Transcytosis
Encyclopedia
Transcytosis is the process by which various macromolecules are transported across the interior of a cell
. Vesicles
are employed to intake the macromolecules on one side of the cell, draw them across the cell, and eject them on the other side. While transcytosis is most commonly observed in cells of an epithelium
, the process is also present elsewhere. Blood capillaries are a well-known site for transcytosis, though it occurs in other cells, including neurons, osteoclast
s and intestinal cells.
Eg : Insulin and Antibodies.
Cell (biology)
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms. It is the smallest unit of life that is classified as a living thing, and is often called the building block of life. The Alberts text discusses how the "cellular building blocks" move to shape developing embryos....
. Vesicles
Vesicle (biology)
A vesicle is a bubble of liquid within another liquid, a supramolecular assembly made up of many different molecules. More technically, a vesicle is a small membrane-enclosed sack that can store or transport substances. Vesicles can form naturally because of the properties of lipid membranes , or...
are employed to intake the macromolecules on one side of the cell, draw them across the cell, and eject them on the other side. While transcytosis is most commonly observed in cells of an epithelium
Epithelium
Epithelium is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissues line the cavities and surfaces of structures throughout the body, and also form many glands. Functions of epithelial cells include secretion, selective...
, the process is also present elsewhere. Blood capillaries are a well-known site for transcytosis, though it occurs in other cells, including neurons, osteoclast
Osteoclast
An osteoclast is a type of bone cell that removes bone tissue by removing its mineralized matrix and breaking up the organic bone . This process is known as bone resorption. Osteoclasts were discovered by Kolliker in 1873...
s and intestinal cells.
Eg : Insulin and Antibodies.