Toyota Type A engine
Encyclopedia
The Type A engine was a straight-6
engine produced from 1935 through 1947 by Toyota.
The Type B was a technically more advanced version of the Type A.
The Type C was a straight-4
engine derived from the Type A.
Many parts were interchangeable between the Type A, Type B and Type C engines (e.g. pistons, valves, rods). Many of the same parts were also interchangeable with the Chevrolet
Stovebolt
engine, from which it was derived.
The Type E was a copy of a DKW
engine.
The Type S was a straight-4
engine that replaced the Type A, B and C in Toyota's passenger cars.
This engine was a 3389 cc pushrod, overhead valve
, 6-cylinder, three bearing engine copied from the 1929-36 Chevrolet
Gen-1 3 bearing Stovebolt
L6 OHV engine. By virtue of a modified intake manifold it produced 62 PS, while the Chevrolet engine produced 60 PS. GM
used a number of local Japanese suppliers for the smaller engine parts (e.g. carburettors). Toyota was able to use the same suppliers for its cars. The parts were identical enough that pistons, rods, valves, etc. could be used in both the Chevrolet and Toyota engines interchangeably. There are several recorded instances of parts intended for one being used to repair the other.
Toyota had initially considered copying the Ford flathead V8 because it was the most popular engine in Japan at the time. However, the machining of 2 separate banks of cylinders would add too much to the production cost, so the Chevrolet engine was copied instead.
Other references to the Chevy engine claim different power figures. It must be remembered that different manufactures used different measuring techniques (e.g. with or without the generator/alternator connected), engines differed from year to year and that some manufacturers simply lied. In this case, Toyota did back to back comparisons using the same techniques, so it is likely that the Toyota engine did in fact produce slightly more power than the Chevy engine on which it was based. It must also be remembered that the Chevy engine was likely to be a year or two old, so the current Chevy engine may have produced even more power.
The Type B was succeeded by the similar 3.9 L Type F
in 1955. The Type F is based on the larger G.M.C. 1939-63 L6 OHV engine in the same way that the Type A and Type B were based on the Chevrolet engines of their times.
An unrelated 4 cylinder diesel engine introduced in the 1970s was also called the Type B
.
F-7.
Straight-6
The straight-six engine or inline-six engine is a six-cylinder internal combustion engine with all six cylinders mounted in a straight line along the crankcase...
engine produced from 1935 through 1947 by Toyota.
The Type B was a technically more advanced version of the Type A.
The Type C was a straight-4
Straight-4
The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....
engine derived from the Type A.
Many parts were interchangeable between the Type A, Type B and Type C engines (e.g. pistons, valves, rods). Many of the same parts were also interchangeable with the Chevrolet
Chevrolet
Chevrolet , also known as Chevy , is a brand of vehicle produced by General Motors Company . Founded by Louis Chevrolet and ousted GM founder William C. Durant on November 3, 1911, General Motors acquired Chevrolet in 1918...
Stovebolt
Stovebolt
The terminology and the slang usage of Stovebolt refers to three different things:1) A bolt with a slotted head, used in the assembly of wood-burning stoves constructed from sheet metal....
engine, from which it was derived.
The Type E was a copy of a DKW
DKW
DKW is a historic German car and motorcycle marque. The name derives from Dampf-Kraft-Wagen .In 1916, the Danish engineer Jørgen Skafte Rasmussen founded a factory in Zschopau, Saxony, Germany, to produce steam fittings. In the same year, he attempted to produce a steam-driven car, called the DKW...
engine.
The Type S was a straight-4
Straight-4
The inline-four engine or straight-four engine is an internal combustion engine with all four cylinders mounted in a straight line, or plane along the crankcase. The single bank of cylinders may be oriented in either a vertical or an inclined plane with all the pistons driving a common crankshaft....
engine that replaced the Type A, B and C in Toyota's passenger cars.
Type A
The Type A engine was Toyota's first production engine, being produced from 1935 through 1947.This engine was a 3389 cc pushrod, overhead valve
Overhead valve
An overhead valve engine, also informally called pushrod engine or I-head engine, is a type of piston engine that places the camshaft within the cylinder block , and uses pushrods or rods to actuate rocker arms above the cylinder...
, 6-cylinder, three bearing engine copied from the 1929-36 Chevrolet
Chevrolet
Chevrolet , also known as Chevy , is a brand of vehicle produced by General Motors Company . Founded by Louis Chevrolet and ousted GM founder William C. Durant on November 3, 1911, General Motors acquired Chevrolet in 1918...
Gen-1 3 bearing Stovebolt
Stovebolt
The terminology and the slang usage of Stovebolt refers to three different things:1) A bolt with a slotted head, used in the assembly of wood-burning stoves constructed from sheet metal....
L6 OHV engine. By virtue of a modified intake manifold it produced 62 PS, while the Chevrolet engine produced 60 PS. GM
General Motors
General Motors Company , commonly known as GM, formerly incorporated as General Motors Corporation, is an American multinational automotive corporation headquartered in Detroit, Michigan and the world's second-largest automaker in 2010...
used a number of local Japanese suppliers for the smaller engine parts (e.g. carburettors). Toyota was able to use the same suppliers for its cars. The parts were identical enough that pistons, rods, valves, etc. could be used in both the Chevrolet and Toyota engines interchangeably. There are several recorded instances of parts intended for one being used to repair the other.
Toyota had initially considered copying the Ford flathead V8 because it was the most popular engine in Japan at the time. However, the machining of 2 separate banks of cylinders would add too much to the production cost, so the Chevrolet engine was copied instead.
Other references to the Chevy engine claim different power figures. It must be remembered that different manufactures used different measuring techniques (e.g. with or without the generator/alternator connected), engines differed from year to year and that some manufacturers simply lied. In this case, Toyota did back to back comparisons using the same techniques, so it is likely that the Toyota engine did in fact produce slightly more power than the Chevy engine on which it was based. It must also be remembered that the Chevy engine was likely to be a year or two old, so the current Chevy engine may have produced even more power.
Applications
- A1 prototype car,
- AAToyota AAThe A1 was the first prototype passenger car built by the company that became Toyota. It was redesigned and put into production as Toyota's first production cars, the AA sedan and the AB cabriolet...
sedan - AB cabriolet
- G1Toyota G1The Toyota G1 was the first truck built by the company that became Toyota. It was long, could carry 1.5 tons and was loosely based on similar class Ford and GM trucks....
truck - GA truck
Type B
The 3389 cc Type B was produced from 1937 through 1955 as a more technically advanced version of the Type A. The design was based on the Chevrolet 207 engine, and built under license but with metric dimensions and minor revisions to suit the local market. It had a 4 bearing crank and shaft-mounted rocker arms, as did the Chevrolet engine.The Type B was succeeded by the similar 3.9 L Type F
Toyota F engine
The Toyota F series engine was a series of OHV inline-6 cylinder engines produced by Toyota between 1955-1992. They are known for their high amount of torque at low RPM, massive cast iron blocks and heads and also their high reliability. The F Engine had one of the longest production runs of any...
in 1955. The Type F is based on the larger G.M.C. 1939-63 L6 OHV engine in the same way that the Type A and Type B were based on the Chevrolet engines of their times.
An unrelated 4 cylinder diesel engine introduced in the 1970s was also called the Type B
Toyota B engine
The Toyota B engine family was a series of inline-4 diesel engines.Toyota also had a 3.4 L inline-6 gasoline engine from 1937 to 1947 that was also called the B engine. The earlier engine was used in early Toyota cars and trucks and in the first version of the Land Cruiser when it was known...
.
Applications
- AC sedan,
- GB truck
- BJ Jeep (later renamed the Land CruiserToyota Land CruiserThe is a series of four-wheel drive vehicles produced by the Japanese car maker Toyota Motor Corporation. It is not related to the Studebaker Land Cruiser car produced in the US from 1934-1954....
) - BH26 Police Patrol Car
- BH28 Ambulance
Type C
The 2259 cc Type C was produced from 1939 through 1941. It was formed by removing 2 cylinders from a Type A engine.Type E
The 585 cc Type E was produced in 1938 only for the prototype EA sedan. It was a copy of the two-stroke engine used in the DKWDKW
DKW is a historic German car and motorcycle marque. The name derives from Dampf-Kraft-Wagen .In 1916, the Danish engineer Jørgen Skafte Rasmussen founded a factory in Zschopau, Saxony, Germany, to produce steam fittings. In the same year, he attempted to produce a steam-driven car, called the DKW...
F-7.
Applications
- EA FWDFront-wheel driveFront-wheel drive is a form of engine/transmission layout used in motor vehicles, where the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front-wheel drive vehicles feature a transverse engine, rather than the conventional longitudinal engine arrangement generally found in rear-wheel drive and...
sedan (a copy of the DKWDKWDKW is a historic German car and motorcycle marque. The name derives from Dampf-Kraft-Wagen .In 1916, the Danish engineer Jørgen Skafte Rasmussen founded a factory in Zschopau, Saxony, Germany, to produce steam fittings. In the same year, he attempted to produce a steam-driven car, called the DKW...
F-7). - EB RWD sedan.
Type S
The 995 cc Type S was produced from 1947 through 1959. It was a completely new design that was not based on any other engine.Applications
- SAToyota SAThe SA was Toyota's first new passenger car design after World War II. It was the first in a family of vehicles before the introduction of the Crown. A series of light trucks also shared the chassis and major components of these passenger cars.All of these vehicles were sold under the Toyopet...
sedan, - SB light truck,
- SC sedan,
- SD sedan,
- SF sedan,
- SG light truck,
- SKB medium size truck,
- ST10 CoronaToyota CoronaThe Toyota Corona is an automobile manufactured by the Japanese automaker Toyota between 1957 and 2002. Traditionally, the competitor from Nissan was the Nissan Bluebird. The word Corona is Latin for "crown"...
,
See also
- List of Toyota engines
- Toyota AAToyota AAThe A1 was the first prototype passenger car built by the company that became Toyota. It was redesigned and put into production as Toyota's first production cars, the AA sedan and the AB cabriolet...
passenger car - Toyota G1Toyota G1The Toyota G1 was the first truck built by the company that became Toyota. It was long, could carry 1.5 tons and was loosely based on similar class Ford and GM trucks....
truck