Tolshma River
Encyclopedia
The Tolshma is a river in Soligalichsky District
of Kostroma Oblast
and Totemsky District
of Vologda Oblast
in Russia
. It is a right tributary
of the Sukhona River
. The river is 157 kilometres (97.6 mi) long. The area of its basin is 1540 square kilometres (594.6 sq mi). The principal tributary is the Yelshma River (right).
The basin of the Tolshma lies in the western part of the Northern Ridge
chain of hills, which separates the basins of the Sukhona and the Kostroma River
s, and thus the basins of the White
and the Caspian Sea
s. The source of the Tolshma is located in the north of the Kostroma Oblast, northwest of the town of Soligalich. The Tolshma flows to the northwest, sharply turns to the northeast, enters Vologda Oblast, accepts the Yelshma from the right and turns northwest again. The mouth of the Tolshma is located in the selo of Krasnoye.
On July 15, 1929 Tolshmensky District with the center in the selo of Krasnoye was established. On July 30, 1931 it was abolished, and its area was divided between Shuysky
and Totemsky Districts. The name of the district originated from the Tolshma.
The Tolshma was used for timber rafting
until 1990s.
Soligalichsky District
Soligalichsky District is an administrative district , one of the 24 in Kostroma Oblast, Russia....
of Kostroma Oblast
Kostroma Oblast
Kostroma Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . Its administrative center is the city of Kostroma.Major historic towns include Kostroma, Sharya, Nerekhta, Galich, Soligalich, and Makaryev. Textile industries have been developed there since the early 18th century...
and Totemsky District
Totemsky District
Totemsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Totemsky Municipal District...
of Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . Its administrative center is Vologda. The largest city is Cherepovets.Vologda Oblast is rich in historic monuments, such as the magnificent Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Ferapontov Convent , medieval towns of Velikiy Ustyug and Belozersk, baroque...
in Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. It is a right tributary
Tributary
A tributary or affluent is a stream or river that flows into a main stem river or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean...
of the Sukhona River
Sukhona River
The Sukhona is a river in the European pert of Russia, a tributary of the Northern Dvina River. The course of the Sukhona lies in Ust-Kubinsky, Sokolsky, Mezhdurechensky, Totemsky, Tarnogsky, Nyuksensky, and Velikoustyugsky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It is long, and the area of its...
. The river is 157 kilometres (97.6 mi) long. The area of its basin is 1540 square kilometres (594.6 sq mi). The principal tributary is the Yelshma River (right).
The basin of the Tolshma lies in the western part of the Northern Ridge
Northern Ridge
The Northern Ridge, Northern Uvaly, Severnyye Uvaly , is the chain of hills in the northern part of the East European Plain in Russia. The Northern Ridge divides the river basins of the Northern Dvina River and the Volga River...
chain of hills, which separates the basins of the Sukhona and the Kostroma River
Kostroma River
The Kostroma is a river in the European part of Russia. It flows through the Kostroma and Yaroslavl Oblasts, and is a left tributary of the Volga, which it enters at the Gorky Reservoir, at the city of Kostroma, at ....
s, and thus the basins of the White
White Sea
The White Sea is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia. It is surrounded by Karelia to the west, the Kola Peninsula to the north, and the Kanin Peninsula to the northeast. The whole of the White Sea is under Russian sovereignty and considered to be part of...
and the Caspian Sea
Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. The sea has a surface area of and a volume of...
s. The source of the Tolshma is located in the north of the Kostroma Oblast, northwest of the town of Soligalich. The Tolshma flows to the northwest, sharply turns to the northeast, enters Vologda Oblast, accepts the Yelshma from the right and turns northwest again. The mouth of the Tolshma is located in the selo of Krasnoye.
On July 15, 1929 Tolshmensky District with the center in the selo of Krasnoye was established. On July 30, 1931 it was abolished, and its area was divided between Shuysky
Mezhdurechensky District, Vologda Oblast
Mezhdurechensky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Mezhdurechensky Municipal District...
and Totemsky Districts. The name of the district originated from the Tolshma.
The Tolshma was used for timber rafting
Timber rafting
Timber rafting is a log transportation method in which logs are tied together into rafts and drifted or pulled across a water body or down a flatter river. It is arguably the second cheapest method of transportation of timber, next after log driving...
until 1990s.