The Tracts for the Times were a series of 90 theological publications, varying in length from a few pages to book-length, produced by members of the English Oxford Movement

Oxford Movement

The Oxford Movement was a movement of High Church Anglicans, eventually developing into Anglo-Catholicism. The movement, whose members were often associated with the University of Oxford, argued for the reinstatement of lost Christian traditions of faith and their inclusion into Anglican liturgy...

, an Anglo-Catholic revival group, from 1833 to 1841. There were about a dozen authors, including Oxford Movement leaders John Keble

John Keble

John Keble was an English churchman and poet, one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement, and gave his name to Keble College, Oxford.-Early life:...

, John Henry Newman and Edward Pusey, with Newman taking the initiative in the series, and making the largest contribution. With the wide distribution associated with the tract form, and a price in pennies, the Tracts succeeded in drawing attention to the views of the Oxford Movement on points of doctrine, but also to its overall approach, to the extent that Tractarian became a synonym for supporter of the movement.

Publication

Many of the tracts were labelled, indicating their intended audience: Ad Clerum (to the clergy), Ad Populum (to the people), or Ad Scholas (to scholars). The first 20 tracts appeared in 1833, with 30 more in 1834. After that the pace slowed, but the later contributions were more substantive on doctrinal matters. Initially these publications were anonymous, pseudonymous, or reprints from theologians of previous centuries. The authorship details of the tracts were recovered by later scholars of the Oxford Movement, with some tentative accounts of drafting. Through Francis Rivington, the tracts were published by the Rivingtons house in London.

Opposition

The Tracts also provoked a secondary literature from opponents. Significant replies from the evangelicals were those of William Goode

William Goode (dean)

William Goode D.D., the younger was an English churchman, a leader of the evangelicals of the Church of England, and from 1860 Dean of Ripon.-Life:...

 in Tract XC Historically Refuted (1845) and Isaac Taylor

Isaac Taylor

Isaac Taylor was an English philosophical and historical writer, artist, and inventor.-Life:He was the eldest surviving son of Isaac Taylor of Ongar. He was born at Lavenham, Suffolk, on 17 August 1787, and moved with his family to Colchester and, at the end of 1810, to Ongar. In the family...

.

The series was brought to an end by the intervention of Richard Bagot

Richard Bagot (bishop)

Richard Bagot was an English cleric.He was a son of William Bagot, 1st Baron Bagot of Blithfield Hall, Staffordshire...

, Bishop of Oxford

Bishop of Oxford

The Bishop of Oxford is the diocesan bishop of the Church of England Diocese of Oxford in the Province of Canterbury; his seat is at Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford...

, not unsympathetic to the Tractarians, after the appearance of Newman's Tract 90

Tract 90

Remarks on Certain Passages in the Thirty-Nine Articles, better known as Tract 90, was a theological pamphlet written by the English theologian and churchman John Henry Newman and published in 1841...

, which suggested a heterodox reading of the Thirty-Nine Articles

Thirty-Nine Articles

The Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion are the historically defining statements of doctrines of the Anglican church with respect to the controversies of the English Reformation. First established in 1563, the articles served to define the doctrine of the nascent Church of England as it related to...

of the Church of England

Church of England

The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England and the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion. The church considers itself within the tradition of Western Christianity and dates its formal establishment principally to the mission to England by St...

, and caused controversy in the University.

Literature

William Palmer

William Palmer (theologian)

Sir William Palmer was an Anglican theologian and liturgical scholar of the 19th century.The Rev., afterwards Sir, William Palmer, Bart., of Worcester College, University of Oxford, was author of the Origines Liturgicæ and Treatise on the Church of Christ...

 in 1843 published A Narrative of Events Connected with the Publication of the Tracts for the Times, dedicated to Bagot. In the Preface he is concerned with arguing against the point of view that the Tracts were an attempt to introduce Roman Catholic beliefs; to place the Tracts in the context set up by the 1833 formation of the Association of Friends of the Church (set up by Hugh James Rose

Hugh James Rose

Hugh James Rose was an English churchman and theologian who served as the second Principal of King's College London....

, Hurrell Froude and Palmer himself) that was the initial step in the Oxford Movement; and to distance his views from the editorial line of the British Critic

British Critic

The British Critic: A New Review was a quarterly publication, established in 1793 as a conservative and high church review journal riding the tide of British reaction against the French Revolution.-High church review:...

. This work then provoked a major statement of his position by William George Ward

William George Ward

William George Ward was an English Roman Catholic theologian and mathematician whose career illustrates the development of religious opinion at a time of crisis in the history of English religious thought....

.

Table of the Tracts

Number	Date	Title	Author	Comment
1	9 September 1833	Thoughts on the Ministerial Commission, respectfully addressed to the clergy	John Henry Newman
2	9 September 1833	The Catholic Church	Newman
3	9 September 1833	Thoughts respectfully addressed to the Clergy on alterations in the Liturgy. The Burial Service. The Principle of Unity.	Newman
4	21 September 1833	Adherence to the Apostolical Succession the safest course. On Alterations in the Prayer-book.	John Keble John Keble John Keble was an English churchman and poet, one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement, and gave his name to Keble College, Oxford.-Early life:...
5	18 October 1833	A short address to his Brethren on the Nature and Constitution of the Church of Christ, and of the Branch of it established in England. By a Layman.	John William Bowden John William Bowden John William Bowden was an English functionary and writer on church matters. He was a close friend of John Henry Newman, who described their relationship in his Apologia.-Life:...
6	29 October 1833	The Present Obligation of Primitive Practice. A Sin of the Church.	Newman	Ad Populum
7	29 October 1833	The Episcopal Church Apostolical	Newman
8	31 October 1833	The Gospel a Law of Liberty	Attributed to Newman. Possibly Hurrell Froude (ODNB)
9	31 October 1833	On Shortening the Church Service	Hurrell Froude
10	4 November 1833	Heads of a Week-day lecture, delivered to a country congregation in -------shire.	Newman
11	11 November 1833	The Visible Church	Newman
12	4 December 1833	Richard Nelson. No. 1 Bishops, Priests, and Deacons.	Thomas Keble	"Richard Nelson" was a pseudonym.
13	5 December 1833	Sunday Lessons. The Principle of Selection.	John Keble John Keble John Keble was an English churchman and poet, one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement, and gave his name to Keble College, Oxford.-Early life:...
14	12 December 1833	The Ember Days.	Alfred Menzies	Ad Populum. Menzies was a Fellow of Trinity College, Oxford. Graduating B.A. in 1832, he was ordained deacon and appointed Curate of Godalming in 1834, and ordained as priest in 1835. He died in Torquay, aged 26, on 24 February 1836.
15	13 December 1833	On the Apostolical Succession in the English Church.	William Palmer William Palmer (theologian) Sir William Palmer was an Anglican theologian and liturgical scholar of the 19th century.The Rev., afterwards Sir, William Palmer, Bart., of Worcester College, University of Oxford, was author of the Origines Liturgicæ and Treatise on the Church of Christ... , completed by Newman
16	17 December 1833	Advent.	Benjamin Harrison (archdeacon) Benjamin Harrison (archdeacon) Benjamin Harrison was an Anglican clergyman and ecclesiastical administrator.His father was Benjamin Harrison, Treasurer of Guy's Hospital.Harrison was educated at Christ Church, Oxford...
17	20 December 1833	The Ministerial Commission, a Trust from Christ for the Benefit of His People.	Benjamin Harrison (archdeacon) Benjamin Harrison (archdeacon) Benjamin Harrison was an Anglican clergyman and ecclesiastical administrator.His father was Benjamin Harrison, Treasurer of Guy's Hospital.Harrison was educated at Christ Church, Oxford...
18	21 December 1833	Thoughts on the Benefits of the System of Fasting Enjoined by Our Church.	Edward Pusey
19	23 December 1833	On arguing concerning the Apostolical Succession. On Reluctance to confess the Apostolical Succession.	Newman
20	24 December 1833	The Visible Church. Letter III.	Newman	Ad Scholas.
21	1 January 1834	Mortification of the Flesh a Scripture duty.	Newman	Ad Populum.
22	6 January 1834	Richard Nelson. No. II. The Athanasian Creed.	Thomas Keble Thomas Keble Thomas Keble was a Church of England clergyman, younger brother of John Keble. Keble was Vicar of Bisley, Gloucestershire from 1827 to 1873. He contributed four of the Tracts for the Times, three of them under a pseudonym also used by his brother, Richard Nelson.-Life:Keble was born at Fairford...
23	6 January 1834	The Faith and Obedience of Churchmen, the Strength of the Church.	Arthur Philip Perceval Arthur Philip Perceval Arthur Philip Perceval was an English High Church clergyman, royal chaplain and theological writer.-Life:Born on 22 November 1799, he was the fifth and youngest son of Charles George Perceval, 2nd Baron Arden, by his wife Margaret Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Sir Thomas Spencer Wilson, bart. He...
24	25 January 1834	The Scripture View of the Apostolical Commission.	Benjamin Harrison (archdeacon) Benjamin Harrison (archdeacon) Benjamin Harrison was an Anglican clergyman and ecclesiastical administrator.His father was Benjamin Harrison, Treasurer of Guy's Hospital.Harrison was educated at Christ Church, Oxford...
25	25 January 1834	The great Necessity and Advantage of Public Prayer.	Reprint, extracted from William Beveridge William Beveridge (bishop) -Life:He was born at Barrow, near Leicester, and baptized there February 21, 1637. He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge, and was rector of Ealing, 1661–72, and of St. Peter's, Cornhill, London, 1672–1704, when he became bishop... 's sermon.	Ad Populum.
26	2 February 1834	The Necessity and Advantage of Frequent Communion.	Reprint, extracted from William Beveridge William Beveridge (bishop) -Life:He was born at Barrow, near Leicester, and baptized there February 21, 1637. He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge, and was rector of Ealing, 1661–72, and of St. Peter's, Cornhill, London, 1672–1704, when he became bishop... 's sermon.
27	24 February 1834	The History of Popish Transubstantiation.	Reprint, by John Cosin John Cosin John Cosin was an English churchman.-Life:He was born at Norwich, and was educated at Norwich grammar school and at Caius College, Cambridge, where he was scholar and afterwards fellow. On taking orders he was appointed secretary to Bishop Overall of Lichfield, and then domestic chaplain to... .
28	25 March 1834	The same, concluded.
29	25 March 1834	Christian Liberty; Or, Why Should We Belong to the Church of England? By a Layman.	John William Bowden John William Bowden John William Bowden was an English functionary and writer on church matters. He was a close friend of John Henry Newman, who described their relationship in his Apologia.-Life:...
30	25 March 1834	The same continued.	John William Bowden John William Bowden John William Bowden was an English functionary and writer on church matters. He was a close friend of John Henry Newman, who described their relationship in his Apologia.-Life:...
31	25 April 1834	The Reformed Church.	Newman	Ad Clerum.
32	25 April 1834	On the Standing Ordinances of Religion	Charles Page Eden Charles Page Eden -Life:Born in or near Bristol, he was third son of Thomas Eden, curate of St. George's, Bristol, who died when Charles was an infant, leaving a widow and young family in poverty. Charles was educated at a day school at Bristol, and at the Liverpool Royal Institution School. Afterwards he was...  (ODNB)
33	1 May 1834	Primitive Episcopacy.	Newman	Ad Scholas.
34	1 May 1834	Rites and Customs of the Church.	Newman	Ad Scholas.
35	8 May 1834	The People's Interest in Their Minister's Commission.	Arthur Philip Perceval Arthur Philip Perceval Arthur Philip Perceval was an English High Church clergyman, royal chaplain and theological writer.-Life:Born on 22 November 1799, he was the fifth and youngest son of Charles George Perceval, 2nd Baron Arden, by his wife Margaret Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Sir Thomas Spencer Wilson, bart. He...
36	11 June 1834	Account of Religious Sects at Present Existing in England.	Arthur Philip Perceval Arthur Philip Perceval Arthur Philip Perceval was an English High Church clergyman, royal chaplain and theological writer.-Life:Born on 22 November 1799, he was the fifth and youngest son of Charles George Perceval, 2nd Baron Arden, by his wife Margaret Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Sir Thomas Spencer Wilson, bart. He...
37	24 June 1834	Bishop Wilson's Form of Excommunication.	Reprint, by Thomas Wilson Thomas Wilson (bishop) Thomas Wilson was Anglican Bishop of Sodor and Man between 1697 and 1755.He was born in Burton and Ness, in the Wirral, Cheshire, in December 1663. Having studied medicine at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained priest in 1689...	Ad Populum.
38	25 June 1834	Via Media. No. I.	Newman	Ad Scholas. Later as a Catholic, in his 1845 Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine (the Retractation of Anti-Catholic Statements), Newman recalled his language in this tract: In 1834 I also used, of certain doctrines of the Church of Rome, the epithets 'unscriptural,' 'profane,' 'impious,' 'bold,' 'unwarranted,' 'blasphemous,' 'gross,' 'monstrous,' 'cruel,' 'administering deceitful comfort,' and 'unauthorised,' in Tract 38. I do not mean to say that I had not a definite meaning in every one of those epithets, or that I did not weigh them before I used them.
39	25 June 1834	Bishop Wilson's Form of Receiving Penitents.	Reprint, by Thomas Wilson Thomas Wilson (bishop) Thomas Wilson was Anglican Bishop of Sodor and Man between 1697 and 1755.He was born in Burton and Ness, in the Wirral, Cheshire, in December 1663. Having studied medicine at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained priest in 1689...	Ad Populum.
40	25 June 1834	Richard Nelson III. Baptism.	John Keble John Keble John Keble was an English churchman and poet, one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement, and gave his name to Keble College, Oxford.-Early life:...
41	24 August 1834	Via Media. No. II.	Newman	Ad Scholas.
42	24 August 1834	Bishop Wilson's Meditations on his Sacred Office. No. I, Sunday.	Reprint, by Thomas Wilson Thomas Wilson (bishop) Thomas Wilson was Anglican Bishop of Sodor and Man between 1697 and 1755.He was born in Burton and Ness, in the Wirral, Cheshire, in December 1663. Having studied medicine at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained priest in 1689...	Ad Populum.
43	21 September 1834	Richard Nelson. No. IV. Length of the Public Service.	Thomas Keble Thomas Keble Thomas Keble was a Church of England clergyman, younger brother of John Keble. Keble was Vicar of Bisley, Gloucestershire from 1827 to 1873. He contributed four of the Tracts for the Times, three of them under a pseudonym also used by his brother, Richard Nelson.-Life:Keble was born at Fairford...	Ad Populum.
44	28 September 1834	Bishop Wilson's Meditations on his Sacred Office. No. II, Monday.	Reprint, by Thomas Wilson Thomas Wilson (bishop) Thomas Wilson was Anglican Bishop of Sodor and Man between 1697 and 1755.He was born in Burton and Ness, in the Wirral, Cheshire, in December 1663. Having studied medicine at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained priest in 1689...	Ad Populum.
45	18 October 1834	The Grounds of our Faith.	Newman	Ad Clerum.
46	28 October 1834	Bishop Wilson's Meditations on his Sacred Office. No. III, Tuesday.	Reprint, by Thomas Wilson Thomas Wilson (bishop) Thomas Wilson was Anglican Bishop of Sodor and Man between 1697 and 1755.He was born in Burton and Ness, in the Wirral, Cheshire, in December 1663. Having studied medicine at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained priest in 1689...	Ad Populum.
47	1 November 1834	The Visible Church. Letter IV.	Newman	Ad Clerum.
48	30 November 1834	Bishop Wilson's Meditations on his Sacred Office. No. IV, Wednesday.	Reprint, by Thomas Wilson Thomas Wilson (bishop) Thomas Wilson was Anglican Bishop of Sodor and Man between 1697 and 1755.He was born in Burton and Ness, in the Wirral, Cheshire, in December 1663. Having studied medicine at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained priest in 1689...	Ad Populum.
49	25 December 1834	The Kingdom of Heaven.	Benjamin Harrison (archdeacon) Benjamin Harrison (archdeacon) Benjamin Harrison was an Anglican clergyman and ecclesiastical administrator.His father was Benjamin Harrison, Treasurer of Guy's Hospital.Harrison was educated at Christ Church, Oxford...
50	26 November 1834	Bishop Wilson's Meditations on his Sacred Office. No. IV, Wednesday (continued).	Reprint, by Thomas Wilson Thomas Wilson (bishop) Thomas Wilson was Anglican Bishop of Sodor and Man between 1697 and 1755.He was born in Burton and Ness, in the Wirral, Cheshire, in December 1663. Having studied medicine at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained priest in 1689...	Ad Populum.
51	6 January 1835	On Dissent without Reason in Conscience.	Robert F. Wilson
52	[Undated]	Sermons for Saints' Days and Holidays. No. 1, St. Matthias.	John Keble John Keble John Keble was an English churchman and poet, one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement, and gave his name to Keble College, Oxford.-Early life:...
53	24 February 1835	Bishop Wilson's Meditations on his Sacred Office. No. V, Thursday.	Reprint, by Thomas Wilson Thomas Wilson (bishop) Thomas Wilson was Anglican Bishop of Sodor and Man between 1697 and 1755.He was born in Burton and Ness, in the Wirral, Cheshire, in December 1663. Having studied medicine at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained priest in 1689...	Ad Populum
54	2 February 1835	Sermons for Saints' Days and Holidays. No. 2, The Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary.	John Keble John Keble John Keble was an English churchman and poet, one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement, and gave his name to Keble College, Oxford.-Early life:...
55	25 March 1835	Bishop Wilson's Meditations on his Sacred Office. No. V, Thursday (continued)	Reprint, by Thomas Wilson Thomas Wilson (bishop) Thomas Wilson was Anglican Bishop of Sodor and Man between 1697 and 1755.He was born in Burton and Ness, in the Wirral, Cheshire, in December 1663. Having studied medicine at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained priest in 1689...	Ad Populum
56	25 March 1835	Holy Days observed in the English Church	John William Bowden John William Bowden John William Bowden was an English functionary and writer on church matters. He was a close friend of John Henry Newman, who described their relationship in his Apologia.-Life:...	Ad Populum
57	25 March 1835	Sermons on Saints' Days. No. 3, St Mark's Day.	John Keble John Keble John Keble was an English churchman and poet, one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement, and gave his name to Keble College, Oxford.-Early life:...	Ad Populum
58	19 April 1835	On the Church as viewed by Faith and by the World.	John William Bowden John William Bowden John William Bowden was an English functionary and writer on church matters. He was a close friend of John Henry Newman, who described their relationship in his Apologia.-Life:...	Ad Populum
59	25 April 1835	The position of the Church of Christ in England, relatively to the State and the Nation.	Hurrell Froude	Ad Clerum
60	25 March 1835	Sermons for Saints' Days and Holidays. No. 4. St. Philip and St. James.	John Keble John Keble John Keble was an English churchman and poet, one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement, and gave his name to Keble College, Oxford.-Early life:...	Ad Populum
61	1 May 1835	The Catholic Church a Witness against Illiberality.	Antony Buller
62	1 May 1835	Bishop Wilson's Meditations on his Sacred Office. No. V, Thursday (continued)	Reprint, by Thomas Wilson Thomas Wilson (bishop) Thomas Wilson was Anglican Bishop of Sodor and Man between 1697 and 1755.He was born in Burton and Ness, in the Wirral, Cheshire, in December 1663. Having studied medicine at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained priest in 1689...	Ad Populum
63	1 May 1835	The Antiquity of the existing Liturgies.	Hurrell Froude	Ad Clerum
64	11 June 1835	Bishop Bull on the Ancient Liturgies.	Reprint, by George Bull George Bull George Bull was an English theologian and Bishop of St David's.-Life:He was born, 25 March 1634, in the parish of St. Cuthbert, Wells, and educated in the grammar school at Wells, and then at Blundell's School in Tiverton under Samuel Butler. Before he was fourteen years old he went into...	Ad Populum
65	28 June 1835	Bishop Wilson's Meditations on his Sacred Office. No. VI, Friday (abridged).	Reprint, by Thomas Wilson Thomas Wilson (bishop) Thomas Wilson was Anglican Bishop of Sodor and Man between 1697 and 1755.He was born in Burton and Ness, in the Wirral, Cheshire, in December 1663. Having studied medicine at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained priest in 1689...	Ad Populum. Later editions printed the work in full.
66	25 June 1835	Supplement to Tract XVIII; On the Benefits of the System of Fasting Prescribed by Our Church.	Edward Pusey
67	24 August 1835	Scriptural Views of Holy Baptism.	Edward Pusey	Ad Clerum. "In these [67, 68, 69] Pusey maintained that regeneration is connected with baptism both in scripture and in the writings of the early church. A second edition of the first of the three tracts appeared in 1839; in it the argument was entirely confined to scripture, but was expanded from forty-nine to four hundred pages."
68	29 September 1835	Scriptural views of Holy Baptism (continued).	Edward Pusey	Ad Clerum
69	18 October 1835	Scriptural Views of Holy Baptism (concluded).	Edward Pusey	Ad Clerum
70	28 October 1835	Bishop Wilson's Meditations on his Sacred Office. No. VII, Saturday (abridged).	Reprint, by Thomas Wilson Thomas Wilson (bishop) Thomas Wilson was Anglican Bishop of Sodor and Man between 1697 and 1755.He was born in Burton and Ness, in the Wirral, Cheshire, in December 1663. Having studied medicine at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained priest in 1689...	Ad Populum
71	1 January 1836	On the Controversy with the Romanists (No. I, Against Romanism).	Newman	Ad Clerum
72	6 January 1836	Archbishop Ussher on Prayers for the Dead (No. II, Against Romanism).	Reprint, by James Ussher James Ussher James Ussher was Church of Ireland Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland between 1625–56...
73	2 February 1836	On the Introduction of Rationalistic Principles into Religion.	Newman	Ad Scholas
74	25 April 1836	Catena Patrum No. I. Testimony of Writers in the later English Church to the Doctrine of the Apostolical Succession	Newman	Ad Populum. "It contains extracts from the writings of forty-three English theologians, the first being Bilson who died in 1616, and the last Mant who died in 1848. In the entire list there are but four Archbishops of Canterbury (Bancroft, Laud, Wake and Potter). There are very many non-jurors, some very distinguished typical Anglicans and others of no great note or weight." They were: Thomas Bilson Thomas Bilson Thomas Bilson was an Anglican Bishop of Worcester and Bishop of Winchester. He, along with Miles Smith, oversaw the final edit and printing of the King James Bible. He is buried in Westminster Abbey in plot 232 between the tombs of Richard the Second and Edward the Third... ; Richard Hooker Richard Hooker Richard Hooker was an Anglican priest and an influential theologian. Hooker's emphases on reason, tolerance and the value of tradition came to exert a lasting influence on the development of the Church of England... ; Richard Bancroft Richard Bancroft Archbishop Richard Bancroft, DD, BD, MA, BA was an English churchman, who became Archbishop of Canterbury and the "chief overseer" of the production of the authorized version of the Bible.-Life:... ; Lancelot Andrewes Lancelot Andrewes Lancelot Andrewes was an English bishop and scholar, who held high positions in the Church of England during the reigns of Queen Elizabeth I and King James I. During the latter's reign, Andrewes served successively as Bishop of Chichester, Ely and Winchester and oversaw the translation of the... ; Joseph Hall; William Laud William Laud William Laud was Archbishop of Canterbury from 1633 to 1645. One of the High Church Caroline divines, he opposed radical forms of Puritanism... ; John Bramhall John Bramhall John Bramhall was an Archbishop of Armagh, and an Anglican theologian and apologist. He was a noted controversialist who doggedly defended the English Church from both Puritan and Roman Catholic accusations, as well as the materialism of Thomas Hobbes.-Early life:Bramhall was born in Pontefract,... ; Joseph Mede Joseph Mede Joseph Mede was an English scholar with a wide range of interests. He was educated at Christ's College, Cambridge, where he became a Fellow from 1613. He is now remembered as a biblical scholar. He was also a naturalist and Egyptologist... ; Francis Mason Francis Mason (archdeacon) Francis Mason was an English churchman, archdeacon of Norfolk and author of Of the Consecration of the Bishops in the Church of England , a defence of the Church of England and the first serious rebuttal of the Nag's Head Fable put about as denigration of Matthew Parker and Anglican... ; Robert Sanderson Robert Sanderson Robert Sanderson was an English theologian and casuist.He was born in Sheffield in Yorkshire and grew up at Gilthwaite Hall, near Rotherham. He was educated at Lincoln College, Oxford. Entering the Church, he rose to be Bishop of Lincoln.His work on logic, Logicae Artis Compendium , was long a... ; Henry Hammond Henry Hammond Henry Hammond was an English churchman.-Early life:He was born at Chertsey in Surrey on 18 August 1605, the youngest son of John Hammond, physician. He was educated at Eton College, and from age 13 at Magdalen College, Oxford, becoming demy or scholar in 1619. On 11 December 1622 he graduated B.A.... ; Jeremy Taylor Jeremy Taylor Jeremy Taylor was a clergyman in the Church of England who achieved fame as an author during the Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell. He is sometimes known as the "Shakespeare of Divines" for his poetic style of expression and was often presented as a model of prose writing... ; Peter Heylin Peter Heylin Peter Heylin or Heylyn was an English ecclesiastic and author of many polemical, historical, political and theological tracts. He incorporated his political concepts into his geographical books Microcosmus in 1621 and Cosmographie .-Life:He was born in Burford, Oxfordshire, the son of Henry Heylyn... ; Richard Allestree Richard Allestree Richard Allestree or Allestry was a Royalist churchman and provost of Eton College from 1665.-Life:The son of Robert Allestree, descended from an old Derbyshire family, he was born at Uppington in Shropshire. He was educated at Coventry and later at Christ Church, Oxford, under Richard Busby... ; John Pearson; John Fell John Fell (clergyman) John Fell was an English churchman and influential academic. He served as Dean of Christ Church, Oxford, and later concomitantly as Bishop of Oxford.-Education:... ; George Bull George Bull George Bull was an English theologian and Bishop of St David's.-Life:He was born, 25 March 1634, in the parish of St. Cuthbert, Wells, and educated in the grammar school at Wells, and then at Blundell's School in Tiverton under Samuel Butler. Before he was fourteen years old he went into... ; Edward Stillingfleet Edward Stillingfleet Edward Stillingfleet was a British theologian and scholar. Considered an outstanding preacher as well as a strong polemical writer defending Anglicanism, Stillingfleet was known as "the beauty of holiness" for his good looks in the pulpit, and was called by John Hough "the ablest man of his... ; Thomas Ken Thomas Ken Thomas Ken was an English cleric who was considered the most eminent of the English non-juring bishops, and one of the fathers of modern English hymnology.-Early life:... ; William Beveridge William Beveridge (bishop) -Life:He was born at Barrow, near Leicester, and baptized there February 21, 1637. He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge, and was rector of Ealing, 1661–72, and of St. Peter's, Cornhill, London, 1672–1704, when he became bishop... ; John Sharp; John Scott John Scott (1639–1695) John Scott was an English clergyman, known as a devotional writer, and a defender of Anglican orthodoxy in his preaching.-Life:He was son of Thomas Scott, a grazier of Chippenham, Wiltshire, and served as a youth a three years' apprenticeship in London. Then, changing his course of life, he... ; William Wake William Wake William Wake was a priest in the Church of England and Archbishop of Canterbury from 1716 until his death in 1737.-Life:... ; John Potter; Robert Nelson Robert Nelson (nonjuror) Robert Nelson was an English lay religious writer and nonjuror.-Life:He was born in London on 22 June 1656, the only surviving son of John Nelson, a merchant in the Turkey trade, by Delicia, daughter of Lewis and sister of Sir Gabriel Roberts, who, like John Nelson, was a member of the Levant... ; John Kettlewell John Kettlewell John Kettlewell was an English clergyman, nonjuror and devotional writer. He is now known for his arguments against William Sherlock, who had justified the change of monarch of 1688-9 and his own switch of sides in The Case of the Allegiance. According to J. P... ; George Hickes George Hickes George Hickes was an English divine and scholar.-Biography:Hickes was born at Newsham, near Thirsk, Yorkshire, in 1642... ; William Law William Law William Law was an English cleric, divine and theological writer.-Early life:Law was born at Kings Cliffe, Northamptonshire in 1686. In 1705 he entered as a sizar at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; in 1711 he was elected fellow of his college and was ordained... ; John Johnson; Henry Dodwell Henry Dodwell Henry Dodwell was an Anglo-Irish scholar, theologian and controversial writer.-Life:He was born in Dublin, Ireland. His father, William Dodwell, lost his property in Connacht during the Irish rebellion and settled at York in 1648... ; Jeremy Collier Jeremy Collier Jeremy Collier was an English theatre critic, non-juror bishop and theologian.-Life:Born in Stow cum Quy, Cambridgeshire, Collier was educated at Caius College, University of Cambridge, receiving the BA and MA . A supporter of James II, he refused to take the oath of allegiance to William and... ; Charles Leslie; Thomas Wilson Thomas Wilson (bishop) Thomas Wilson was Anglican Bishop of Sodor and Man between 1697 and 1755.He was born in Burton and Ness, in the Wirral, Cheshire, in December 1663. Having studied medicine at Trinity College, Dublin, he was ordained priest in 1689... ; Joseph Bingham Joseph Bingham Joseph Bingham , English scholar and divine, was born at Wakefield in Yorkshire.He was educated at University College, Oxford, of which he was made fellow in 1689 and tutor in 1691... ; Philip Skelton Philip Skelton -Life:The son of Richard Skelton, a farmer, gunsmith tanner, he was born at Derriaghy, County Antrim, in February 1707. His mother, Arabella Cathcart, was daughter of a farmer, and the tenancy, under Lord Conway, of the farm at Derriaghy was her marriage portion. Philip, who had five brothers and... ; Samuel Johnson Samuel Johnson Samuel Johnson , often referred to as Dr. Johnson, was an English author who made lasting contributions to English literature as a poet, essayist, moralist, literary critic, biographer, editor and lexicographer... ; George Horne; William Jones William Jones (ecclesiastic) William Jones , known as William Jones of Nayland, was a British clergyman and author.-Life:He was born at Lowick, Northamptonshire, but was descended from an old Welsh family. One of his ancestors was Colonel John Jones, brother-in-law of Oliver Cromwell. He was educated at Charterhouse School... ; Samuel Horsley Samuel Horsley Samuel Horsley was a British churchman, bishop of Rochester from 1792.Entering Trinity Hall, Cambridge in 1751, he became LL.B. in 1758 without graduating in arts. In the following year he succeeded his father in the living of Newington Butts in Surrey... ; Reginald Heber Reginald Heber Reginald Heber was the Church of England's Bishop of Calcutta who is now remembered chiefly as a hymn-writer.-Life:Heber was born at Malpas in Cheshire... ; John Jebb; William Van Mildert William Van Mildert William Van Mildert was the last palatine Bishop of Durham , and one of the founders of the University of Durham... ; Richard Mant Richard Mant -Life:He was born at Southampton and educated at Winchester College and at Trinity College, Oxford.He was elected fellow of Oriel in 1798, and afterwards took orders, holding a curacy at Southampton in 1802... .
75	24 June 1836	On the Roman Breviary as embodying the substance of the Devotional Services of the Church Catholic.	Newman	Ad Clerum. Draft by Hurrell Froude
76	1840; 29 September 1836	Catena Patrum No. II. Testimony of Writers in the later English Church to the Doctrine of Baptismal Regeneration	Newman	Ad Populum. John Jewell John Jewell John Edmund Valentine Jewell was a cricketer who played 27 times for Orange Free State between 1910-11 and 1925-26. He also played a handful of times for Surrey's Second XI... ; Hooker; Andrewes; John Donne John Donne John Donne 31 March 1631), English poet, satirist, lawyer, and priest, is now considered the preeminent representative of the metaphysical poets. His works are notable for their strong and sensual style and include sonnets, love poetry, religious poems, Latin translations, epigrams, elegies, songs,... ; Richard Field Richard Field Richard Field was an English ecclesiological theologian associated with the work of Richard Hooker. Whereas Hooker, eight years Field's senior, had written his Lawes of Ecclesiastical Polity to defend conformity against non-conformity, Field's major work, Of the Church , was a defence of the... ; Thomas Jackson Thomas Jackson (theologian) Thomas Jackson was an English theologian, and President of Corpus Christi College, Oxford. Originally a Calvinist, he became in later life an Arminian.-Life:... ; Laud; John Bramhall John Bramhall John Bramhall was an Archbishop of Armagh, and an Anglican theologian and apologist. He was a noted controversialist who doggedly defended the English Church from both Puritan and Roman Catholic accusations, as well as the materialism of Thomas Hobbes.-Early life:Bramhall was born in Pontefract,... ; Hammond; Taylor; Heylin; Allestrie; Isaac Barrow Isaac Barrow Isaac Barrow was an English Christian theologian, and mathematician who is generally given credit for his early role in the development of infinitesimal calculus; in particular, for the discovery of the fundamental theorem of calculus. His work centered on the properties of the tangent; Barrow was... ; Herbert Thorndike Herbert Thorndike Herbert Thorndike was an English academic and clergyman, known as an orientalist and Canon of Westminster Abbey. He was an influential theological writer during the reigns of King Charles I and, after the Restoration, King Charles II... ; Pearson; Bull; Thomas Comber Thomas Comber (dean of Durham) -Life:From a family at Barkham, Sussex, his father, James Comber, was the fourth son of John Comber, who was uncle to Thomas Comber, dean of Carlisle. His mother was Mary, daughter of Bryan Burton of Westerham, Kent, and widow of Edward Hampden... ; Ken; Simon Patrick Simon Patrick Simon Patrick was an English theologian and bishop.-Life:He was born at Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, on 8 September 1626, and attended Boston Grammar School. He entered Queens College, Cambridge, in 1644, and after taking orders in 1651 became successively chaplain to Sir Walter St. John and vicar... ; Beveridge; Sharp; Scott; Robert Jenkin Robert Jenkin (theologian) Robert Jenkin was an English clergyman, a nonjuror of 1698, later Master of St. John's College, Cambridge, Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity, and opponent of John Locke.-Life:... ; Thomas Sherlock Thomas Sherlock Thomas Sherlock was a British divine who served as a Church of England bishop for 33 years. He is also noted in church history as an important contributor to Christian apologetics.-Life:... ; William Wall William Wall (theologian) William Wall was a British priest in the Church of England who wrote extensively on the doctrine of infant baptism. He was generally an apologist for the English church and sought to maintain peace between it and the Anabaptists.He was born in Kent, got his BA from Queen's College, Oxford in 1667... ; Potter; Nelson; Daniel Waterland Daniel Waterland Daniel Cosgrove Waterland was an English theologian.Daniel Waterland was born at Walesby Rectory, Lincolnshire, England, and educated in Lincoln and at Magdalene College, Cambridge, where he graduated BA in 1703 and MA in 1706... ; Kettlewell; Hickes; Johnson; Leslie; Wilson; Bingham; Skelton; Horne; Jones; Reginald Heber Reginald Heber Reginald Heber was the Church of England's Bishop of Calcutta who is now remembered chiefly as a hymn-writer.-Life:Heber was born at Malpas in Cheshire... ; Jebb; Van Mildert; Mant.
77	1 November 1836	An Earnest Remonstrance to the Author of 'The Pope's Letter.	Edward Pusey, reprinted.
78	2 February 1837	Catena Patrum. No. III. Testimony of Writers in the later English Church to the duty of maintaining, Quod semper, quod ubique, quod ab omnibus traditum est.	Henry Edward Manning and Charles Marriott Charles Marriott (Tractarian) Charles Marriott was an Anglican priest, a fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, and one of the members of the Oxford Movement. He was responsible for editing more than half of the volumes of their series of translations, the Library of the Fathers....	Ad Populum. The authors cited are: Jewell; Convocation of 1571; The Queen's Council of 1582; Bilson; Hooker; Convocation of 1603; John Overall John Overall (Bishop) John Overall was the 38th bishop of the see of Norwich from 1618 until his death one year later. He had previously served as Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield , as Dean of St Pauls Cathedral from 1601, as Master of Catharine Hall from 1598, and as Regius Professor of Divinity at Cambridge... ; Morton; Field; White; Hall; Laud; Richard Montagu Richard Montagu Richard Montagu was an English cleric and prelate.-Early life:He was born during Christmastide 1577 at Dorney, Buckinghamshire, where his father Laurence Mountague was vicar, and was educated at Eton. He was elected from Eton to a scholarship at King's College, Cambridge, and admitted on 24... ; Jackson; Mede; James Ussher James Ussher James Ussher was Church of Ireland Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland between 1625–56... ; Bramhall; Sanderson; John Cosin John Cosin John Cosin was an English churchman.-Life:He was born at Norwich, and was educated at Norwich grammar school and at Caius College, Cambridge, where he was scholar and afterwards fellow. On taking orders he was appointed secretary to Bishop Overall of Lichfield, and then domestic chaplain to... ; Hammond; Thorndike; Taylor; Heylin; Commissioners of 1662; Pearson; Barrow; Bull; Edward Stillingfleet Edward Stillingfleet Edward Stillingfleet was a British theologian and scholar. Considered an outstanding preacher as well as a strong polemical writer defending Anglicanism, Stillingfleet was known as "the beauty of holiness" for his good looks in the pulpit, and was called by John Hough "the ablest man of his... ; Ken; Beveridge; Patrick; Sharp; Potter; John Ernest Grabe John Ernest Grabe John Ernest Grabe , Anglican divine, was born at Königsberg, where his father, Martin Sylvester Grabe, was professor of theology and history.... ; Thomas Brett Thomas Brett (nonjuror) Thomas Brett was an English nonjuring clergyman known as an author.-Life:He was the son of Thomas Brett of Spring Grove, Wye, Kent. His father descended from a family settled at Wye; his mother was Letitia, daughter of John Boys of Betshanger, Sandwich, where Brett was born. He was educated at Wye... ; Hickes; Jeremy Collier Jeremy Collier Jeremy Collier was an English theatre critic, non-juror bishop and theologian.-Life:Born in Stow cum Quy, Cambridgeshire, Collier was educated at Caius College, University of Cambridge, receiving the BA and MA . A supporter of James II, he refused to take the oath of allegiance to William and... ; Leslie; Waterland; Bingham; Jebb; Van Mildert.
79	25 March 1837	On Purgatory (Against Romanism, No. III).	Newman	Ad Clerum.
80	[Undated]	On Reserve in communicating Religious Knowledge, Parts I-III.	Isaac Williams Isaac Williams The Reverend Isaac Williams was a prominent member of the Oxford Movement, a student and disciple of John Keble and, like the other members of the movement, associated with Oxford University...	This tract was criticised by James Henry Monk James Henry Monk James Henry Monk was an English divine and classical scholar.-Life:He was born at Buntingford, Hertfordshire. He was educated at Charterhouse School and Trinity College, Cambridge, and in 1809 was elected Regius Professor of Greek in succession to Porson. The establishment of the classical tripos... . Williams replied, taking the criticism to be hasty.
81	1 November 1837	Catena Patrum. No. IV. Testimony of Writers in the later English Church to the doctrine of the Eucharistic Sacrifice. with an historical account of the changes in the Liturgy as to the expression of that doctrine.	Edward Pusey	Authors cited: Jewell; Bilson; Hooker; Overall; Field; John Buckeridge John Buckeridge John Buckeridge was an English churchman.He was a son of William Buckeridge of Basildon, Berkshire, but was born in Wiltshire. He was educated at the Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood and at St John's College, Oxford, his maternal grandfather being cousin to the founder, Sir Thomas White... ; Thomas Morton Thomas Morton (bishop) Thomas Morton was an English churchman, bishop of several dioceses.-Early life:Morton was born in York on 20 March 1564. He was brought up and grammar school educated in the city and nearby Halifax. In 1582 he became a pensioner at St John's College, Cambridge from which he graduated with a BA in... ; Andrewes; Mason; Francis White; Laud; Hall; Montagu; William Forbes William Forbes (bishop) -Life:He was the son of Thomas Forbes, a burgess of Aberdeen, descended from the Corsindac branch of that house, by his wife, Janet, the sister of Dr. James Cargill. Born at Aberdeen in 1585, he was educated at the Marischal College, graduating A.M. in 1601. Very soon after he held the chair of... ; Mede; Brian Duppa Brian Duppa Brian Duppa was an English bishop, a noted Royalist and adviser to Charles I of England.-Life:He was educated at Westminster School and Christchurch, Oxford, graduating B.A. in 1609. He was a Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford in 1612, and Vice-Chancellor of the University of Oxford in 1632... ; Compilers of the Scotch Prayer Book; William Nicholson William Nicholson (bishop) William Nicholson was an English clergyman, a member of the Westminster Assembly and Bishop of Gloucester.-Life:The son of Christopher Nicholson, a rich clothier, he was born at Stratford St. Mary, Suffolk, on 1 November 1591. He became a chorister of Magdalen College, Oxford, in 1598, and... ; Bramhall; Cosin; Heylyn; Anthony Sparrow Anthony Sparrow Anthony Sparrow was an English Anglican priest. He was Bishop of Norwich and Bishop of Exeter.-Life:He was educated and became a fellow at Queens' College, Cambridge, and was ordained a priest in February 1635. He was an adherent to the Laudianism movement... ; Henry Ferne Henry Ferne -Life:Ferne was admitted to St Mary Hall, Oxford, in 1618, and to Trinity College, Cambridge in 1620. He graduated B.A. in 1623 and was elected fellow in 1624. He was awarded a D.D. at Cambridge in 1642... ; Hammond; Thomas Barlow Thomas Barlow (bishop) Thomas Barlow was an English academic and clergyman, who became Provost of The Queen's College, Oxford and Bishop of Lincoln. He was considered, in his own times and by Edmund Venables writing in the Dictionary of National Biography, to have been a trimmer, a reputation mixed in with his academic... ; Thorndike; Taylor; Daniel Brevint Daniel Brevint Daniel Brevint or Brevin was Dean of Lincoln from 1682 to 1695.-Life:Brevint was from the parish of Saint John, Jersey, Channel Islands and was the son and grandson of clergymen. He studied, like his father before him, at the Protestant University of Saumur, and graduated with a MA in 1634... ; William Sancroft William Sancroft William Sancroft was the 79th Archbishop of Canterbury.- Life :Sancroft was born at Ufford Hall in Fressingfield, Suffolk, son of Francis Sandcroft and Margaret Sandcroft née Butcher... ; Matthew Scrivener Matthew Scrivener Matthew Scrivener was an English colonist in Virginia. He served briefly as acting governor of Jamestown, when he was succeeded by Captain John Smith... ; John Fell John Fell (clergyman) John Fell was an English churchman and influential academic. He served as Dean of Christ Church, Oxford, and later concomitantly as Bishop of Oxford.-Education:... ; Patrick; Gabriel Towerson Gabriel Towerson -Life:He was the son of William Towerson, and probably was born in London about 1635. He was educated first at St Paul's School. He then went to The Queen's College, Oxford, where he was Pauline exhibitioner from 1650 to 1659. He matriculated on 27 February 1651, graduating B.A. on 17 June 1654 and... ; Bull; Stillingfleet; Smith; Beveridge; George Hooper George Hooper George Hooper was a learned and influential high churchman of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. He served as bishop of the Welsh diocese, St Asaph, and later for the diocese of Bath and Wells, as well as chaplain to members of the royal family.-Early life:George Hooper was born... ; Henry Dodwell Henry Dodwell Henry Dodwell was an Anglo-Irish scholar, theologian and controversial writer.-Life:He was born in Dublin, Ireland. His father, William Dodwell, lost his property in Connacht during the Irish rebellion and settled at York in 1648... ; Hickes; Comber; Collier; Nelson; Wake; Johnson; Wilson; Sherlock; Grabe; Leslie; Brett; Thomas Bennet Thomas Bennet Thomas Bennet was an English clergyman, known for controversial and polemical writings, and as a Hebraist.-Life:He was born at Salisbury, England, on 7 May 1673. and was educated at the free school there. He entered St John's College, Cambridge in 1688, before he was fifteen, took the degrees of... ; John Potter; John Hughes; Roger Laurence Roger Laurence Roger Laurence was an English nonjuring priest and controversialist.-Life:The son of Roger Laurence, armorer, he was born 18 March 1670, and admitted on the royal mathematical foundation to Christ's Hospital in April 1679, from the ward of St Botolph, Bishopsgate, on the presentation of Sir John... ; William Law William Law William Law was an English cleric, divine and theological writer.-Early life:Law was born at Kings Cliffe, Northamptonshire in 1686. In 1705 he entered as a sizar at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; in 1711 he was elected fellow of his college and was ordained... ; Charles Wheatley; Glocester Ridley Glocester Ridley -Life:Called 'Glocester' because he was born at sea in the Glocester East Indian in 1702, Glocester Ridley was a collateral descendant of Bishop Nicholas Ridley, and son of Matthew Ridley of Bencoolen, East Indies . He was educated at Winchester College, becoming scholar in 1718, when he was... ; Compilers of the American Prayer Book; William Jones of Nayland; Horsley; Charles Daubeny Charles Daubeny (archdeacon) Charles Daubeny was an English churchman and controversialist, who became archdeacon of Salisbury.-Life:The second son of George Daubeny, a Bristol merchant, he was baptized 16 August 1745, educated at a private school at Philip's Norton, and sent when 15 years old to Winchester College... ; Alexander Jolly Alexander Jolly Alexander Jolly was bishop of Moray, Ross and Caithness in the Scottish Episcopal Church.-Life:Born on 3 April 1756 at Stonehaven, Kincardineshire, he was educated at Marischal College, Aberdeen, was ordained deacon in the Scottish episcopal church on 1 July 1776, and admitted priest on 19 March... ; Henry Phillpotts Henry Phillpotts Henry Phillpotts , often called "Henry of Exeter", was the Anglican Bishop of Exeter from 1830 to 1869. He was England's longest serving bishop since the 14th century and a striking figure of the 19th century Church.- Early life :... . "[Pusey's] ‘Tracts’ on the holy eucharist appeared in 1836. Their primary object was to recall the attention of churchmen to the almost forgotten sacrificial aspect of the eucharist, as it was held by the early church and constantly asserted in the writings of the best Anglican divines. At the same time he was careful to guard his statements against any popular confusion with the distinctive doctrine of the Roman church."
82	1 November 1837	Preface, Title-Page, and Contents to Volume IV. The Preface includes Letter to a Magazine on the subject of Dr. Pusey's Tract on Baptism.	Newman
83	29 June 1838	Advent Sermons on Antichrist.	Newman
84	24 August 1838	Whether a Clergyman of the Church of England be now bound to have Morning and Evening Prayers daily in his Parish Church.	Thomas Keble Thomas Keble Thomas Keble was a Church of England clergyman, younger brother of John Keble. Keble was Vicar of Bisley, Gloucestershire from 1827 to 1873. He contributed four of the Tracts for the Times, three of them under a pseudonym also used by his brother, Richard Nelson.-Life:Keble was born at Fairford... , conclusion by George Prevost.
85	21 September 1838	Letters on the Scripture proof of the Doctrines of the Church. Part I.	Newman
86	25 March 1839	Indications of a superintending Providence in the preservation of the Prayer-book and in the changes which it has undergone.	Isaac Williams Isaac Williams The Reverend Isaac Williams was a prominent member of the Oxford Movement, a student and disciple of John Keble and, like the other members of the movement, associated with Oxford University...
87	2 February 1840	On Reserve in communicating Religious Knowledge (conclusion).	Isaac Williams Isaac Williams The Reverend Isaac Williams was a prominent member of the Oxford Movement, a student and disciple of John Keble and, like the other members of the movement, associated with Oxford University...	Ad Clerum.
88	25 March 1840	The Greek Devotions of Bishop Andrews, translated and arranged.	Newman
89	[Undated]	On the Mysticism Attributed to the Fathers of the Church.	John Keble John Keble John Keble was an English churchman and poet, one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement, and gave his name to Keble College, Oxford.-Early life:...	"...an attempted exposition of the “principles” governing patristic figurative exegesis of the Scriptures" It was attacked by Samuel Roffey Maitland Samuel Roffey Maitland Samuel Roffey Maitland was an English historian and miscellaneous writer on religious topics. He was in Anglican orders, and worked also as a librarian, barrister and editor.-Early life:...  in A letter to a friend, on the Tract for the times, no. 89 (1841).
90 Tract 90 Remarks on Certain Passages in the Thirty-Nine Articles, better known as Tract 90, was a theological pamphlet written by the English theologian and churchman John Henry Newman and published in 1841...	25 January 1841	Remarks on Certain Passages in the Thirty-Nine Articles	John Henry Newman	A protest within the University of Oxford was brought against Tract 90 by John Griffiths John Griffiths (academic) John Griffiths was an academic at the University of Oxford, where he was Warden of Wadham College and Keeper of the Archives.-Life:... , Thomas Churton, Henry Bristow Wilson Henry Bristow Wilson Henry Bristow Wilson was a theologian and a fellow of St John's College, Oxford.-Life:Born on 10 June 1803, he was elder son of Harry Bristow Wilson, by his wife Mary Anne, daughter of John Moore. He entered Merchant Taylors' School in October 1809, and was elected to St John's College, Oxford, in... , and Archibald Tait; the resulting furore eventually led the Bishop of Oxford to bring the series to a close.

Further publications

Two other ambitious projects of the Oxford Movement as a whole were conceived and launched in the same period: the Library of Anglo-Catholic Theology

Library of Anglo-Catholic Theology

The Library of Anglo-Catholic Theology was a series of 19th-century editions of theological works by Church of England writers, devoted as the title suggests to significant Anglo-Catholic figures...

that gave extensive republication to the works of the Caroline Divines

Caroline Divines

The Caroline Divines were influential theologians and writers in the Anglican Church who lived during the reigns of King Charles I and, after the Restoration, King Charles II . This is commonly considered a golden age of Anglican scholarship...

 and others who were cited in the Tracts; and the Library of the Fathers

Library of the Fathers

The Library of the Fathers, more properly A library of fathers of the holy Catholic church: anterior to the division of the East and West, was a series of around 50 volumes of the Church Fathers, annotated in English translation, published 1838 to 1881 by John Henry Parker...

. Isaac Williams

Isaac Williams

The Reverend Isaac Williams was a prominent member of the Oxford Movement, a student and disciple of John Keble and, like the other members of the movement, associated with Oxford University...

 with William John Copeland

William John Copeland

-Life:He was the son of William Copeland, surgeon, of Chigwell, Essex, where he was born on 1 September 1804. When eleven years old he was admitted at St Paul's School, London , and while there won the English verse prize and the high master's prize for the best Latin essay...

edited Plain Sermons by Contributors to the Tracts for the Times, in ten volumes, appearing from 1839 to 1848.

External links

• http://mb-soft.com/believe/txc/oxford.htm
• The Tractarian Critique of the Evangelical Church Invisible: Tracts 2, 11, 20 and 47 in Historical Context (PDF)
• Project Canterbury: Tracts for the Times