the early to mid 19th...
historian
Historian
A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the study of all history in time. If the individual is...
and author
Author
An author is broadly defined as "the person who originates or gives existence to anything" and that authorship determines responsibility for what is created. Narrowly defined, an author is the originator of any written work.-Legal significance:...
, refers to the period between the years 1789 and 1914. Hobsbawm lays out its analysis in The Age of Revolution: Europe, 1789–1848; The Age of Capital, 1848–1875; and, The Age of Empire: 1875–1914
The Age of Empire: 1875–1914
The Age of Empire: 1875–1914 is a book by Eric Hobsbawm, first published in 1987. It is the third in a trilogy of books about "the long 19th century" , preceded by The Age of Revolution: Europe 1789–1848 and The Age of Capital: 1848–1875...
.
The period begins with the French Revolution
French Revolution
The French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years...
that established a republic in Europe and ends with the start of World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, upon the conclusion of which in 1918 the long-enduring European power balance of the 19th century proper (1801–1900) was eliminated.
A more generalized version of the long nineteenth century, lasting from 1750 to 1914, is often used notably by textbook author and Professor of History at George Mason University
George Mason University
George Mason University is a public university based in unincorporated Fairfax County, Virginia, United States, south of and adjacent to the city of Fairfax. Additional campuses are located nearby in Arlington County, Prince William County, and Loudoun County...
, Peter N. Stearns.
A sequel to the above-mentioned trilogy, The Age of Extremes: The Short Twentieth Century, 1914–1991, details the short twentieth century beginning with World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
and ending with the fall of the Soviet Union
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
The dissolution of the Soviet Union was the disintegration of the federal political structures and central government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , resulting in the independence of all fifteen republics of the Soviet Union between March 11, 1990 and December 25, 1991...
.