Treklyano
Encyclopedia
Treklyano is a village in southwestern Bulgaria
, part of Kyustendil Province
. It is the administrative centre of Treklyano municipality, which lies in the northwestern part of Kyustendil Province. The village is located in the Kraishte area, very close to the Serbia
n border and not far from the Republic of Macedonia
border. It is situated 40 kilometres north of the provincial capital of Kyustendil
, 39 kilometres south of Tran
and 100 kilometres west of the capital Sofia
.
Treklyano lies in an isolated valley at the foot of the 1,733-metre Milevets peak in the border mountain of Milevska Planina
. The Treklyano River, which runs through the village, flows into the Struma River
at Zemen
. The first reference to the village is in an early 15th-century Bulgarian text: ѠТ СЄЛО ТРИКЛИНО. It was also mentioned in Ottoman
tax registers of 1570-1572 as Predoshnitsa or Preglino and a few years later, in 1576-1577, it was listed as Terklyane. According to popular etymology, the old village name was Tri Klena ("Three maple trees"), as there was an area near the village where three maple
trees were located. Linguists suggest a derivation from *traklo, itself from trak ("tie, belt") or from Greek
τρί-κλινος, "three-bedded", referring to stream bed
s. There is an area near the village where two rivers merge to make up a third one, i.e. forming three beds.
During the Ottoman rule of Bulgaria, the village has been abandoned and reestablshed several times. There was an influx of settlers during the First Serbian Uprising
of 1804, the Second Serbian Uprising
of 1815-1817 and after the newly-liberated Principality of Serbia included some then-Bulgarian-populated areas in 1831-1833.
The first school in the village was a monastery school founded in 1853, while a secular school was opened 10 years later. A new Bulgarian Orthodox church dedicated to the Dormition of the Theotokos
was built in 1860 at the place of an older church. After the Liberation of Bulgaria
, Treklyano grew rapidly: at its peak it had up to 800 houses and a population of around 4,000. A community centre (chitalishte
) was established in 1901.
In the municipality, 1,111 people were registered in 2007, in the town there was 370 people.
off Robert Island, South Shetland Islands
is named after Treklyano.
Bulgaria
Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
, part of Kyustendil Province
Kyustendil Province
-Religion:Religious adherence in the province according to 2001 census:-Language:Mother tongues in the province according to 2001 census:* 153,242 Bulgarian * 7,929 Roma * 1363 others and unspecified -Ethnic groups:...
. It is the administrative centre of Treklyano municipality, which lies in the northwestern part of Kyustendil Province. The village is located in the Kraishte area, very close to the Serbia
Serbia
Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
n border and not far from the Republic of Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia
Macedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country located in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...
border. It is situated 40 kilometres north of the provincial capital of Kyustendil
Kyustendil
Kyustendil is a town in the far west of Bulgaria, the capital of Kyustendil Province, with a population of 44 416 . Kyustendil is situated in the southern part of the Kyustendil Valley, 90 km southwest of Sofia...
, 39 kilometres south of Tran
Tran, Bulgaria
Tran |thorn]]") is a small town in Pernik Province, western Bulgaria. It is 27 kilometres away from the town of Breznik and 15 km from the border with Serbia....
and 100 kilometres west of the capital Sofia
Sofia
Sofia is the capital and largest city of Bulgaria and the 12th largest city in the European Union with a population of 1.27 million people. It is located in western Bulgaria, at the foot of Mount Vitosha and approximately at the centre of the Balkan Peninsula.Prehistoric settlements were excavated...
.
Treklyano lies in an isolated valley at the foot of the 1,733-metre Milevets peak in the border mountain of Milevska Planina
Milevska Planina
Milevska planina is a mountain in southeastern Serbia and western Bulgaria, near the town of Bosilegrad. Its highest peak Milevets or Krvavi kamik has an altitude of 1738 meters above sea level. It is located at the border of two countries....
. The Treklyano River, which runs through the village, flows into the Struma River
Struma River
The Struma or Strymónas is a river in Bulgaria and Greece. Its ancient name was Strymōn . Its catchment area is 10,800 km²...
at Zemen
Zemen
Zemen is a town in Pernik Province, western Bulgaria. Located near the Pchelina Reservoir on the banks of the Struma River, it is the administrative centre of a municipality....
. The first reference to the village is in an early 15th-century Bulgarian text: ѠТ СЄЛО ТРИКЛИНО. It was also mentioned in Ottoman
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
tax registers of 1570-1572 as Predoshnitsa or Preglino and a few years later, in 1576-1577, it was listed as Terklyane. According to popular etymology, the old village name was Tri Klena ("Three maple trees"), as there was an area near the village where three maple
Maple
Acer is a genus of trees or shrubs commonly known as maple.Maples are variously classified in a family of their own, the Aceraceae, or together with the Hippocastanaceae included in the family Sapindaceae. Modern classifications, including the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system, favour inclusion in...
trees were located. Linguists suggest a derivation from *traklo, itself from trak ("tie, belt") or from Greek
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
τρί-κλινος, "three-bedded", referring to stream bed
Stream bed
A stream bed is the channel bottom of a stream, river or creek; the physical confine of the normal water flow. The lateral confines or channel margins, during all but flood stage, are known as the stream banks or river banks. In fact, a flood occurs when a stream overflows its banks and flows onto...
s. There is an area near the village where two rivers merge to make up a third one, i.e. forming three beds.
During the Ottoman rule of Bulgaria, the village has been abandoned and reestablshed several times. There was an influx of settlers during the First Serbian Uprising
First Serbian Uprising
The First Serbian Uprising was the first stage of the Serbian Revolution , the successful wars of independence that lasted for 9 years and approximately 9 months , during which Serbia perceived itself as an independent state for the first time after more than three centuries of Ottoman rule and...
of 1804, the Second Serbian Uprising
Second Serbian Uprising
The Second Serbian Uprising was a second phase of the Serbian revolution against the Ottoman Empire, which erupted shortly after the re-annexation of the country to the Ottoman Empire, in 1813. The occupation was enforced following the defeat of the First Serbian Uprising , during which Serbia...
of 1815-1817 and after the newly-liberated Principality of Serbia included some then-Bulgarian-populated areas in 1831-1833.
The first school in the village was a monastery school founded in 1853, while a secular school was opened 10 years later. A new Bulgarian Orthodox church dedicated to the Dormition of the Theotokos
Dormition of the Theotokos
The Dormition of the Theotokos is a Great Feast of the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches which commemorates the "falling asleep" or death of the Theotokos , and her bodily resurrection before being taken up into heaven. It is celebrated on August 15 The Dormition...
was built in 1860 at the place of an older church. After the Liberation of Bulgaria
Liberation of Bulgaria
In Bulgarian historiography, the term Liberation of Bulgaria is used to denote the events of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78 that led to the re-establishment of Bulgarian state with the Treaty of San Stefano of March 3, 1878, after the complete conquest of the Second Bulgarian Empire, which...
, Treklyano grew rapidly: at its peak it had up to 800 houses and a population of around 4,000. A community centre (chitalishte
Chitalishte
A chitalishte is a typical Bulgarian public institution and building which fulfils several functions at once, such as a community centre, library and a theatre. It is also used as an educational institution, where people of all ages can enroll in foreign language, dance, music and other courses....
) was established in 1901.
Municipality
Treklyano municipality includes the following 19 places:
|
Kosovo, Kyustendil Province Kosovo is a village in Treklyano municipality, Kyustendil Province, Bulgaria, located at . The village is in a mountainous area, five kilometers away from the border of Serbia.... |
In the municipality, 1,111 people were registered in 2007, in the town there was 370 people.
Honour
Treklyano IslandTreklyano Island
Treklyano Island is an island off the northeast coast of Robert Island, South Shetland Islands Extending , with a low rocky formation projecting northeastwards, the island emerged as a distinct geographical entity following the retreat of Robert Island's ice cap in the late 20th century...
off Robert Island, South Shetland Islands
South Shetland Islands
The South Shetland Islands are a group of Antarctic islands, lying about north of the Antarctic Peninsula, with a total area of . By the Antarctic Treaty of 1959, the Islands' sovereignty is neither recognized nor disputed by the signatories and they are free for use by any signatory for...
is named after Treklyano.