Treaty of 1677
Encyclopedia
The Treaty of 1677 was signed in Virginia
on May 28, 1677 between Charles II of England
and representatives from various Virginia Native American
tribes. Based on the terms of the accord, the Virginia Indians were to swear fealty
to the British Empire
. Moreover, the Indians were permitted to maintain their territories and fishing rights. The twenty-one articles of the treaty were confirmed when England sent gifts to the chiefs along with various badges of authority. The Queen of Pamunkey, as Cockacoeske
was known to the English, received a red velvet cap which was fastened with a silver frontlet and silver chains.
Virginia
The Commonwealth of Virginia , is a U.S. state on the Atlantic Coast of the Southern United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" and sometimes the "Mother of Presidents" after the eight U.S. presidents born there...
on May 28, 1677 between Charles II of England
Charles II of England
Charles II was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland.Charles II's father, King Charles I, was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War...
and representatives from various Virginia Native American
Native Americans in the United States
Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples in North America within the boundaries of the present-day continental United States, parts of Alaska, and the island state of Hawaii. They are composed of numerous, distinct tribes, states, and ethnic groups, many of which survive as...
tribes. Based on the terms of the accord, the Virginia Indians were to swear fealty
Fealty
An oath of fealty, from the Latin fidelitas , is a pledge of allegiance of one person to another. Typically the oath is made upon a religious object such as a Bible or saint's relic, often contained within an altar, thus binding the oath-taker before God.In medieval Europe, fealty was sworn between...
to the British Empire
British Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height, it was the...
. Moreover, the Indians were permitted to maintain their territories and fishing rights. The twenty-one articles of the treaty were confirmed when England sent gifts to the chiefs along with various badges of authority. The Queen of Pamunkey, as Cockacoeske
Cockacoeske
Cockacoeskie was a 17th century leader of the Pamunkey Tribe of Native Americans in what is now Virginia in the United States....
was known to the English, received a red velvet cap which was fastened with a silver frontlet and silver chains.
Witnesses
Native American witnesses to the signing of the treaty entailed:- Queen Pomunckey and her son, Captain John West
- The King of the Nottowayes
- King Peracuta of the Appomattux
- The Queen of Wayonaoake
- The King of the Nanzem'd
- King Pattanochus of the Nansatiocoes, Nanzemunds, and the Portabacchoes
- King Shurenough of the Manakins
- King Mastegonoe of the Sappones
- Chief Tachapoake of the Sappones
- Chief Vnuntsquero of the Maherians
- Chief Horehonnah of the Maherians