Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi or known in her regnal name Tribhuwannottunggadewi Jayawishnuwardhani, was a Javanese queen regnant

Queen regnant

A queen regnant is a female monarch who reigns in her own right, in contrast to a queen consort, who is the wife of a reigning king. An empress regnant is a female monarch who reigns in her own right over an empire....

 and the third monarch of Majapahit empire

Majapahit Empire

Majapahit was a vast archipelagic empire based on the island of Java from 1293 to around 1500. Majapahit reached its peak of glory during the era of Hayam Wuruk, whose reign from 1350 to 1389 marked by conquest which extended through Southeast Asia. His achievement is also credited to his prime...

, reigning from 1328 to 1350. She appointed Gajah Mada

Gajah Mada

Gajah Mada was, according to Javanese old manuscripts, poems and mythology, a powerful military leader and mahapatih or prime minister of the Majapahit Empire, credited with bringing the empire to its peak of glory...

 as prime minister and pursued massive expansion of the empire.

Early life

She was the daughter of Raden Wijaya

Raden Wijaya

Raden Wijaya was a Javanese King, the founder and the first monarch of Majapahit empire. The history of his founding of Majapahit was written in several records, including Pararaton and Negarakertagama...

, the first king of Majapahit from his consort; Dyah Gayatri Rajapatni. She was the mother and predecessor to Hayam Wuruk

Hayam Wuruk

Hayam Wuruk, also called Rajasanagara, , was a Javanese King and the fourth monarch of Majapahit empire. Together with his prime minister Gajah Mada, he reigned the empire at the time of its greatest power. He was preceded by Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi and succeeded by his son in law...

, the fourth monarch of the Majapahit empire. She also bears the title Bhre Kahuripan (Duchess of Kahuripan). Tribhuwana is member of Rajasa dynasty

Rajasa Dynasty

House of Rajasa was the ruling family of Singhasari kingdom and later Majapahit empire in 13th to 15th century eastern Java. The rulers of Singhasari and Majapahit trace their origins back to the mysterious figure of Ken Arok or Sri Ranggah Rajasa, who founded the Rajasa dynasty early in the 13th...

, rulers of Majapahit and its predecessor Singhasari

Singhasari

Singhasari was a kingdom located in east Java between 1222 and 1292. The kingdom succeeded Kingdom of Kediri as the dominant kingdom in eastern Java.-Foundation:...

 Kingdom. By his mother she was also granddaughter of Kertanegara, the last ruler of Singhasari.

Reign

According to Nagarakretagama

Nagarakretagama

The Nagarakretagama or Nagarakrtagama, also known as Desawarnana, is an Old Javanese eulogy to Hayam Wuruk, a Javanese king and the monarch of the Majapahit Empire. It was written as a kakawin by Mpu Prapanca in 1365 . The Nagarakretagama contains detailed descriptions of the Majapahit Empire...

, Tribhuawana comes to throne by the order of her mother (Gayatri

Gayatri

Gayatri is the feminine form of , a Sanskrit word for a song or a hymn. Gayatri is a consort of Brahma and the goddess of learning. Brahma married her when there was a need for a companion during a yajna. Brahma had to start the yajna along with his wife...

) in the year of 1329 replacing Jayanegara

Jayanegara

Jayanegara , reigned from 1309 to 1328, was a Javanese King and the second monarch of Majapahit empire. Jayanegara was the heir, crown prince, the son of Raden Wijaya, the founder of Majapahit...

 which killed in 1328. Tribhuwana's reign ended as Gayatri died in 1350. Tribhuwana govern with the help of her husband, Kertawardhana.

In the year of 1331, she led the army herself to the battle field with the help of her cousin, Adityawarman

Adityawarman

Adityawarman , a nobleman born in east Java, from Pararaton poem, his mother's name was Dara Jingga from Dharmasraya princess; his father’s name was Adwayawarman from Kuburajo Inscription around Limo Kaum in West Sumatra...

 to crush rebellion in the area of Sadeng

Sadêng

-See also:*List of towns and villages in Tibet...

 and Keta

Keta

Keta is a city in Volta Region, Ghana. It was an important trading post between the 14th and late 20th century via a port and fort built by the Dutch in 1784. Parts of the city were devastated by sea erosion between the 1960s and 1980s....

. The decision partly to resolve the competition between Gajah Mada

Gajah Mada

Gajah Mada was, according to Javanese old manuscripts, poems and mythology, a powerful military leader and mahapatih or prime minister of the Majapahit Empire, credited with bringing the empire to its peak of glory...

 and Ra Kembar for the army general position to crush Sadeng

Sadêng

-See also:*List of towns and villages in Tibet...

.

Tribhuwana reign famous for the expansion of Majapahit. In 1343 Majapahit conquered the Kingdom of Pejeng

Pejeng

Pejeng is a village in Bali, Indonesia, in the Petauan River valley. It is a bit east of Ubud in Gianyar Regency. It is home to the Moon of Pejeng, the largest single-cast bronze kettle drum in the world. Pejeng is a rural area with extensive, and ancient, irrigated rice cultivation....

 (Bali

Bali

Bali is an Indonesian island located in the westernmost end of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to the east...

), Dalem Bedahulu

Bedugul

Bedugul is a mountain lake resort area in Bali, Indonesia, located in the centre-north region of the island near Lake Bratan on the road between Denpasar and Singaraja. Bedugul is located at north of the city of Denpasar...

, and entire Bali

Bali

Bali is an Indonesian island located in the westernmost end of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to the east...

. Adityawarman

Adityawarman

Adityawarman , a nobleman born in east Java, from Pararaton poem, his mother's name was Dara Jingga from Dharmasraya princess; his father’s name was Adwayawarman from Kuburajo Inscription around Limo Kaum in West Sumatra...

 was sent to conquer the rest of Kingdom of Sriwijaya and Kingdom of Melayu

Melayu Kingdom

Melayu Kingdom was a classical Southeast Asian kingdom that existed between the 7th and the 13th century of the common era. It was established around present-day Dharmasraya on Sumatera, Indonesia, approximately 300 km north of Palembang...

 in 1347. He then promoted as uparaja

Uparaja

Uparaja or Ouparath, also Ouparaja , was a royal title reserved for the vice royal in the Buddhist dynasties in Burma, Cambodia, and Laos and Thailand as well as some of their minor tributary kingdoms.-Burma:...

(lower king) of Majapahit for area of Sumatra

Sumatra

Sumatra is an island in western Indonesia, westernmost of the Sunda Islands. It is the largest island entirely in Indonesia , and the sixth largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 with a population of 50,365,538...

. Majapahit expansion was then continued under Hayam Wuruk

Hayam Wuruk

Hayam Wuruk, also called Rajasanagara, , was a Javanese King and the fourth monarch of Majapahit empire. Together with his prime minister Gajah Mada, he reigned the empire at the time of its greatest power. He was preceded by Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi and succeeded by his son in law...

 reign, where it was reaching Lamuri (present day Aceh

Aceh

Aceh is a special region of Indonesia, located on the northern tip of the island of Sumatra. Its full name is Daerah Istimewa Aceh , Nanggroë Aceh Darussalam and Aceh . Past spellings of its name include Acheh, Atjeh and Achin...

) on the west side and Wanin (Onin Peninsula, Papua) on the east side.