Toyota G engine
Encyclopedia
The Toyota Motor Corporation
G-family engine is a family of straight-6
piston engines produced from 1979 to present. It is notable in that only a single displacement, 1988 cc, was produced in this series. All were belt-driven OHC non-interference engines (except the VVT-i version in the IS200 which is an interference engine), with multivalve DOHC (except the 1G-EU SOHC 12 valve engine) and even variable valve timing
added later. The 1G-GEU was Toyota's first four-valve twincam engine. A prototype version of the 1G-GEU called the LASREα–X, featuring twin turbos, variable valve timing and intake as well as variable displacement, was fitted to the Toyota FX-1
show car at the 1983 Tokyo Motor Show
. It showcased a number of technologies which were later to become commonplace.
These engines were used as a lower-displacement alternative to the more upmarket M family
and JZ family
straight-sixes.
Applications:
The DOHC 1G-FE uses a narrow valve angle and other fuel economy
optimizations. It was introduced in 1988. Output was 135 hp (101 kW) at 5,600 rpm and 130 ft·lbf (176 Nm) at 4,400 rpm. In 1998 VVT-i
was added, which bumped output to 160 hp (119 kW) at , rpm and 148 ft·lbf (200 Nm) at 4,400 rpm for the Altezza. With the end of the first generation Lexus IS
this engine ceased production in 2005.
Applications:
DOHC 1G-GEU was intended for high performance and featured a pentroof combustion chamber. Introduced in August 1982 and produced through 1986, mostly for the Japanese market, output was 140-160 hp (104-119 kW) at 6,200 rpm and 120–134 ft·lbf (162-181 Nm) at 5,600 rpm. This was Toyota's first multi-valve twincam engine to make it to the market, and won the "JSME Medal for New Technology" (Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers) in 1982. To minimize the downsides of a multi-valve setup, the 1G-GEU was also equipped with T-VIS (Toyota Variable Induction System), increasing low to mid-engine speed torque. Like all following twin cam Toyotas, it used a timing belt rather than chain, for less noise and lower maintenance requirements. In August 1983, the fuel injection system was changed to EFI-D, which measures the pressure in the intake manifold to determine the proper air-fuel mixture.
Applications:
The 24-valve
DOHC 1G-GTE added two CT-12 turbocharger
s to the versatile motor. There were 3 generations of this engine both air-to-air and air-to-water intercooler
s were used, pushing output from 185 to 210 hp (138 to 157 kW) at 6200 rpm and 173 to 203 ft·lbf (234 to 275 Nm) at 3800 rpm using the air-to-air over the air-to-water. This was the most powerful engine of the whole G family. In May 1991 it was replaced with >280 hp 1JZ-GTE on most Toyota cars. Spinning a bearing is a high risk in these engines if maintenance such as regular oil changes are not done due to oil starving in this engine..
Applications:
DOHC engine but featured a distributorless ignition system (DIS). 1G-GZE was mated only with automatic gearboxes. In August 1991.5 it was replaced with 1JZ-GE on Mark II/Chaser/Cresta, while serving on Crown until 1992.
Applications:
Toyota Motor Corporation
, , , commonly known simply as Toyota and abbreviated as TMC, is a multinational automaker headquartered in Toyota, Aichi, Japan. In 2010, Toyota Motor Corporation employed 317,734 people worldwide, and was the world's largest automobile manufacturer by production.The company was founded by...
G-family engine is a family of straight-6
Straight-6
The straight-six engine or inline-six engine is a six-cylinder internal combustion engine with all six cylinders mounted in a straight line along the crankcase...
piston engines produced from 1979 to present. It is notable in that only a single displacement, 1988 cc, was produced in this series. All were belt-driven OHC non-interference engines (except the VVT-i version in the IS200 which is an interference engine), with multivalve DOHC (except the 1G-EU SOHC 12 valve engine) and even variable valve timing
Variable valve timing
In internal combustion engines, variable valve timing , also known as Variable valve actuation , is a generalized term used to describe any mechanism or method that can alter the shape or timing of a valve lift event within an internal combustion engine...
added later. The 1G-GEU was Toyota's first four-valve twincam engine. A prototype version of the 1G-GEU called the LASREα–X, featuring twin turbos, variable valve timing and intake as well as variable displacement, was fitted to the Toyota FX-1
Toyota FX-1
The FX-1 is a concept car by Toyota.It was first shown at the 1983 Tokyo Motor Show and also shown at the Geneva Motor Show in March 1984.It was a showcase for new technologies in driver controls, engine, suspension, materials and aerodynamics....
show car at the 1983 Tokyo Motor Show
Tokyo Motor Show
The is a biennial auto show held in October-November at the Makuhari Messe, Chiba City, Japan for cars, motorcycles and commercial vehicles. Hosted by the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association , it is a recognized international show by the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs...
. It showcased a number of technologies which were later to become commonplace.
These engines were used as a lower-displacement alternative to the more upmarket M family
Toyota M engine
Toyota Motor Corporation's M family of engines were a longitudinally mounted straight-6 engine design. They were used from the 1960s through the 1990s. All M family engines were OHC designs. While the M family was born with a chain-driven single camshaft it evolved into a belt drive DOHC system...
and JZ family
Toyota JZ engine
The Toyota JZ engine family is a series of inline-6 automobile engines. A replacement for the M-series inline-6 engines, the JZ engines were 24-valve DOHC engines. The JZ engine was offered in 2.5 and 3.0 litre versions.-1JZ:...
straight-sixes.
1G
Since just one displacement was offered, all G-family engines are marked 1G and share the same "square" 75 mm (2.95 in) bore and stroke.Applications:
- Toyota SoarerToyota SoarerThe Soarer made its first appearance at the 1980 Osaka International Motor Show with the name "EX-8", and the Z10 series Toyota Soarer was produced from February 1981 to December 1985, with 2.0L, 2.8L or 3.0L DOHC I-6 variants. The first generation Soarer debuted with a rear-wheel drive...
- Toyota Celica SupraToyota SupraThe Toyota Supra is a sports car/grand tourer that was produced by Toyota Motor Company from 1979 to 2002. The styling of the Toyota Supra was derived from the Toyota Celica, but it was both longer and wider. Starting in mid-1986, the Supra became its own model and was no longer based on the Celica...
- Toyota CrownToyota CrownThe Toyota Crown is a line of full-size luxury sedans by Toyota. The range was primarily available in Japan and some other Asian countries, originally designed to serve as a taxi...
- Toyota CressidaToyota CressidaThe Toyota Cressida was a mid-size sedan marketed by Toyota from December 1976 to February 1993 through four generations. It was the flagship sedan of Toyota in the United States. The same chassis with slightly different bodies was available in other countries as the Toyota Mark II, Toyota Chaser...
- Toyota Altezza
- Lexus IS200
1G-EU
The Japan-spec 1G-EU was produced from 1979 through 1988. This is the only two-valve SOHC member of the family. Output was 105-125 hp (78-93 kW) at 5,400 rpm and 116–127 ft·lbf (157-172 Nm) at 4,400 rpm.1G-FE
Fuel economy in automobiles
Fuel usage in automobiles refers to the fuel efficiency relationship between distance traveled by an automobile and the amount of fuel consumed....
optimizations. It was introduced in 1988. Output was 135 hp (101 kW) at 5,600 rpm and 130 ft·lbf (176 Nm) at 4,400 rpm. In 1998 VVT-i
VVT-i
VVT-i, or Variable Valve Timing with intelligence, is an automobile variable valve timing technology developed by Toyota, similar in performance to the BMW's VANOS. The Toyota VVT-i system replaces the Toyota VVT offered starting in 24 December 1991 on the 5-valve per cylinder 4A-GE engine. The...
was added, which bumped output to 160 hp (119 kW) at , rpm and 148 ft·lbf (200 Nm) at 4,400 rpm for the Altezza. With the end of the first generation Lexus IS
Lexus IS
The Lexus IS is a series of entry-level luxury cars / compact executive cars sold by Lexus since 1998. The IS was introduced as an entry-level sport model slotted below the ES in the Lexus lineup...
this engine ceased production in 2005.
Applications:
- Toyota Altezza/Lexus IS 200Lexus ISThe Lexus IS is a series of entry-level luxury cars / compact executive cars sold by Lexus since 1998. The IS was introduced as an entry-level sport model slotted below the ES in the Lexus lineup...
- Toyota CrownToyota CrownThe Toyota Crown is a line of full-size luxury sedans by Toyota. The range was primarily available in Japan and some other Asian countries, originally designed to serve as a taxi...
- Toyota ChaserToyota ChaserThe Toyota Chaser is a mid-size car produced by the Toyota Motor Company, Japan. Most were 4-door sedans, with the 2-door coupe discontinued after the first generation...
- Toyota Mark IIToyota Mark IIThe Corona Mark II, first offered for sale in Japan September 1968 at Toyopet Store dealerships, was intended as an intermediate model between the large luxury sedan the Crown, sold at Toyota Store dealerships, and the smaller Corona, also available at Toyopet Store...
- Toyota CrestaToyota CrestaThe Toyota Cresta was a rear wheel drive 4-door hardtop sedan built by Toyota and launched in 1980 that shared a chassis with the Mark II/Cressida, sold at Toyopet Store dealerships. The goal of the Cresta was a higher level of luxury in comparison to the Mark II, and the Chaser was the performance...
1G-GEU
The 24-valveMulti-valve
In automotive engineering a multi-valve or multivalve engine is one where each cylinder has more than two valves. A multi-valve engine has better breathing and can operate at higher revolutions per minute than a two-valve engine, delivering more power.- Multi-valve rationale :A multi-valve design...
DOHC 1G-GEU was intended for high performance and featured a pentroof combustion chamber. Introduced in August 1982 and produced through 1986, mostly for the Japanese market, output was 140-160 hp (104-119 kW) at 6,200 rpm and 120–134 ft·lbf (162-181 Nm) at 5,600 rpm. This was Toyota's first multi-valve twincam engine to make it to the market, and won the "JSME Medal for New Technology" (Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers) in 1982. To minimize the downsides of a multi-valve setup, the 1G-GEU was also equipped with T-VIS (Toyota Variable Induction System), increasing low to mid-engine speed torque. Like all following twin cam Toyotas, it used a timing belt rather than chain, for less noise and lower maintenance requirements. In August 1983, the fuel injection system was changed to EFI-D, which measures the pressure in the intake manifold to determine the proper air-fuel mixture.
Applications:
- Aug 1981–1985 Celica XX GA61
- Aug 1982–? Toyota ChaserToyota ChaserThe Toyota Chaser is a mid-size car produced by the Toyota Motor Company, Japan. Most were 4-door sedans, with the 2-door coupe discontinued after the first generation...
/Mark IIToyota Mark IIThe Corona Mark II, first offered for sale in Japan September 1968 at Toyopet Store dealerships, was intended as an intermediate model between the large luxury sedan the Crown, sold at Toyota Store dealerships, and the smaller Corona, also available at Toyopet Store...
/CrestaToyota CrestaThe Toyota Cresta was a rear wheel drive 4-door hardtop sedan built by Toyota and launched in 1980 that shared a chassis with the Mark II/Cressida, sold at Toyopet Store dealerships. The goal of the Cresta was a higher level of luxury in comparison to the Mark II, and the Chaser was the performance... - Aug 1983–? Toyota CrownToyota CrownThe Toyota Crown is a line of full-size luxury sedans by Toyota. The range was primarily available in Japan and some other Asian countries, originally designed to serve as a taxi...
- Feb 1983–? Toyota SoarerToyota SoarerThe Soarer made its first appearance at the 1980 Osaka International Motor Show with the name "EX-8", and the Z10 series Toyota Soarer was produced from February 1981 to December 1985, with 2.0L, 2.8L or 3.0L DOHC I-6 variants. The first generation Soarer debuted with a rear-wheel drive...
1G-GE
The 1G-GE replaced the 1G-GEU in 1988. It was detuned from 160 hp down to 150 hp and served the same cars as 1G-GEU did. It was produced for the Supra GA70 until 1993.1G-GTE
Multi-valve
In automotive engineering a multi-valve or multivalve engine is one where each cylinder has more than two valves. A multi-valve engine has better breathing and can operate at higher revolutions per minute than a two-valve engine, delivering more power.- Multi-valve rationale :A multi-valve design...
DOHC 1G-GTE added two CT-12 turbocharger
Turbocharger
A turbocharger, or turbo , from the Greek "τύρβη" is a centrifugal compressor powered by a turbine that is driven by an engine's exhaust gases. Its benefit lies with the compressor increasing the mass of air entering the engine , thereby resulting in greater performance...
s to the versatile motor. There were 3 generations of this engine both air-to-air and air-to-water intercooler
Intercooler
An intercooler , or charge air cooler, is an air-to-air or air-to-liquid heat exchange device used on turbocharged and supercharged internal combustion engines to improve their volumetric efficiency by increasing intake air charge density through nearly isobaric cooling, which removes...
s were used, pushing output from 185 to 210 hp (138 to 157 kW) at 6200 rpm and 173 to 203 ft·lbf (234 to 275 Nm) at 3800 rpm using the air-to-air over the air-to-water. This was the most powerful engine of the whole G family. In May 1991 it was replaced with >280 hp 1JZ-GTE on most Toyota cars. Spinning a bearing is a high risk in these engines if maintenance such as regular oil changes are not done due to oil starving in this engine..
Applications:
- 1986–1992 Supra MK3 (chassis code GA70, JDM only)
- 1988–1992 Mark II/Chaser/Cresta (chassis code GX81)
- 1986–1991 Soarer (chassis code GZ20)
1G-GZE
The 1G-GZE was a supercharged version produced from 1986 till 1992. Output was 168 hp (125 kW) at 6000 rpm and 167 ft·lbf (226 Nm) at 3600 rpm. Like the turbo, it was a 24-valveMulti-valve
In automotive engineering a multi-valve or multivalve engine is one where each cylinder has more than two valves. A multi-valve engine has better breathing and can operate at higher revolutions per minute than a two-valve engine, delivering more power.- Multi-valve rationale :A multi-valve design...
DOHC engine but featured a distributorless ignition system (DIS). 1G-GZE was mated only with automatic gearboxes. In August 1991.5 it was replaced with 1JZ-GE on Mark II/Chaser/Cresta, while serving on Crown until 1992.
Applications:
- Toyota CrownToyota CrownThe Toyota Crown is a line of full-size luxury sedans by Toyota. The range was primarily available in Japan and some other Asian countries, originally designed to serve as a taxi...
GS120, GS121, GS130 - 1988–1990 Toyota Mark II/Chaser/Cresta GX81