Traditional Thai musical instruments
Encyclopedia
Traditional Thai musical instruments are the musical instruments used in the traditional and classical music of Thailand
. They comprise a wide range of wind, string, and percussion instruments played by both the Thai
majority as well as the nation's ethnic minorities.
In the traditional Thai system of organology
, they are classified into four categories, by the action used in playing:
Traditional Thai musical instruments also are classified into four categories, by the region of Thailand
in which they are used.
(mai-ruak or mai-hia, mai-ku-khan)
Thailand
Thailand , officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula and Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the...
. They comprise a wide range of wind, string, and percussion instruments played by both the Thai
Thai people
The Thai people, or Siamese, are the main ethnic group of Thailand and are part of the larger Tai ethnolinguistic peoples found in Thailand and adjacent countries in Southeast Asia as well as southern China. Their language is the Thai language, which is classified as part of the Kradai family of...
majority as well as the nation's ethnic minorities.
In the traditional Thai system of organology
Organology
Organology is the science of musical instruments and their classification. It embraces study of instruments' history, instruments used in different cultures, technical aspects of how instruments produce sound, and musical instrument classification...
, they are classified into four categories, by the action used in playing:
- Plucking (plucked string instruments; , khrueang dit)
- Bowing (bowed string instruments; , khrueang si)
- Striking (percussion instruments and hammered dulcimer; , khrueang ti)
- Blowing (wind instruments; , khrueang pao)
String
Plucked
- GrajabpiGrajabpiThe grajabpi is a plucked, fretted lute of Thailand, used in central Thai classical music. It is made jackfruit or teak wood, and it has four strings in two courses that are plucked with a plectrum. It usually has a long decorative wooden "tail." It is one of the oldest Thai classical instruments...
(กระจับปี่) - ancient fretted lute - JakheJakheThe jakhe is a plucked zither used in Thai music. It is made of wood in a stylized crocodile shape and is approximately 20 cm high and 140 cm long. Its highest two strings are made of silk yarn or nylon and lowest is made of brass...
(จะเข้) - crocodile-shaped fretted floor zither with three strings - PhinPhinThe phin is a type of lute originating in Isan with a pear-shaped body played by mostly Ethnic Laotians in Thailand and Laos, having frets on the neck over which two or three metal strings run, plucked by pick of the right hand while playing.-External links:...
(พิณ) - three-stringed lute used in the Isan region of northeastern Thailand - Phin phia (พิณเพียะ) - chest-resonated stick zither played by the Lanna of northern Thailand
- Sueng (ซึง) - plucked lute from the Lanna region of northern Thailand
- Phin hai (พิณไห) or hai song (ไหซอง) - a set of earthenware jars with rubber bands stretched over the open mouths
Bowed
- Saw duangSaw duangThe saw duang is a bowed string instrument used in traditional Thai music. it has a higher pitch than a saw u. It has a hardwood soundbox covered on the playing end with python skin. It is held vertically and has two silk strings that are played with a bow. Like the saw u, the bow is between the...
(ซอด้วง) - higher two-string fiddle with hardwood body; used in classical music - Saw sam saiSaw sam saiThe saw sam sai is a traditional bowed string instrument of Thailand. Its body is made from a special type of coconut covered on one end with animal skin, and it has three silk strings...
(ซอสามสาย) - three-string spike fiddle with coconut shell body; used in classical music - Saw uSaw uThe saw u is a Thai bowed string instrument. It has a lower pitch than the saw duang and is the lowest sounding of the saw family. It has two strings and can produce 8 notes....
(ซออู้) - lower two-string fiddle with a coconut shell body; used in classical music - Saw pip (ซอปีบ or ซอปี๊บ) or saw krapong (ซอกระป๋อง)- two-string fiddles with body made from a metal can; used in the Isan region of northeast Thailand; saw krapong is smaller
- Saw bang (ซอบั้ง) - used in the Isan region of northeast Thailand
- Salo (สะล้อ) - three-string spike fiddle used in the Lanna region
Drums
- TaphonTaphonthumb|200px|taphonThe taphon is a traditional drum of Thailand. It is barrel-shaped with two heads, and is played by the hands and fingers of both hands, much like the more popular congas....
(ตะโพน) or klawng taphon (กลองตะโพน) - sacred barrel drum; played with the hands and used in the piphat ensemble - Taphon mon (ตะโพนมอญ) - large drum played with the hand,use in the piphat Mon
- Glong thadGlong thadGlong thad are large barrel drums used in the classical music of Thailand. They are played with large wooden sticks. They are usually played in a pair and used in the piphat ensemble....
(กลองทัด) - large drum played with sticks; usually played in a pair and used in the piphat ensemble - Rammana (รำมะนา) - frame drum; played with the hand
- Thon (โทน) - goblet drumGoblet drumThe goblet drum is a hand drum with a goblet shape used mostly in the Middle East, North Africa, and Eastern Europe....
; played with the hand - Glong thapGlong thapThe glong thap is a goblet-shaped drum used for providing the changes of rhythm and also for supporting rhythm of the Nora . Its length is about 40-50 cm. The body is made from heartwood of a jackfruit tree that has been carved into a goblet shape...
(กลองทับ) - goblet drum used primarily in southern Thai folk music - Glong khaekGlong khaekGlong khaek is a type of double-headed barrel drum used in Thai music.The instrument's name comes from glong and khaek . There are two types of glong khaek: glong khaek tua phu and glong khaek tua mia...
(กลองแขก) - barrel drum; played with the hands and generally played in pairs - Glong songnaGlong songnaGlong songna is a Thai barrel drum. Songna means "two faces," and the drum has two heads that are played with the hands. It is used primarily in the piphat ensemble.-External links:*-See also:*Traditional Thai musical instruments*Glong khaek...
(กลองสองหน้า) - barrel drum; played with the hands - Glong yaoGlong yaoGlong yao is a long drum used in Thailand. It is generally slung over the shoulder and played with the hands. It has a wooden body and a drumhead made from water buffalo skin, and is usually decorated with a colorful skirt. It is played in many festival parades in Thailand...
(กลองยาว) - long drum; played with the hands - Poengmang khok (เปิงมางคอก), or simply poengmang (เปิงมาง) - set of tuned drums used in the piphat mon
- Glong chatri (กลองชาตรี) - same Glong thad but smaller than,played with sticks,use in the piphat chatri
- Glong seng (กลองเส็ง), Glong ching (กลองจิ่ง), or Glong tae (กลองแตะ) - large drum played with sticks; generally played in pairs and used in competition in the Isan region of northeast Thailand, particularly by the Phu ThaiPhu Thai languagePhu Thai , also known as Phuu Thai, is the language of the Phutai people. It is a closely related language to the Tai Dam, and Tai Don, it is less well related to the Isan and the Lao languages.-Speakers:...
people
Gong chimes
- Khong wong lekKhong wong lekThe khong wong lek is a gong circle used in Thai classical music. It has 18 tuned bossed gongs, and is smaller and higher in pitch than the khong wong yai...
(ฆ้องวงเล็ก) - higher gong circle; comprises many small tuned bossed gongs mounted in a rattan frame - Khong wong yaiKhong wong yaiThe khong wong yai is a circle with gongs used in the music of Thailand. It has 16 tuned bossed gongs in a rattan frame and is played with two beaters.The player sits in the middle of the circle. It is used in the piphat ensemble to provide the skeletal melody the other instruments of the...
(ฆ้องวงใหญ่)- lower gong circle; comprises many small tuned bossed gongs mounted in a rattan frame - Khong monKhong monThe khong mon is a gong-circle instrument that is associated with the Mon people of mainland Southeast Asia. It produces the same range of pitches as the more common khong wong gong circle, but rather than resting on the ground, the wooden frame of the khong mon extends into the air in the shape...
(ฆ้องมอญ) - set of many small tuned bossed gongs arranged in vertical curved frame; usually primarily in funeral music - Khong rang (ฆ้องราง) - set of eight tuned gongs suspended horizontally in a straight frame; similar to the southern Philippine kulintangKulintangKulintang is a modern term for an ancient instrumental form of music composed on a row of small, horizontally-laid gongs that function melodically, accompanied by larger, suspended gongs and drums...
; rare
Keyboard
- RanatRanat (musical instrument)Ranat is the generic name for keyboard percussion instruments used in the music of Thailand. The bars of the various types of ranat may be made from hardwood or bamboo , metal , or, much more rarely, glass .-External...
(ระนาด) - trough-resonated keyboard percussion instrument; generally played with two mallets and used in Thai classical and theater music- Ranat ekRanat ekThe ranad ek is a Thai xylophone. It has 21 or 22 wooden bars suspended by cords over a boat-shaped trough resonator, and is played with two mallets. It is used as a leading instrument in the piphat ensemble....
(ระนาดเอก) - higher xylophone, with bars usually made of hardwood - Ranat thumRanat thumThe ranad thum is a low pitched xylophone used in the music of Thailand. It has 18 wooden keys, which are stretched over a boat-shaped trough resonator. Its shape looks like a ranad ek, but it is lower and wider...
(ระนาดทุ้ม) - lower xylophone, with bamboo or hardwood bars - Ranat ek lekRanat ek lekThe ranad ek lek is a metallophone used in the classical music of Thailand. It is the smaller of the two sizes of Thai metallophone; the larger one is called ranad thum lek....
(ระนาดเอกเหล็ก) - higher metallophoneMetallophoneA metallophone is any musical instrument consisting of tuned metal bars which are struck to make sound, usually with a mallet.Metallophones have been used in music for hundreds of years. There are several different types used in Balinese and Javanese gamelan ensembles, including the gendér, gangsa... - Ranat thum lekRanat thum lekThe ranad thum lek is a metallophone used in the classical music of Thailand. It is the larger of the two sizes of Thai metallophone; the smaller one is called ranat ek lek....
(ระนาดทุ้มเหล็ก) - lower metallophone - Ranat kaeoRanat kaeoThe ranad kaeo is a crystallophone consisting of struck glass bars of varying length, used in the classical music of Thailand. It is usually played with a soft padded mallet.-Related instruments:...
(ระนาดแก้ว) - crystallophoneCrystallophoneA crystallophone is a musical instrument that produces sound from glass.One of the best known crystallophones is the glass harmonica, a set of rotating glass bowls which produce eerie, clear tones when rubbed with a wet finger....
; very rare
- Ranat ek
- Pong langPong langThe pong lang is a log xylophone from the Isan region of northeast Thailand.The pong lang has 12 wooden bars that, with a strong rope, are tied together in a row at each end. The instrument can be played solo or in an ensemble...
(โปงลาง) - pentatonic log xylophone used in the Isan region
Gongs
- Khong chai (ฆ้องชัย), also called khong hui (ฆ้องหุ่ย) or khong mui (ฆ้องมุ่ย) - huge hanging bossed gong used for indicating time
- Khong mong (ฆ้องโหม่ง) or mong (โหม่ง) - medium-sized hanging bossed gong used in Thai ensembles
- Khong meng (ฆ้องเหม่ง) or khong kratae (ฆ้องกระแต) - small bossed gong used as a signaling device and in traditional parades with klawng yao
- Khong rao (ฆ้องราว) - three bossed gongs (small, medium, and large) suspended vertically in a wooden frame; rare
- Khong khu (ฆ้องคู่) - pair of small bossed gongs suspended horizontally in a wooden box; used in theater music and music of southern Thailand
- Wong khong chai (วงฆ้องชัย) - set of seven large bossed gongs suspended vertically in a circular frame; rare
Clappers
- Krap (กรับ) - clapper
- Krap phuang (กรับพวง) - bundle of hardwood and brass slats, tied together at one end
- Krap sepha (กรับเสภา) - pair of bamboo or hardwood sticks
Cymbals
- Ching (ฉิ่ง) - pair of small, thick cymbals joined by a cord; used to mark time
- Chap (ฉาบ) - pair of flat cymbals joined by a cord
- Chap lek (ฉาบเล็ก) - smaller
- Chap yai (ฉาบใหญ่) - larger
Shaken bamboo
- AngklungAngklungThe Angklung is a musical instrument made of two bamboo tubes attached to a bamboo frame. The tubes are carved to have a resonant pitch when struck and are tuned to octaves. The base of the frame is held in one hand, whilst the other hand shakes the instrument rapidly. This causes a repeating note...
(อังกะลุง) - set of tuned bamboo tubes mounted in a frame and shaken; generally played by a group. comes from Indonesia.
Bronze drums
- Mahorathuek (มโหระทึก) - bronze drum; dates back to the Dong Son cultureDong Son cultureThe Đông Sơn culture was a prehistoric Bronze Age age in Vietnam centered at the Red River Valley of northern Vietnam. At this time the first Vietnamese kingdoms of Văn Lang and Âu Lạc appeared...
of antiquity and today very rare
Traditional Thai musical instruments also are classified into four categories, by the region of Thailand
Thailand
Thailand , officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula and Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the...
in which they are used.
Flutes
- KhluiKhluiThe khlui is a vertical duct flute from Thailand. It is generally made of bamboo, though instruments are also made from hardwood or plastic...
(ขลุ่ย) - vertical ductFippleA fipple is a constricted mouthpiece common to many end-blown woodwind instruments, such as the tin whistle and the recorder. These instruments are known variously as fipple flutes, duct flutes, or tubular-ducted flutes.-How it works:...
flute made of bamboo, hardwood, or plastic- Khlui lib (ขลุ่ยหลิบ or ขลุ่ยหลีบ; treble); not commonly used
- Khlui phiang aw (ขลุ่ยเพียงออ; medium)
- Khlui u (ขลุ่ยอู้; bass); not commonly used
- WotWot (musical instrument)The wot or vot is a circular panpipe used in the traditional morlam music of Laos and the Isan region of northeastern Thailand. It is often a major component in pong lang ensembles....
(โหวด) - circular panpipePan fluteThe pan flute or pan pipe is an ancient musical instrument based on the principle of the closed tube, consisting usually of five or more pipes of gradually increasing length...
used in the IsanIsanIsan is the northeastern region of Thailand. It is located on the Khorat Plateau, bordered by the Mekong River to the north and east, by Cambodia to the southeast and the Prachinburi mountains south of Nakhon Ratchasima...
region of northeast Thailand. Play by holding between the hands, and while rotating, blow downwards into the pipes.
Free-reed
- Khaen (แคน) - mouth organ used in the Isan (northeastern) region
- Pi chumPi (instrument)Pi is the generic term for any of a variety of quadruple reed oboes used in the traditional music of Thailand. It is very similar in construction and playing technique to the Cambodian sralai.-Varieties:*Pi chawa *Pi klang...
(ปี่จุม; called ปี่ซอ pi so in northern Thailand) - free reed pipe used in the LannaLannaThe Kingdom of Lanna was a kingdom centered in present-day northern Thailand from the 13th to 18th centuries. The cultural development of the people of Lanna, the Tai Yuan people, had begun long before as successive Tai Yuan kingdoms preceded Lanna...
(northern) region - Gourd mouth organ - used by the Akha (called lachi), Lisu (called fulu), and LahuLahu peopleThe Lahu are an ethnic group of Southeast Asia and China.They are one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China, where about 450,000 live in Yunnan province. An estimated 150,000 live in Burma. In Thailand, Lahu are one of the six main hill tribes; their...
(called naw) peoples of the upland regions of northern Thailand - Jaw harp (called chongnong (จ้องหน่อง) in central Thailand and huen (หืน) in northeast Thailand) - played primarily among ethnic minoritiesEthnic groups in ThailandThailand is a country with many distinct ethnic groups, just like other countries, including the majority Thai and numerous hill tribes living primarily in the mountains of the north...
of northern Thailand, as well as by the people of the Isan region of northeast Thailand
Oboes
- PiPi (instrument)Pi is the generic term for any of a variety of quadruple reed oboes used in the traditional music of Thailand. It is very similar in construction and playing technique to the Cambodian sralai.-Varieties:*Pi chawa *Pi klang...
(ปี่) - quadruple- or double-reed oboe- Pi chanaiPi (instrument)Pi is the generic term for any of a variety of quadruple reed oboes used in the traditional music of Thailand. It is very similar in construction and playing technique to the Cambodian sralai.-Varieties:*Pi chawa *Pi klang...
(ปี่ไฉน) - possibly derived from the Indian shehnaiShehnaiThe shehnai, shahnai, shenai or mangal vadya, is an aerophonic instrument, a double reed conical oboe, common in North India, West India and Pakistan, made out of wood, with a metal flare bell at the end... - Pi chawaPi (instrument)Pi is the generic term for any of a variety of quadruple reed oboes used in the traditional music of Thailand. It is very similar in construction and playing technique to the Cambodian sralai.-Varieties:*Pi chawa *Pi klang...
(ปี่ชวา) - used to accompany Muay ThaiMuay ThaiMuay Thai is a combat sport from Thailand that uses stand-up striking along with various clinching techniques. It is similar to other Indochinese kickboxing systems, namely pradal serey from Cambodia, tomoi from Malaysia, lethwei from Myanmar and muay Lao from Laos... - Pi klangPi (instrument)Pi is the generic term for any of a variety of quadruple reed oboes used in the traditional music of Thailand. It is very similar in construction and playing technique to the Cambodian sralai.-Varieties:*Pi chawa *Pi klang...
(ปี่กลาง) - Pi monPi (instrument)Pi is the generic term for any of a variety of quadruple reed oboes used in the traditional music of Thailand. It is very similar in construction and playing technique to the Cambodian sralai.-Varieties:*Pi chawa *Pi klang...
(ปี่มอญ) - large double-reed oboe with detachable metal bell; used for funeral music - Pi naiPi (instrument)Pi is the generic term for any of a variety of quadruple reed oboes used in the traditional music of Thailand. It is very similar in construction and playing technique to the Cambodian sralai.-Varieties:*Pi chawa *Pi klang...
(ปี่ใน) - standard leading instrument used in the piphatPiphatA piphat is a kind of ensemble in the classical music of Thailand, which features wind and percussion instruments. It is considered the primary form of ensemble for the interpretation of the most sacred and "high-class" compositions of the Thai classical repertoire, including the Buddhist...
ensemble - Pi nokPi (instrument)Pi is the generic term for any of a variety of quadruple reed oboes used in the traditional music of Thailand. It is very similar in construction and playing technique to the Cambodian sralai.-Varieties:*Pi chawa *Pi klang...
(ปี่นอก)
- Pi chanai
Horns
- Trae (แตร) - metal horn
- Sang (สังข์) - conchConchA conch is a common name which is applied to a number of different species of medium-sized to large sea snails or their shells, generally those which are large and have a high spire and a siphonal canal....
shell horn; also called trae sang (แตรสังข์)
Central
- Saw sam saiSaw sam saiThe saw sam sai is a traditional bowed string instrument of Thailand. Its body is made from a special type of coconut covered on one end with animal skin, and it has three silk strings...
- Saw duangSaw duangThe saw duang is a bowed string instrument used in traditional Thai music. it has a higher pitch than a saw u. It has a hardwood soundbox covered on the playing end with python skin. It is held vertically and has two silk strings that are played with a bow. Like the saw u, the bow is between the...
- Saw uSaw uThe saw u is a Thai bowed string instrument. It has a lower pitch than the saw duang and is the lowest sounding of the saw family. It has two strings and can produce 8 notes....
- JakheJakheThe jakhe is a plucked zither used in Thai music. It is made of wood in a stylized crocodile shape and is approximately 20 cm high and 140 cm long. Its highest two strings are made of silk yarn or nylon and lowest is made of brass...
- KhluiKhluiThe khlui is a vertical duct flute from Thailand. It is generally made of bamboo, though instruments are also made from hardwood or plastic...
- PiPi (instrument)Pi is the generic term for any of a variety of quadruple reed oboes used in the traditional music of Thailand. It is very similar in construction and playing technique to the Cambodian sralai.-Varieties:*Pi chawa *Pi klang...
- Ranat ekRanat ekThe ranad ek is a Thai xylophone. It has 21 or 22 wooden bars suspended by cords over a boat-shaped trough resonator, and is played with two mallets. It is used as a leading instrument in the piphat ensemble....
- Ranat thumRanat thumThe ranad thum is a low pitched xylophone used in the music of Thailand. It has 18 wooden keys, which are stretched over a boat-shaped trough resonator. Its shape looks like a ranad ek, but it is lower and wider...
- Khong wong yaiKhong wong yaiThe khong wong yai is a circle with gongs used in the music of Thailand. It has 16 tuned bossed gongs in a rattan frame and is played with two beaters.The player sits in the middle of the circle. It is used in the piphat ensemble to provide the skeletal melody the other instruments of the...
- Khong wong lekKhong wong lekThe khong wong lek is a gong circle used in Thai classical music. It has 18 tuned bossed gongs, and is smaller and higher in pitch than the khong wong yai...
- Thon rammana
- Glong khaekGlong khaekGlong khaek is a type of double-headed barrel drum used in Thai music.The instrument's name comes from glong and khaek . There are two types of glong khaek: glong khaek tua phu and glong khaek tua mia...
- Glong songnaGlong songnaGlong songna is a Thai barrel drum. Songna means "two faces," and the drum has two heads that are played with the hands. It is used primarily in the piphat ensemble.-External links:*-See also:*Traditional Thai musical instruments*Glong khaek...
Northeast
- Huen - This drum is shaped like a drum that is used in the puangmangkog set. It is always played with a piphatPiphatA piphat is a kind of ensemble in the classical music of Thailand, which features wind and percussion instruments. It is considered the primary form of ensemble for the interpretation of the most sacred and "high-class" compositions of the Thai classical repertoire, including the Buddhist...
ensemble. - Khaen - mouth organ
- WotWot (musical instrument)The wot or vot is a circular panpipe used in the traditional morlam music of Laos and the Isan region of northeastern Thailand. It is often a major component in pong lang ensembles....
- a circular panpipe made of 6-9 various lengths of small bamboo pipes. Play by holding between the hands, and while rotating, blow downwards into the pipes.
(mai-ruak or mai-hia, mai-ku-khan)
- PhinPhinThe phin is a type of lute originating in Isan with a pear-shaped body played by mostly Ethnic Laotians in Thailand and Laos, having frets on the neck over which two or three metal strings run, plucked by pick of the right hand while playing.-External links:...
- a fretted, plucked lute - Pong langPong langThe pong lang is a log xylophone from the Isan region of northeast Thailand.The pong lang has 12 wooden bars that, with a strong rope, are tied together in a row at each end. The instrument can be played solo or in an ensemble...
- log xylophone played by two players with hard stick. Its shape is like a xylophone consisting of 15 wooden bars stringed together - JakheJakheThe jakhe is a plucked zither used in Thai music. It is made of wood in a stylized crocodile shape and is approximately 20 cm high and 140 cm long. Its highest two strings are made of silk yarn or nylon and lowest is made of brass...
(Kabue) - one of the important instruments in the mahori khamen ensemble. It has three strings - GrajabpiGrajabpiThe grajabpi is a plucked, fretted lute of Thailand, used in central Thai classical music. It is made jackfruit or teak wood, and it has four strings in two courses that are plucked with a plectrum. It usually has a long decorative wooden "tail." It is one of the oldest Thai classical instruments...
- The krachappi is a plucked stringed instrument. Its turtle shape sound box is made of jackfruit wood - Saw kantruem - a bowed string instrument with a wooden soundbox, the head of which is covered with snakeskin.
- Glong kantruem - a single-headed drum
- Pi salai - a double-reed oboe accompanied with kantrumKantrumKantrum is a type of folk music played by the Khmer in Isan, Thailand, living near the border with Cambodia. It is a fast, traditional dance music. In its purest form, cho-kantrum, singers, percussion and fiddles dominate the sound. A more modern form using electric instrumentation arose in the...
ensemble - Krap khu - a pair of hard wooden bars two pairs made a set, played with both hands as percussion in "Kantruem ensemble".
North
- Salo - a bowed fiddle with three strings and a free bow. The resonator is made of coconut shell cut off on one side.
- Sueng - is a plucked string instrument, made of teak or hardwood. A round sound hole is cut on the top soundboard.
- KhluiKhluiThe khlui is a vertical duct flute from Thailand. It is generally made of bamboo, though instruments are also made from hardwood or plastic...
- The same as the Central Thai khlui. - Pi chum (called pi so in northern Thailand) - a free reed pipe made of bamboo, with a single metal reed
- Pi nae - a double reed oboe that resembles the saranai or chani but larger in size; it is made of wood and usually accompanies the large gong.
- Phin phia - or sometimes simply called "pia" or "phia". The body is made from a coconut shell.
- Glong teng thing - Klong Teng-thing is a two faced tabular drum and used as one of percussive instrument.
- Talotpot - or Malotpot is a two-faced tubular drum of 100 centimeters long.
- Glong tingnong - The biggest and longest drum with one face made of hide about 3–4 metres long.
- Glong sabat chai - The most famous drum in northern, hanging on the double wooden bars carried by men
South
- Thap - The goblet-shaped drum used for providing the changes of rhythm and also for supporting rhythm of the Nora (Southern dance drama).
- Glong nora - Klong nora or Klong nang: a barrel-shaped drum used to accompany the Nora dance or the Nang talung (Shadow puppet) performance
- Mong ching - Mong and Ching: two important percussion instruments used fo accompanying the Nora dance (dance drama) and the Nang talung (shadow puppet) performance.
- Khong khu - pair of small bossed gongs suspended horizontally in a wooden box; used in theater music and music of southern Thailand
- PiPi (instrument)Pi is the generic term for any of a variety of quadruple reed oboes used in the traditional music of Thailand. It is very similar in construction and playing technique to the Cambodian sralai.-Varieties:*Pi chawa *Pi klang...
- a quadruple-reed oboe type with six finger holes producing at least three octaves of pitches range. - Trae phuang - Trae phuang or Krap phung: a percussion used to provide rhythmic punctuation of the Nora ensemble.
See also
- Thai musical instruments category at Thai Wikipedia
- Music of ThailandMusic of ThailandThe music of Thailand reflects its geographic position at the intersection of China and India, and reflects trade routes that have historically included Persia, Africa, Greece and Rome...