Transport in Greater Osaka
Encyclopedia
Transport in Keihanshin is much like that of the Tokyo
, includes public and private rail and highway networks; airports for international, domestic, and general aviation; buses; motorcycle delivery services, walking, bicycling, and commercial shipping. The nexus is in the central part of Osaka
, though Kobe
and Kyoto
are major centers in their own right. Every part of Keihanshin has rail or road transport services. The sea and air transport is available from limited number of ports for general public.
Public transport
within Keihanshin is dominated by an extensive public transit system, beginning with an urban rail network second only to that of Greater Tokyo, consisting of over seventy railway lines of surface trains and subways run by numerous operators; buses, monorails, and trams support the primary rail network. Over 13 million people use the public transit system daily as their primary means of travel. Like Tokyo, walking and bicycling are much more common than in many cities around the globe. Trips by bicycle (including joint trips with railway) in Osaka is at 32.3% with railway trips having the highest share at 36.2%. Private automobiles and motorcycles play a secondary role in urban transport with private automobiles only having a 9.5% modal share in Osaka.
Kansai International Airport
, the main international airport in the region. Kobe Airport
is the region's newest airport, and has mostly domestic services, with a few international charter flights.
serves the area's general aviation needs. Still further across Osaka Bay into Shikoku lies Tokushima Airport
, also capable of handling large planes, and a possible alternative airport for the region. (for evacuation, disaster relief, emergency landings, cargo, overload etc.).
There are also a number of JASDF
military facilities.
, few free maps exist of the entire network, most show only the stations of a particular company, and whole network (See this map of Keihanshin's rail network) often are confusing simply because they are so large. In addition to above-ground and below-ground rail lines, the Sanyō
and Tōkaidō Shinkansen serve as the backbone of intercity rail transport.
Hankai Tramway
Hankyu Railway
Keihan Electric Railway
Note above table does not yet include figures for Kobe Municipal Subway, Kitakyu, Kobe New Transit, Kobe Rapid, Nosenden, or Shintetsu.
's international ferry connections are far greater than Tokyo
's, mostly due to geography. There are international ferries that leave Osaka for Shanghai
, Korea
, and until recently Taiwan
. Osaka's domestic ferry services include regular service to ports such as Shimonoseki, Kagoshima, and Okinawa.
, were once quite popular in the 1990s, but have declined in popularity as people reverted to using bicycles and walking for short trips, and cars for longer ones. They are commonly used by individuals for buying groceries and short in town trips, as well as commercially for delivery of small items by food or household delivery services.
Tokyo
, ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family...
, includes public and private rail and highway networks; airports for international, domestic, and general aviation; buses; motorcycle delivery services, walking, bicycling, and commercial shipping. The nexus is in the central part of Osaka
Osaka
is a city in the Kansai region of Japan's main island of Honshu, a designated city under the Local Autonomy Law, the capital city of Osaka Prefecture and also the biggest part of Keihanshin area, which is represented by three major cities of Japan, Kyoto, Osaka and Kobe...
, though Kobe
Kobe
, pronounced , is the fifth-largest city in Japan and is the capital city of Hyōgo Prefecture on the southern side of the main island of Honshū, approximately west of Osaka...
and Kyoto
Kyoto
is a city in the central part of the island of Honshū, Japan. It has a population close to 1.5 million. Formerly the imperial capital of Japan, it is now the capital of Kyoto Prefecture, as well as a major part of the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan area.-History:...
are major centers in their own right. Every part of Keihanshin has rail or road transport services. The sea and air transport is available from limited number of ports for general public.
Public transport
Public transport
Public transport is a shared passenger transportation service which is available for use by the general public, as distinct from modes such as taxicab, car pooling or hired buses which are not shared by strangers without private arrangement.Public transport modes include buses, trolleybuses, trams...
within Keihanshin is dominated by an extensive public transit system, beginning with an urban rail network second only to that of Greater Tokyo, consisting of over seventy railway lines of surface trains and subways run by numerous operators; buses, monorails, and trams support the primary rail network. Over 13 million people use the public transit system daily as their primary means of travel. Like Tokyo, walking and bicycling are much more common than in many cities around the globe. Trips by bicycle (including joint trips with railway) in Osaka is at 32.3% with railway trips having the highest share at 36.2%. Private automobiles and motorcycles play a secondary role in urban transport with private automobiles only having a 9.5% modal share in Osaka.
Primary
Osaka Airport (Itami Airport) is the main domestic airport, and busiest, followed byKansai International Airport
Kansai International Airport
is an international airport located on an artificial island in the middle of Osaka Bay, southwest of Ōsaka Station, located within three municipalities, including Izumisano , Sennan , and Tajiri , in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. The airport is off the Honshu shore. The airport serves as an...
, the main international airport in the region. Kobe Airport
Kobe Airport
is an airport on an artificial island just off the coast of Kobe, south of Sannomiya Station Japan. It primarily handles domestic flights, but can also accommodate international charter flights. In the first year of operation the airport handled 2,697,000 passengers with an average load factor of...
is the region's newest airport, and has mostly domestic services, with a few international charter flights.
Secondary
Yao AirportYao Airport
is a general aviation airport in Yao, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. Located southeast of Ōsaka Station, it is also an airbase for the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force...
serves the area's general aviation needs. Still further across Osaka Bay into Shikoku lies Tokushima Airport
Tokushima Airport
is an airport in Matsushige, Tokushima, Japan, near the city of Tokushima.In addition to scheduled passenger operations, the airport is the base of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force Tokusima Air Training Group of 202 Air Training Squadron equipped with Beechcraft TC-90, and UH-60J Search and...
, also capable of handling large planes, and a possible alternative airport for the region. (for evacuation, disaster relief, emergency landings, cargo, overload etc.).
There are also a number of JASDF
Japan Air Self-Defense Force
The , or JASDF, is the aviation branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces responsible for the defense of Japanese airspace and other aerospace operations. The JASDF carries out combat air patrols around Japan, while also maintaining an extensive network of ground and air early warning radar systems...
military facilities.
Rail
The rail network in Keihanshin is very dense, with the average number of daily passengers topping 13 million. Railway usage and density is similar to that of Greater Tokyo, despite the smaller population base of Keihanshin, like in TokyoTokyo
, ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family...
, few free maps exist of the entire network, most show only the stations of a particular company, and whole network (See this map of Keihanshin's rail network) often are confusing simply because they are so large. In addition to above-ground and below-ground rail lines, the Sanyō
Sanyō Shinkansen
The is a line of the Japanese Shinkansen high-speed rail network, connecting Shin-Ōsaka in Osaka with Hakata Station in Fukuoka, the two largest cities in western Japan...
and Tōkaidō Shinkansen serve as the backbone of intercity rail transport.
List of operating passenger rail lines
- West Japan Railway Company (JR West)West Japan Railway Company, also referred to as , is one of the Japan Railways Group companies and operates in western Honshū. It has its headquarters in Kita-ku, Osaka.-History:...
- High speed rail
- Sanyō ShinkansenSanyō ShinkansenThe is a line of the Japanese Shinkansen high-speed rail network, connecting Shin-Ōsaka in Osaka with Hakata Station in Fukuoka, the two largest cities in western Japan...
- Sanyō Shinkansen
- IntercityIntercityIntercity or Inter-city means "between cities". It can refer to inter-city transportation by rail, bus, truck or airline. There are many transport companies with Intercity or Inter-city as their brand.* Inter-city rail services...
of JR West- Tōkaidō Main LineTokaido Main LineThe is the busiest trunk line of the Japan Railways Group , connecting Tōkyō and Kōbe stations. It is long, not counting its many freight feeder lines around the major cities...
- ●Biwako Line
- ●JR Kyoto LineJR Kyoto LineThe is the common name of a portion of the Tōkaidō Main Line, between Kyoto Station and Osaka Station. The line is one of commuter rail lines and services in Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Metropolitan Area, owned and operated by West Japan Railway Company ....
- ●JR Kobe LineJR Kobe LineThe is the nickname of portions of the Tōkaidō Main Line and the Sanyō Main Line, between Osaka Station in Osaka, Osaka Prefecture and Himeji Station in Himeji, Hyōgo Prefecture...
- Sanyō Main Line
- ●JR Kobe LineJR Kobe LineThe is the nickname of portions of the Tōkaidō Main Line and the Sanyō Main Line, between Osaka Station in Osaka, Osaka Prefecture and Himeji Station in Himeji, Hyōgo Prefecture...
- ●JR Kobe Line
- Fukuchiyama LineFukuchiyama LineThe is a railway line of West Japan Railway between Osaka and Fukuchiyama, Japan. Within JR West's "Urban Network" covering the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan region, the line from Osaka to Sasayamaguchi is also called the JR Takarazuka Line...
- ●JR Takarazuka Line
- Hokuriku Main LineHokuriku Main LineThe is a 358.3 kilometer line of the West Japan Railway Company from Maibara Station in Maibara, Shiga to Naoetsu Station in Jōetsu, Niigata. It serves the Hokuriku region on the northern central coast of Honshū, the largest island of Japan, as well as offering connections to the regions of...
- ●Biwako Line shared with Tokaido Main Line
- Kansai Main LineKansai Main LineThe is a Japanese railway line which connects Nagoya Station with JR Namba Station in Osaka. It is jointly run by the Central Japan Railway Company and the West Japan Railway Company with the boundary between both companies being located at Kameyama Station in Kameyama, Mie Prefecture.The section...
- ●Yamatoji LineYamatoji LineThe is the common name of the western portion of the Kansai Main Line, and the name has been used since March 13, 1988. The electrified portion is one of commuter rail lines and services in Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Metropolitan Area, owned and operated by West Japan Railway Company...
- ●Yamatoji Line
- Kakogawa LineKakogawa LineThe is a railway line in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan operated by West Japan Railway Company , which connects the cities of Kakogawa and Tamba....
- Kisei Main Line
- Kinokuni Line
- Sanin Main Line
- ●Sagano LineSagano LineThe is the popular name for a portion of the Sanin Main Line in the suburbs of Kyoto, Japan. The electrified and double-tracked railway is a commuter rail line in the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Metropolitan Area, owned and operated by West Japan Railway Company . The line starts at Kyoto Station and ends at...
- ●Sagano Line
- Tōkaidō Main Line
- Urban Network of JR West
- Akō LineAko Lineis a railway line of West Japan Railway Company between Aioi, Hyōgo Prefecture to Okayama, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. A branch line off the Sanyō Main Line, Akō Line originates at Aioi, runs south of the main line along the Seto Inland Sea, and rejoins the main line at Higashi-Okayama.The entire ...
- Biwako Line
- ●Hanwa LineHanwa LineThe is one of commuter rail lines and services in Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Metropolitan Area, owned and operated by West Japan Railway Company. The line runs between Osaka and Wakayama, Japan and has a 1.7-kilometre branchline in Osaka suburb....
- Kansai Airport LineKansai Airport LineThe is a railway line between Hineno Station and Kansai Airport Station, Japan, operated by the West Japan Railway Company and owned by Kansai International Airport Co., Ltd. between Rinkū Town and Kansai Airport...
- ●Katamachi Line (Gakkentoshi Line)
- JR Kobe LineJR Kobe LineThe is the nickname of portions of the Tōkaidō Main Line and the Sanyō Main Line, between Osaka Station in Osaka, Osaka Prefecture and Himeji Station in Himeji, Hyōgo Prefecture...
- ●Kosei LineKosei LineThe is one of commuter rail lines and services in Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Metropolitan Area, operated by West Japan Railway Company. The line was completed in 1974 by the former Japanese National Railways to provide faster access from the Kansai region to the Hokuriku region...
- JR Kyoto LineJR Kyoto LineThe is the common name of a portion of the Tōkaidō Main Line, between Kyoto Station and Osaka Station. The line is one of commuter rail lines and services in Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Metropolitan Area, owned and operated by West Japan Railway Company ....
- Nara LineNara LineThe is a commuter rail line in the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan area, operated by the West Japan Railway Company . Its official termini are Kizu Station in Kizugawa and Kyōto Station in Kyoto, within Kyoto Prefecture; however, all trains continue past Kizu on the Yamatoji Line to Nara Station in...
- ●Osaka Loop LineOsaka Loop LineThe is a railway line in Japan operated by West Japan Railway Company . It encircles central Osaka.The second loop line, the Osaka Higashi Line, from Hanaten to Kyuhoji was opened on March 15, 2008, and the line from Shigino to Shin-Ōsaka is planned to open in 2020.-Outline:This loop line consists...
- ●Osaka Higashi Line
- Sagano LineSagano LineThe is the popular name for a portion of the Sanin Main Line in the suburbs of Kyoto, Japan. The electrified and double-tracked railway is a commuter rail line in the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Metropolitan Area, owned and operated by West Japan Railway Company . The line starts at Kyoto Station and ends at...
- Sakurai Line (Man-yo Mahoroba Line)Sakurai LineThe is a railway line in Nara Prefecture, operated by West Japan Railway Company . It runs from Nara on the Yamatoji Line to Takada on the Wakayama Line, with some service continuing on the Wakayama Line to Ōji Station, and then to JR Namba on the Yamatoji Line...
- Sakurajima Line (JR Yumesaki Line)Sakurajima LineThe is a railway line in Osaka, Japan, operated by West Japan Railway Company running from Nishikujō Station to Sakurajima Station. It is also referred to as the...
- JR Takarazuka Line
- ●JR Tōzai LineJR Tozai Lineis one of several Metro / commuter rail lines and services in Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Metropolitan Area, operated by West Japan Railway Company. The line, whose name literally means "east-west", runs underground through central Osaka and connects the Gakkentoshi Line at Kyobashi Station in Osaka and the...
- Yamatoji LineYamatoji LineThe is the common name of the western portion of the Kansai Main Line, and the name has been used since March 13, 1988. The electrified portion is one of commuter rail lines and services in Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Metropolitan Area, owned and operated by West Japan Railway Company...
- Wakayama LineWakayama LineThe is a railway line that links Nara Prefecture to Wakayama Prefecture in Japan, operated by West Japan Railway Company . It runs from Ōji Station on the Yamatoji Line to Wakayama Station on the Hanwa Line and Kisei Main Line, with through train service to JR Namba via the Yamatoji Line and to...
- Akō Line
- High speed rail
- JR CentralCentral Japan Railway CompanyThe is the main railway company operating in the Chūbu region of central Japan. It is officially abbreviated in English as JR Central and in Japanese as . Its headquarters are located in the JR Central Towers in Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture.The company's operational hub is Nagoya Station...
- High speed rail
- Hanshin Electric RailwayHanshin Electric Railwayis a Japanese private railway company of Hankyu Hanshin Toho Group that links Osaka and Kobe. It also owns the Hanshin Tigers baseball team.The second character for Osaka and the first character for Kobe combine to form the company name, 阪神, which can be read Han-shin.IC cards are accepted when...
- Hanshin Namba Line
- Mukogawa LineHanshin Mukogawa Lineis a branch line of the Hanshin Electric Railway Main Line in Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan.-Stations:...
Hankai Tramway
is a company which owns two tramway lines in the cities of Osaka and Sakai, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. The parent company is Nankai Electric Railway Co., Ltd.-Now owned:*Hankai Line 14.1 km...
- Hankai LineHankai LineThe is a tramway in the cities of Osaka and Sakai, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. Hankai Tramway Co., Ltd. owns and operates the line.The line's name comes from and ....
- Uemachi LineHankai Uemachi LineThe is a tramway line of Hankai Tramway Co., Ltd. in Osaka, Japan.-History:*September 20, 1900 - Osaka Horse Rail Co. from Tennoji-nishimon-mae to Higashi-Tengachaya was opened....
Hankyu Railway
is a Japanese private railway that provides commuter and interurban service to the northern Kansai region and is one of major businesses operated by Hankyu Hanshin Holdings, Inc. The railway's main terminal is at Umeda Station in Osaka...
- ●Kobe LineHankyu Kobe LineThe of Hankyu Railway is one of the three major commuter heavy rail line in the Keihanshin conurbation of Japan. It links the urban centres of Osaka and Kobe by connecting the major stations of Umeda in Osaka and Sannomiya in Kobe....
- Itami LineHankyu Itami LineThe is a railway line of Hankyu Railway in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. The line starts from Tsukaguchi Station in the city of Amagasaki and finishes at Itami Station in the city of Itami...
- Imazu LineHankyu Imazu LineThe is a 9.3 km long commuter rail in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan owned and operated by Hankyu Railway. It is the longest of three branchlines of the Hankyu Kobe Line. The line connects the cities of Nishinomiya and Takarazuka.-Operation:...
- Kōyō LineHankyū Kōyō LineThe is a railway line of Hankyu Railway in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. The line starts from Shukugawa Station and finishes at Kōyōen Station both in the city of Nishinomiya. It stretches 2.2 km.- Stations :All stations are within Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture....
- Kōbe Kōsoku LineTozai Line (Kobe)The Tōzai Line is one of two lines of Kobe Rapid Transit Railway, and operated by Hanshin Railway and Hankyu Railway. Trains from Hanshin, Hankyu and Sanyo railways enter this line....
- Itami Line
- ●Takarazuka Line
- Minoo LineHankyu Minoo LineThe Hankyū Minoo Line is a Japanese railway line run by Hankyu Railway which links Ishibashi Station in Ikeda and Minoo. Its main function is to provide access to Osaka, but this requires a transfer except during commute hours....
- Minoo Line
- ●Kyoto Line
- Senri LineHankyu Senri Lineis a railway line of Hankyu Railway. It was completed on March 1, 1967. There are through trains to and from the Kyoto Line and the Osaka Municipal Subway Sakaisuji Line.-Stations:-Abandoned stations:...
- Arashiyama LineHankyu Arashiyama Lineis a railway line in Kyoto, Japan, operated by Hankyu Railway. It runs between Katsura and Arashiyama on the west side of the city, connecting the area along the line to the Hankyū Kyōto Main Line that runs east to central Kyoto and south to Osaka....
- Senri Line
Keihan Electric Railway
is a Japanese railway operator in Osaka, Kyoto, and Shiga Prefectures. It is known as , or .-History:Keihan started its operation between Osaka and Kyoto in 1910. It was the first electric railway to connect these two cities, and the first line on the left bank of Yodo River...
- Keihan Main Line
- Ōtō LineKeihan Oto LineThe is a railway line in Kyoto that opened on October 5, 1989 as a branch of the Keihan Electric Railway. The Ōtō Line re-established a rail connection between the Keihan Main Line and the Eizan Electric Railway, which had been severed when the Kyoto City streetcars ceased running in 1978.The...
- Nakanoshima LineKeihan Nakanoshima LineThe is a railway line operated by the Keihan Electric Railway in Osaka, Japan. It opened on October 19, 2008.-Services:The following services operate on the Nakanoshima Line, through-running to/from the Keihan Main Line...
- Katano Line
- Uji LineKeihan Uji Lineis a 7.6-km long commuter rail line of Keihan Electric Railway, with formal name Uji Line. It runs between Chushojima Station on Keihan Main Line in Fushimi, Kyoto and Uji Station in Uji, Kyoto, with an adjacent route to the JR Nara Line. Only local trains are operated.The line opened on June 1,...
- Ōtō Line
- Keishin LineKeihan Keishin LineThe is an interurban railway line of Keihan Electric Railway.The 7.5 km line starts from Misasagi Station in Kyoto and ends at Hamaōtsu Station in neighbouring city of Ōtsu.-History:...
- Ishiyama Sakamoto Line
- KintetsuKintetsu, named Kinki Nippon Railway Co., Ltd. in English until June 27, 2003, is a Japanese rail transit corporation commonly known as . It is the largest non-JR railway in Japan. Its complex network of lines connects Osaka, Kyoto, Nara, Nagoya, Tsu and Ise...
- Osaka Line
- Shigi LineKintetsu Shigi LineThe is a railway line operated by Kinki Nippon Railway . The line stretches from Kawachi-Yamamoto Station to Shigisanguchi Station. The entire line is located in the city of Yao, and is 2.8 km long...
- Shigi Line
- Nara Line
- Namba LineKintetsu Namba Lineis an underground railway line of Kintetsu Corporation in Osaka, Japan opened in 1970. It is an extension of the Osaka Line and the Nara Line. The line is parallel to the Osaka Municipal Subway Sennichimae Line...
- Ikoma LineKintetsu Ikoma LineThe is a railway line of Kintetsu Corporation in Nara Prefecture, Japan between Ikoma Station in the city of Ikoma and Ōji Station in the town of Ōji. Having a total length of 12.4 km, the entirely electrified standard gauge line is partially double-tracked...
- Namba Line
- Kyoto Line
- Kashihara LineKintetsu Kashihara Lineof Kintetsu Corporation is a north-south bound railway line between Yamato-Saidaiji Station and Kashiharajingu-mae Station in Nara Prefecture, in Japan...
- Tenri LineKintetsu Tenri LineThe is a railway line of Kintetsu Corporation in Nara Prefecture, Japan connecting Hirahata Station in Yamato-Kōriyama and Tenri Station in Tenri.The line has four stations including the terminal Tenri and the transfer station Hirahata...
- Tawaramoto LineKintetsu Tawaramoto LineThe is a railway line of the Japanese private railway company Kintetsu, connecting Shin-Ōji Station and Nishi-Tawaramoto Station in Japan....
- Tenri Line
- Keihanna LineKintetsu Keihanna Lineis a railway line owned by Kintetsu Corporation. There are through trains to the Chūō Line of Osaka Municipal Subway. The line name derives from a kanji acronym formed from Kyoto , Osaka , and Nara , however the line is written in hiragana.The line is the sole Kintetsu line with a third rail...
- Minami-Osaka Line
- Yoshino LineKintetsu Yoshino Lineof Kintetsu Corporation is a railway line in Japan between Kashihara-Jingūmae Station in Kashihara and Yoshino in Yoshino. All Express and Limited Express trains terminate at the Ōsaka Abenobashi Station in Minami-Osaka Line.-Statistics:* Length: 25.2km...
- Domyoji Line
- Nagano Line
- Gose LineKintetsu Gose LineThe is a railway line of Kintetsu Corporation in Nara Prefecture, Japan connecting Shakudo Station in Katsuragi and Kintetsu Gose Station in Gose.The line has four stations including the terminal Gose and the transfer station Shakudo. It is mainly used by commuters to Osaka, as well as those who...
- Yoshino Line
- Osaka Line
- Kintetsu owned, but different operator
- Iga LineIga Railway Iga LineThe is a railway line in Iga, Mie Prefecture, Japan. The line connects Iga-Ueno Station and Iga-Kambe Station.The track and trains are owned by Kintetsu Corporation, and the trains are operated by .-Current section:-Closed stations:...
- Iga Line
- Nankai Electric RailwayNankai Electric Railwayis a private railway in Japan. IC cards are accepted.Nankai Railway Company was founded on June 16, 1884, then became one of the companies that merge to form Kinki Nippon Railway Co., Ltd. in 1944. However Kin-nichi transferred the former Nankai Railway Company Lines to present Nankai Electric...
- Nankai Main Line
- Takashinohama LineNankai Takashinohama Lineis a railway line in Osaka Prefecture owned by Nankai Electric Railway. This line joins the Nankai Main Line.-Stations:...
- Airport LineNankai Airport LineThe is a railroad route of the Nankai Electric Railway which connects Izumisano and Kansai International Airport and owned by Kansai International Airport Co., Ltd. between Rinkū Town and Kansai Airport. It opened on June 15, 1994....
- Tanagawa LineNankai Tanagawa Lineis a railway line in Osaka Prefecture owned by Nankai Electric Railway. This line joins the Nankai Main Line.-Stations:...
- Kada LineNankai Kada Lineis a railway line in Wakayama Prefecture owned by Nankai Electric Railway. This line joins the Nankai Main Line.-Stations:...
- Takashinohama Line
- Wakayamako Line
- Koya Line
- Shiomibashi Line
- Nankai Main Line
- Kita-Osaka Kyuko RailwayKita-Osaka Kyuko RailwayThe is a railway operator of Osaka, Japan. The sole line named is actually an extension of the Midōsuji Line Osaka Municipal Subway. Kitakyū, as it is often abbreviated, also owns various commercial and residential properties along the line.-History:...
- Osaka Municipal SubwayOsaka Municipal Subwayis the metro network in the city of Osaka, Japan, forming an integral part of the extensive mass transit system of Greater Osaka , having 125 out of the 1,108 rail stations in the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto region. In 2010 the greater Osaka region had 13 million rail passengers daily of which the Osaka...
and ●New Tram - Kyoto Municipal SubwayKyoto Municipal Subwayis the metro network in the city of Kyoto, Japan. It is operated by Kyoto Municipal Transportation Bureau. It has two lines.-Lines:- External links :**...
- Kobe Municipal SubwayKobe Municipal Subwayis the subway of Kobe. It has two lines.-Lines:- External links :****...
- ●Seishin-Yamate LineSeishin-Yamate LineThe is one of two lines of Kobe Municipal Subway that links the central district and suburbs of Kobe. It is sometimes called U-Line after its shape on maps.-Stations on the Seishin-Yamate Line:- Rolling stock :* 1000 series...
- ●Kaigan LineKaigan LineThe is one of two lines of Kobe Municipal Subway . Trains of the line are propelled by linear motors.-Stations on the Kaigan Line:- Rolling stock :* 5000 series All trains are based at Misaki-Kōen Depot....
- ●Seishin-Yamate Line
- Osaka Monorail
- Kobe Electric RailwayKobe Electric Railway, often called Shintetsu , is a Japanese private railway company in Kobe and surrounding cities.-Lines:*Arima Line *Sanda Line *Kōen-Toshi Line *Ao Line...
- Arima LineShintetsu Arima LineThe is a commuter railway line in Kobe, Japan operated by Kobe Electric Railway. It connects central Kobe with its northern suburbs in Kita-ku and Arima Onsen....
- Ao LineShintetsu Ao LineThe is a commuter railway line in Hyōgo Prefecture of Kobe Electric Railway. It connects Kobe with its northwestern suburb, Ono. The line is 29.2km long, stretching from Suzurandai in Kita-ku to Ao, where the line connects with the West Japan Railway Company Kakogawa Line, although all trains...
- Sanda LineShintetsu Sanda LineThe is a commuter railway line in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan operated by Kobe Electric Railway. It connects Kobe with its northern suburb, Sanda.The line is long, stretching from Arimaguchi in Kita-ku to Sanda, where the line connects with the JR West JR Takarazuka Line/Fukuchiyama Line, although...
- Shintetsu Kōen-Toshi LineShintetsu Koen-Toshi LineThe is a commuter railway line in Sanda, Hyōgo Prefecture operated by Kobe Electric Railway.The line is long, connecting Yokoyama to Woody Town Chūō. Although Yokoyama is the line terminus, all trains continue on the Sanda Line to Sanda.-Stations:...
- Arima Line
- Sanyo Electric RailwaySanyo Electric RailwaySanyo Electric Railway Co., Ltd. is a Japanese private railway in western Hyōgo Prefecture...
- Main Line
- Aboshi LineSanyo Electric Railway Aboshi LineThe of Sanyo Electric Railway is a railway line within Himeji, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. The line joins the Sanyo Electric Railway Main Line at Shikama Station. The line is 8.5 km long....
- Kobe Rapid RailwayKobe Rapid RailwayKōbe Rapid Transit Railway Company, Limited is a special railway company in central Kobe, Japan.- Lines :Kobe Rapid Railway has three lines.*Tozai Line *Namboku Line *Hokushin Line...
- Tozai LineTozai Line (Kobe)The Tōzai Line is one of two lines of Kobe Rapid Transit Railway, and operated by Hanshin Railway and Hankyu Railway. Trains from Hanshin, Hankyu and Sanyo railways enter this line....
- Namboku LineNamboku Line (Kobe)The Namboku Line is one of two lines of Kobe Rapid Transit Railway . It is fully operated by Kobe Electric Railway and has only two stations...
- Hokushin LineHokushin Kyuko Electric Railwayis a private railway company in Kobe, Japan. Its headquarters are in Kita-ku, Kobe. Investors in the company include Hankyu Railway and Kobe Electric Railway, and it is a subsidiary of Hankyu Hanshin Holdings.-Operation:...
- Tozai Line
- Keifuku Electric RailroadKeifuku Electric Railroadis a railroad company based in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan in operation since March 2, 1942. It is a parent company of Keifuku Bus, and an affiliated company of Keihan Electric Railway, which owns 42.89% of the company stock...
- Arashiyama Main Line
- Kitano Line
- Eizan Electric Railway
- Eizan Main Line
- Kurama Line
- Nose Electric Railway
- Myōken Line
- Nissei Line
- Kobe New TransitKobe New Transitis the third-sector semipublic company that runs Port Island Line and Rokkō Island Line automated guideway transit systems in Kobe, Japan...
- Port Island Line (Port Liner)
- Rokkō Island LineRokko Island LineThe , commonly known as is an automated guideway transit system in Kobe, Japan. Operated by Kobe New Transit, it connects the man-made Rokkō Island to Sumiyoshi Station on the JR Kobe Line.-Stations:*Sumiyoshi...
(Rokko Liner)
List of cable car/funicular lines
- Keihan Electric RailwayKeihan Electric Railwayis a Japanese railway operator in Osaka, Kyoto, and Shiga Prefectures. It is known as , or .-History:Keihan started its operation between Osaka and Kyoto in 1910. It was the first electric railway to connect these two cities, and the first line on the left bank of Yodo River...
Cable LineKeihan Cable LineThe , officially the , is Japanese funicular line in Yawata, Kyoto, operated by Keihan Electric Railway. The line opened in 1926 as a route to Iwashimizu Shrine. Riders on January, the season of hatsumōde , account for 50% of the whole year ridership.-Basic data:*Distance: 0.4 km / 0.2 mi.*System:...
(鋼索線), also called Otokoyama Cable (男山ケーブル) - KintetsuKintetsu, named Kinki Nippon Railway Co., Ltd. in English until June 27, 2003, is a Japanese rail transit corporation commonly known as . It is the largest non-JR railway in Japan. Its complex network of lines connects Osaka, Kyoto, Nara, Nagoya, Tsu and Ise...
- Ikoma Cable Line (Toriimae - Ikoma-Sanjo)
- Nishi-Shigi Cable LineKintetsu Nishi-Shigi Cable LineThe , officially the is Japanese funicular line in Yao, Osaka, operated by Kintetsu. The line, opened in 1930, makes a route to Chōgo Sonshi-ji temple on Mount Shigi. As the line name suggests, there once was as well. However, the eastern line was closed in 1983...
- Katsuragi Ropeway
- Nankai Railway Cable LineNankai Cable LineThe , officially the , is a Japanese funicular line in Kōya, Wakayama, operated by Nankai Electric Railway. The line opened in 1930 as a route to Mount Kōya, a famous Buddhist spot.-Basic data:*Distance: 0.8 km / 0.5 mi*System: Single track with two cars...
(鋼索線) - Sanyo Electric RailwaySanyo Electric RailwaySanyo Electric Railway Co., Ltd. is a Japanese private railway in western Hyōgo Prefecture...
Sumaura RopewaySumaura RopewayThe is Japanese aerial lift line in Kōbe, Hyōgo, operated by the Sanyō Electric Railway. Opened in 1957, the line climbs Mount Hachibuse of the Suma coast... - Keifuku Electric RailroadKeifuku Electric Railroadis a railroad company based in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan in operation since March 2, 1942. It is a parent company of Keifuku Bus, and an affiliated company of Keihan Electric Railway, which owns 42.89% of the company stock...
- Eizan CableKeifuku Cable LineThe , officially the , is Japanese funicular line in Sakyō, Kyōto, Kyōto, operated by Keifuku Electric Railroad. The line opened in 1925, as a western route to Enryaku-ji, a famous temple on Mount Hiei. The line has 561 m vertical interval, the largest in the country.-Basic data:*Distance: 1.3 km /...
(叡山鋼索線) - Eizan Ropeway (叡山ロープウェイ)
- Eizan Cable
- Nose Electric Railway Myōken CableMyoken CableThe , officially the , is Japanese funicular line in Kawanishi, Hyōgo, operated by Nose Electric Railway. The line climbs . The line was opened by in 1925, comprising Kabu Line and Jōbu Line. Both of them were abandoned in 1944...
List of incomplete/abandoned lines
- Hanshin Electric RailwayHanshin Electric Railwayis a Japanese private railway company of Hankyu Hanshin Toho Group that links Osaka and Kobe. It also owns the Hanshin Tigers baseball team.The second character for Osaka and the first character for Kobe combine to form the company name, 阪神, which can be read Han-shin.IC cards are accepted when...
- Kita-Osaka Line
- Kokudo Line
- Koshien Line
- Amagasaki Kaigan LineHanshin Amagasaki Kaigan LineThe was a 1.7 km long commuter rail in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan owned and operated by Hanshin Electric Railway. The line was closed in 1962.-History:The line connecting Deyashiki and Higashihama opened on April 14, 1929....
- Mukogawa LineHanshin Mukogawa Lineis a branch line of the Hanshin Electric Railway Main Line in Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan.-Stations:...
- Imazu Deyashiki Line
- Amagasaki Takarazuka Line
- Daini Hanshin Line
- Hankai TramwayHankai Tramwayis a company which owns two tramway lines in the cities of Osaka and Sakai, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. The parent company is Nankai Electric Railway Co., Ltd.-Now owned:*Hankai Line 14.1 km...
- Hirano Line
- Ohama Branch Line
- Hankyu Electric Railway
- Kitano Line
- Kamitsutsui Line
- KintetsuKintetsu, named Kinki Nippon Railway Co., Ltd. in English until June 27, 2003, is a Japanese rail transit corporation commonly known as . It is the largest non-JR railway in Japan. Its complex network of lines connects Osaka, Kyoto, Nara, Nagoya, Tsu and Ise...
- Hase Line (長谷線)
- Sanjo Line (山上線)
- Horyuji Line (法隆寺線)
- Obusa Line (小房線)
- Higashi-Shigi Cable Line
- Hokusei Line (北勢線)
- Nankai Railway
- Tennoji Branch Line (天王寺支線)
- Kitajima Branch Line (北島支線)
- Wakayamako Line (和歌山港線)
- Kishigawa Line (貴志川線)
- Osaka Tram Line (大阪軌道線)
- Hankai LineHankai LineThe is a tramway in the cities of Osaka and Sakai, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. Hankai Tramway Co., Ltd. owns and operates the line.The line's name comes from and ....
(阪堺線) - Uemachi LineHankai Uemachi LineThe is a tramway line of Hankai Tramway Co., Ltd. in Osaka, Japan.-History:*September 20, 1900 - Osaka Horse Rail Co. from Tennoji-nishimon-mae to Higashi-Tengachaya was opened....
(上町線) - Hirano Line (平野線)
- Ohama Branch Line (大浜支線)
- Wakayama Tram Line (和歌山軌道線)
Rail Ridership
Following table lists annual ridership in millions of passengers a year, average daily in parenthesis.Operator | Annual (daily) 1993 (peak year) | Annual (daily) 2007 |
---|---|---|
West Japan Railway Company West Japan Railway Company , also referred to as , is one of the Japan Railways Group companies and operates in western Honshū. It has its headquarters in Kita-ku, Osaka.-History:... (Kansai Only) |
943 (2,584,000) | 961 (2,633,000) |
Kintetsu Kintetsu , named Kinki Nippon Railway Co., Ltd. in English until June 27, 2003, is a Japanese rail transit corporation commonly known as . It is the largest non-JR railway in Japan. Its complex network of lines connects Osaka, Kyoto, Nara, Nagoya, Tsu and Ise... (Kansai Only) |
806 | 611 |
Nankai Railway | 310 | 231 |
Keihan Railway | 419 | 291 |
Hankyu Railway Hankyu Railway is a Japanese private railway that provides commuter and interurban service to the northern Kansai region and is one of major businesses operated by Hankyu Hanshin Holdings, Inc. The railway's main terminal is at Umeda Station in Osaka... |
787 | 601 |
Hanshin Railway | 221 | 162 |
SubTotal | 2,545 (6,972,000) | 1,899 (5,202,000) |
Osaka Municipal Subway Osaka Municipal Subway is the metro network in the city of Osaka, Japan, forming an integral part of the extensive mass transit system of Greater Osaka , having 125 out of the 1,108 rail stations in the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto region. In 2010 the greater Osaka region had 13 million rail passengers daily of which the Osaka... |
N/A | 2,234,000 |
Semboku Rapid Railway Semboku Rapid Railway is the railroad route of the Osaka Prefectural Urban Development as a means of transportation for Senboku New Town, and connects Izumi-Chūō Station with Nakamozu Station, with through operations to Nankai Electric Railway's Kōya Line up to Namba Station of southern downtown Osaka.-Operation:Along... |
58 (158,900) | 51.1 (140,100) |
Kyoto Municipal Subway Kyoto Municipal Subway is the metro network in the city of Kyoto, Japan. It is operated by Kyoto Municipal Transportation Bureau. It has two lines.-Lines:- External links :**... |
(344,000) | |
Osaka Monorail | (100,600) | |
Totals | - | 3,037 (8,320,700) |
Note above table does not yet include figures for Kobe Municipal Subway, Kitakyu, Kobe New Transit, Kobe Rapid, Nosenden, or Shintetsu.
Buses
There are numerous private and public bus companies with hundreds of routes throughout the region. Most bus routes complement existing rail service to form an effective intermodal transit network.Taxis
Taxis also serve a similar role to buses, supplementing the rail system, especially after midnight when most rail lines cease to operate. Persons moving around the city on business often chose taxis for convenience, as do people setting out in small groups.Roads
National, prefectural, and local roads crisscross the region.Local and regional highways
- Route 1Route 1 (Japan)National Route 1 is a major highway on the island of Honshū in Japan. It connects Chūō, Tokyo in the Kantō region with the city of Osaka, Osaka Prefecture in the Kansai region, passing through the Chūbu region en route. It follows the old Tōkaidō westward from Tokyo to Kyoto, and the old Kyo Kaidō...
- Route 2Route 2 (Japan)National Route 2 is a major highway on the islands of Honshū and Kyūshū in Japan. It follows the old Sanyōdo westward from the city of Osaka, Osaka Prefecture in the Kansai region to the city of Kitakyūshū in Fukuoka Prefecture, passing through the San'yō region en route...
- Route 9Route 9 (Japan)National Route 9 is an important highway in the Kansai and Chūgoku regions. It connects the prefectural capitals of Kyoto, Tottori, Matsue , and Yamaguchi. Other significant cities along the route include Yonago, Tottori and Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi. Route 9 also passes through parts of Hyōgo...
- Route 24Japan National Route 24National Route 24 is a national highway connecting Kyoto and Wakayama, Wakayama in Japan.-Route Data:*Length: 130.3 km *Origin: Kyoto...
(KyotoKyotois a city in the central part of the island of Honshū, Japan. It has a population close to 1.5 million. Formerly the imperial capital of Japan, it is now the capital of Kyoto Prefecture, as well as a major part of the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan area.-History:...
- Nara PrefectureNara Prefectureis a prefecture in the Kansai region on Honshū Island, Japan. The capital is the city of Nara.-History:The present-day Nara Prefecture was created in 1887, making it independent of Osaka Prefecture....
- Wakayama PrefectureWakayama Prefectureis a prefecture of Japan located on the Kii Peninsula in the Kansai region on Honshū island. The capital is the city of Wakayama.- History :Present-day Wakayama is mostly the western part of the province of Kii.- 1953 Wakayama Prefecture flood disaster :...
) - Route 25Japan National Route 25National Route 25 is a national highway connecting Yokkaichi and Osaka in Japan.-Route Data:*Length: 144.5 km *Origin: Yokkaichi *Terminus: Osaka...
(Osaka - Nara - Nagoya) - Route 26Japan National Route 26National Route 26 is a national highway connecting Osaka and Wakayama in Japan.-Route Data:*Length: 71.8 km *Origin: Osaka *Terminus: Wakayama...
(Osaka - Wakayama) - Route 28Japan National Route 28National Route 28 is a national highway connecting Kobe and Tokushima in Japan. It is the only national highway that traverses through Awaji Island as the route uses ferries to connect the two cities of Naruto, Tokushima and Akashi, Hyōgo.-Route Data:...
(Kobe - AwajiAwaji, Hyogois a city located on Awaji Island in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan.Awaji City was founded on 1 April 2005 from the merger of the former town of Awaji with the towns of Tsuna, Higashiura, Hokudan, Ichinomiya, all in Tsuna District....
- Tokushima, TokushimaTokushima, Tokushimais the capital city of Tokushima Prefecture on Shikoku island in Japan.As of May 1, 2011, the city had an estimated population of 263,372, with 114,325 households, and a population density of 1,377.25 persons per km². Its total area is 191.23 km²....
) - Route 171 (Kobe - Kyoto , San'yōdōSan'yodois a Japanese term denoting both an ancient division of the country and the main road running through it. The San'yōdō corresponds for the most part with the modern conception of the San'yō region,San'yō translates to "the sunlight-side of a mountain", while dō, depending on the context, can mean...
) - Route 423 (Osaka - Senri - KameokaKameoka, Kyotois a city located in Kyoto, Japan.As of 2008, the city has an estimated population of 93,323 and a density of 415 persons per km². The total area is 224.90 km². It is known as one of Japan's foggiest cities....
, "New-MidosujiMidosujiBoulevard is the primary main street in central Osaka, Japan. It runs north-south, passing Umeda, Shinsaibashi, Dōtonbori, Ame-mura, and Namba districts. Underneath the street is the Midōsuji Line subway.-History:...
")
Expressways
- Hanshin ExpresswayHanshin ExpresswayThe is a network of expressways surrounding Osaka, Kobe and Kyoto, Japan. Operated by , it opened in 1962.Portions of the Hanshin Expressway collapsed during the Kobe earthquake on January 17, 1995. These sections were rebuilt by 1996...
- Meishin ExpresswayMeishin ExpresswayThe is a toll expressway in Japan. It runs from a junction with the Tomei Expressway in Nagakute, Aichi west to Nishinomiya, Hyōgo . It is the main road link between Osaka and Nagoya, and, along with the Tōmei Expressway, forms the main road link between Osaka and Tokyo...
(Asian Highway 1AH1AH1 is the longest route of the Asian Highway Network, running 12,845 miles from Tokyo, Japan via Korea, China, Southeast Asia, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran to the border between Turkey and Bulgaria west of Istanbul.-Japan:...
) - Chūgoku ExpresswayChugoku ExpresswayThe is an expressway in Japan from Suita, Osaka to Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi. It connects Kansai and Chūgoku regions in the western Honshū, Japan's largest island. Other major cities on the expressway are Tsuyama, Kobe and Hiroshima...
(Asian Highway 1AH1AH1 is the longest route of the Asian Highway Network, running 12,845 miles from Tokyo, Japan via Korea, China, Southeast Asia, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran to the border between Turkey and Bulgaria west of Istanbul.-Japan:...
) - Sanyō ExpresswaySanyo ExpresswayThe is an expressway in Japan, running from Kobe through Hiroshima along the Inland Sea and terminating in Yamaguchi Prefecture. The entire length of the expressway was opened in 1997...
- Kinki Expressway
- Maizuru Expressway (To MaizuruMaizuru, Kyotois a city located in Kyōto, Japan, on an inlet of the Sea of Japan.As of 2008, the city has an estimated population of 89,626 and the density of 264 persons per km². The total area is .The city was founded on May 27, 1943....
) - West-Meihan Expressway (To Nara PrefectureNara Prefectureis a prefecture in the Kansai region on Honshū Island, Japan. The capital is the city of Nara.-History:The present-day Nara Prefecture was created in 1887, making it independent of Osaka Prefecture....
, Nagoya) - Hanwa Expressway (To Wakayama PrefectureWakayama Prefectureis a prefecture of Japan located on the Kii Peninsula in the Kansai region on Honshū island. The capital is the city of Wakayama.- History :Present-day Wakayama is mostly the western part of the province of Kii.- 1953 Wakayama Prefecture flood disaster :...
)
Passenger ferries
OsakaOsaka
is a city in the Kansai region of Japan's main island of Honshu, a designated city under the Local Autonomy Law, the capital city of Osaka Prefecture and also the biggest part of Keihanshin area, which is represented by three major cities of Japan, Kyoto, Osaka and Kobe...
's international ferry connections are far greater than Tokyo
Tokyo
, ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family...
's, mostly due to geography. There are international ferries that leave Osaka for Shanghai
Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...
, Korea
Korea
Korea ) is an East Asian geographic region that is currently divided into two separate sovereign states — North Korea and South Korea. Located on the Korean Peninsula, Korea is bordered by the People's Republic of China to the northwest, Russia to the northeast, and is separated from Japan to the...
, and until recently Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
. Osaka's domestic ferry services include regular service to ports such as Shimonoseki, Kagoshima, and Okinawa.
Shipping
Shipping plays a crucial role for movign freight in and out of the Keihanshin area. Although in the 1970s the port of Kobe was the busiest in the world by containers handled, it no longer ranks among the top twenty worldwide. Kansai area is home to 5 existing LNG terminals.- Port of Osaka
- Port of KobePort of KobeThe Port of Kobe is a Japanese maritime port in Kobe, Hyōgo in the greater Osaka area, backgrounded by the Hanshin Industrial Region.Located at a foothill of the range of Mount Rokkō, flat lands are limited and constructions of artificial islands have carried out, to make Port Island, Rokko...
- Port of SakaiSakai, Osakais a city in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. It has been one of the largest and most important seaports of Japan since the Medieval era.Following the February 2005 annexation of the town of Mihara, from Minamikawachi District, the city has grown further and is now the fourteenth most populous city in...
-Senboku (In Osaka PrefectureOsaka Prefectureis a prefecture located in the Kansai region on Honshū, the main island of Japan. The capital is the city of Osaka. It is the center of Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto area.- History :...
) - Port of HimejiHimeji, Hyogois a city located in Hyōgo Prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan. As of April 1, 2011, the city has an estimated population of 535,945, with 206,409 households. The total area is 534.43 km².- History :...
Scooters
Scooters, as in TokyoTokyo
, ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family...
, were once quite popular in the 1990s, but have declined in popularity as people reverted to using bicycles and walking for short trips, and cars for longer ones. They are commonly used by individuals for buying groceries and short in town trips, as well as commercially for delivery of small items by food or household delivery services.
See also
- Transport in Greater Tokyo
- Transport in Greater NagoyaTransport in Greater NagoyaTransport in Greater Nagoya is similar to that of the Tokyo and Osaka, but is more automobile oriented, as the urban density is less than Japan's two primary metropolises, and major automobile manufacturers like Toyota are based here...
- Transport in Fukuoka-KitakyūshūTransport in Fukuoka-KitakyūshūTransport in Fukuoka-Kitakyushu is similar to that of other large cities in Japan, but with a high degree of private transport. The region is a hub of international ferry services and has a high degree of air connectivity and a considerable rail transport network, complemented with highways and...