Tobias Barreto de Meneses
Encyclopedia
Tobias Barreto de Meneses (June 7, 1839 — June 26, 1889) was a Brazil
ian poet, philosopher, jurist and critic, famous for creating the "Condorism
" and revolutionizing Brazilian Romanticism and poetry. He is patron of the 38th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
.
Domingos Quirino. He was so dedicated to the course that, in the future, he would become a Latin professor in the city of Itabaiana
.
In 1861 he would go to Bahia in order to enter in a seminary
, but after realizing that was not what he wanted, he quit. During 1864 and 1865 he became a particular tutor for many subjects. He tried to become a Latin (and later Philosophy
) teacher at the Ginásio Pernambucano, but he couldn't make it either.
Barreto was an enthusiast of the German culture
, what was inherited to him by his taste of works by Ernst Haeckel
and Ludwig Büchner
. It influenced him to write a journal in German
, Deutsche Kampfer (German
for The German Fighter). However, the journal was short-lived and had a small repercussion.
Moving to the city of Escada
, he married the daughter of a colonel
. He stayed in Escada for ten years before returning to Recife, penniless.
During his last years of life, his health was conturbated, and he died in 1889, in Recife, at a friend's house.
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian poet, philosopher, jurist and critic, famous for creating the "Condorism
Condorism
Condorism was a Brazilian literary movement that occurred during the 1860s, 1870s and the first years of the 1880s. It is a subdivision of Brazilian Romanticism, being thus called "the third phase of Brazilian Romanticism", preceded by the Indianism and the Ultra-Romanticism...
" and revolutionizing Brazilian Romanticism and poetry. He is patron of the 38th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
Academia Brasileira de Letras
Academia Brasileira de Letras is a Brazilian literary non-profit society established at the end of the 19th century by a group of 40 writers and poets inspired by the Académie Française. The first president, Machado de Assis, declared its foundation on December 15, 1896, with the statutes being...
.
Life
Barreto was born in the city of Vila de Campos do Rio Real (renamed "Tobias Barreto" in his honor in 1909), in the State of Sergipe. He learned his first letters with professor Manuel Joaquim de Oliveira Campos, and studied Latin with priestPriest
A priest is a person authorized to perform the sacred rites of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and deities. They also have the authority or power to administer religious rites; in particular, rites of sacrifice to, and propitiation of, a deity or deities...
Domingos Quirino. He was so dedicated to the course that, in the future, he would become a Latin professor in the city of Itabaiana
Itabaiana
Itabaiana is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Sergipe. Its population was 84,315 and its area is 337 km²....
.
In 1861 he would go to Bahia in order to enter in a seminary
Seminary
A seminary, theological college, or divinity school is an institution of secondary or post-secondary education for educating students in theology, generally to prepare them for ordination as clergy or for other ministry...
, but after realizing that was not what he wanted, he quit. During 1864 and 1865 he became a particular tutor for many subjects. He tried to become a Latin (and later Philosophy
Philosophy
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational...
) teacher at the Ginásio Pernambucano, but he couldn't make it either.
Barreto was an enthusiast of the German culture
Culture of Germany
German culture began long before the rise of Germany as a nation-state and spanned the entire German-speaking world. From its roots, culture in Germany has been shaped by major intellectual and popular currents in Europe, both religious and secular...
, what was inherited to him by his taste of works by Ernst Haeckel
Ernst Haeckel
The "European War" became known as "The Great War", and it was not until 1920, in the book "The First World War 1914-1918" by Charles à Court Repington, that the term "First World War" was used as the official name for the conflict.-Research:...
and Ludwig Büchner
Ludwig Büchner
Friedrich Karl Christian Ludwig Büchner was a German philosopher, physiologist and physician who became one of the exponents of 19th century scientific materialism.Büchner was born at Darmstadt, Germany, on 29 March 1824...
. It influenced him to write a journal in German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
, Deutsche Kampfer (German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
for The German Fighter). However, the journal was short-lived and had a small repercussion.
Moving to the city of Escada
Escada, Pernambuco
Escada is a city in northeastern Brazil, in the State of Pernambuco, with 62.604 inhabitants according with IBge 2009.-Geography:* State - Pernambuco* Region - Zona da mata Pernambucana...
, he married the daughter of a colonel
Colonel
Colonel , abbreviated Col or COL, is a military rank of a senior commissioned officer. It or a corresponding rank exists in most armies and in many air forces; the naval equivalent rank is generally "Captain". It is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures...
. He stayed in Escada for ten years before returning to Recife, penniless.
During his last years of life, his health was conturbated, and he died in 1889, in Recife, at a friend's house.
Works
- Brasilien, wie es ist (German for Brazil as it is — 18761876 in literatureThe year 1876 in literature involved some significant new books.-New books:*William Harrison Ainsworth**Chetwynd Calverley**The Leaguer of Lathom*Louisa May Alcott - Rose in Bloom*Machado de Assis - Helena*Rhoda Broughton - Joan...
) - Ensaio de Pré-História da Literatura Alemã (18791879 in literatureThe year 1879 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:* The Rabelais Club is founded in London, holding a literary dinner once every two months...
) - Filosofia e Crítica (18791879 in literatureThe year 1879 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:* The Rabelais Club is founded in London, holding a literary dinner once every two months...
) - Estudos Alemães (18791879 in literatureThe year 1879 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:* The Rabelais Club is founded in London, holding a literary dinner once every two months...
) - Dias e Noites (18811881 in literatureThe year 1881 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:* March 4 - A Study in Scarlet, the first Sherlock Holmes story, begins.* The first of the three-volume History of Woman Suffrage, was published by Susan B...
) - Menores e Loucos (18841884 in literatureThe year 1884 in literature involved some significant new books.-New books:*Edwin Abbott Abbott - Flatland*Henry Brooks Adams - Esther*Aluísio de Azevedo - Casa de Pensão*Richard Doddridge Blackmore - Tommy Upmore...
) - Discursos (18871887 in literatureThe year 1887 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:*Futabatei Shimei writes The Drifting Cloud, the first modern novel in Japan.-New books:*Mary Elizabeth Braddon - Cut by the County*Hall Caine - The Deemster...
) - Polêmicas (19011901 in literatureThe year 1901 in literature involved some significant new books.-Events:* First Nobel Prize for Literature awarded, to French poet Sully Prudhomme; many are outraged when Leo Tolstoy does not win...
; posthumous)