Triglav
Encyclopedia
Triglav is the highest mountain
in Slovenia
and the highest peak of the Julian Alps
. While its name, meaning "three-headed", can describe its shape as seen from the Bohinj
area, the mountain was most probably named after the Slavic
god Triglav
. The mountain is the preeminent symbol of the Slovene nation. A stylized depiction of its distinctive shape is the central element of the Slovenian coat of arms
, and is in turn featured on the flag of Slovenia
(and, formerly, on the coat of arms of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia
). A photorealistic relief of the mountain is the design on the national side of the Slovenian 50 eurocent coin
.
The first recorded ascent of Triglav was made on 26 August 1778, by Luka Korošec, Matija Kos, Štefan Rožič and Lovrenc Willomitzer, on the initiative of baron Sigismund Zois. Its height was first measured in 1808 by Valentin Stanič.
At the top of the mountain stands a small metal structure, the Aljaž Tower , symbolic of Slovenian territorial sovereignty. The tower's namesake was the priest, mountaineer and patriot Jakob Aljaž
, who around 1900 purchased the Kredarica waypoint and the summit for the sum of five Austro-Hungarian florins.
Since 1961, the mountain has been the centerpiece of Triglav National Park
, Slovenia's only national park.
A Slovene flag was unfurled from the summit of Triglav on 26 June 1991, the night of the declaration of independence of Slovenia from Yugoslavia.
The Triglav area is also the setting of an old Slovene folktale concerning a hunter seeking a treasure guarded by an enchanted chamois
buck named Zlatorog
(Goldhorn, after its golden horns).
A remnant of the Triglav Glacier (Sln. Triglavski ledenik) is situated below the summit; covering the area of 15 hectares in 1946, it now covers an area of 1.08 hectares only, and is predicted to totally disappear within the following 5 to 10 years.
by Belsazar Hacquet
.
's Zvezda Park. It was later resurrected and reimagined, first by the group IRWIN
in 2004 as Like to Like/ Mount Triglav, and last year it was performed atop Mount Triglav by the artists Janez Janša (director)
, Janez Janša (artist) and Janez Janša (performance artist)
as Mount Triglav on Mount Triglav.
In 1986, the Laibach
/IRWIN
/Neue Slowenische Kunst
theater production Krst pod Triglavom - Baptism Below Triglav
was produced and released as an album. The performance was centered around the theme of Slovenia's conversion to Christianity by invading Germanic peoples.
; it was both the most prominent peak and, together with the southern Vardar
river (now in Republic of Macedonia
), the symbol of Yugoslav "brotherhood and unity
".
Mountain
Image:Himalaya_annotated.jpg|thumb|right|The Himalayan mountain range with Mount Everestrect 58 14 160 49 Chomo Lonzorect 200 28 335 52 Makalurect 378 24 566 45 Mount Everestrect 188 581 920 656 Tibetan Plateaurect 250 406 340 427 Rong River...
in Slovenia
Slovenia
Slovenia , officially the Republic of Slovenia , is a country in Central and Southeastern Europe touching the Alps and bordering the Mediterranean. Slovenia borders Italy to the west, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary to the northeast, and Austria to the north, and also has a small portion of...
and the highest peak of the Julian Alps
Julian Alps
The Julian Alps are a mountain range of the Southern Limestone Alps that stretches from northeastern Italy to Slovenia, where they rise to 2,864 m at Mount Triglav. They are named after Julius Caesar, who founded the municipium of Cividale del Friuli at the foot of the mountains...
. While its name, meaning "three-headed", can describe its shape as seen from the Bohinj
Bohinj
Bohinj is a municipality in the Upper Carniola region of northwestern Slovenia, covering the 20 km long and 5 km wide Bohinj basin of the Sava Bohinjka river within the Julian Alps, characterized by the periglacial Lake Bohinj...
area, the mountain was most probably named after the Slavic
Slavic mythology
Slavic mythology is the mythological aspect of the polytheistic religion that was practised by the Slavs before Christianisation.The religion possesses many common traits with other religions descended from the Proto-Indo-European religion....
god Triglav
Triglav (mythology)
Triglav also sometimes called troglav is a deity in Slavic mythology.It is generally believed that Triglav, the highest mountain in Slovenia and Troglav, highest peak of Dinara in Bosnia and...
. The mountain is the preeminent symbol of the Slovene nation. A stylized depiction of its distinctive shape is the central element of the Slovenian coat of arms
Coat of arms of Slovenia
The Slovenian coat of arms consists of a red bordered blue shield on which there is a stylised white mount Triglav. Under Triglav there are two bending lines that represent the sea and rivers, and above Triglav there are three golden, six-pointed stars, forming a triangle...
, and is in turn featured on the flag of Slovenia
Flag of Slovenia
The national flag of Slovenia features three equal horizontal bands of white , blue, and red, with the Slovenian coat of arms located in the upper hoist side of the flag centered in the white and blue bands...
(and, formerly, on the coat of arms of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia
Socialist Republic of Slovenia
The Socialist Republic of Slovenia was a socialist state that was a constituent country of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1943 until 1990...
). A photorealistic relief of the mountain is the design on the national side of the Slovenian 50 eurocent coin
Slovenian euro coins
Slovenian euro coins were first issued for circulation on 1 January 2007 and a unique feature is designed for each coin. The design of approximately 230 million Slovenian euro coins was unveiled on 7 October 2005. The designers were Miljenko Licul, Maja Licul and Janez Boljka...
.
The first recorded ascent of Triglav was made on 26 August 1778, by Luka Korošec, Matija Kos, Štefan Rožič and Lovrenc Willomitzer, on the initiative of baron Sigismund Zois. Its height was first measured in 1808 by Valentin Stanič.
At the top of the mountain stands a small metal structure, the Aljaž Tower , symbolic of Slovenian territorial sovereignty. The tower's namesake was the priest, mountaineer and patriot Jakob Aljaž
Jakob Aljaž
Jakob Aljaž was a Slovene Roman Catholic priest, composer and mountaineer.Aljaž was born in a small Upper Carniolan village of Zavrh pod Šmarno Goro, northeast of Ljubljana, in what was then the Austrian Empire. He was a priest and also a successful composer, singer and choir master. His works are...
, who around 1900 purchased the Kredarica waypoint and the summit for the sum of five Austro-Hungarian florins.
Since 1961, the mountain has been the centerpiece of Triglav National Park
Triglav National Park
Triglav National Park is a national park located in Slovenia and the only one in the country. It was named after Mount Triglav, the highest peak of the Julian Alps and a symbol of Slovenia and Slovenian character....
, Slovenia's only national park.
A Slovene flag was unfurled from the summit of Triglav on 26 June 1991, the night of the declaration of independence of Slovenia from Yugoslavia.
The Triglav area is also the setting of an old Slovene folktale concerning a hunter seeking a treasure guarded by an enchanted chamois
Chamois
The chamois, Rupicapra rupicapra, is a goat-antelope species native to mountains in Europe, including the Carpathian Mountains of Romania, the European Alps, the Tatra Mountains, the Balkans, parts of Turkey, and the Caucasus. The chamois has also been introduced to the South Island of New Zealand...
buck named Zlatorog
Zlatorog
Goldhorn or Goldenhorn is a legendary white chamois buck, or in some Slovenian stories the steinbock, who had his realm in the heights of Mount Triglav...
(Goldhorn, after its golden horns).
A remnant of the Triglav Glacier (Sln. Triglavski ledenik) is situated below the summit; covering the area of 15 hectares in 1946, it now covers an area of 1.08 hectares only, and is predicted to totally disappear within the following 5 to 10 years.
Triglav in art
Triglav was first depicted in 1776 by Franc Ksaver Baraga on the front page of the work Oryctographia CarniolicaOryctographia Carniolica
Oryctographia Carniolica is a four-volume work by Belsazar Hacquet, published in Leipzig in 1778. It discusses the physical properties of the Duchy of Carniola, Istria and parts of the neighbouring lands. It also includes an in-depth description of the Idrija mercury mine...
by Belsazar Hacquet
Belsazar Hacquet
Belsazar de la Motte Hacquet, was an Austrian physician and scientist who was born in Le Conquet, France. He studied in Vienna, and was a surgeon during the Seven Years' War. Later he was an instructor of anatomy and natural sciences in Laibach , and in 1788 was a professor at the University of...
.
Triglav in Slovene contemporary art
Since 1968, a certain provocative controversy has been at work in contemporary Slovene arts. This experimental, retro, avant-garde, "artivistic", and artistic-political controversy seemingly refers to the famed happening of the group OHO's Mount Triglav, which originally took place on 30 December 1968 in LjubljanaLjubljana
Ljubljana is the capital of Slovenia and its largest city. It is the centre of the City Municipality of Ljubljana. It is located in the centre of the country in the Ljubljana Basin, and is a mid-sized city of some 270,000 inhabitants...
's Zvezda Park. It was later resurrected and reimagined, first by the group IRWIN
IRWIN
IRWIN is a collective of Slovenian artists, primarily painters, and an original founding member of Neue Slowenische Kunst .- History :In 1983, the artists Dušan Mandič, Miran Mohar, Andrej Savski, Roman Uranjek, and Borut Vogelnik, coming from the punk and graffiti scene in Ljubljana, formed an...
in 2004 as Like to Like/ Mount Triglav, and last year it was performed atop Mount Triglav by the artists Janez Janša (director)
Janez Janša (director)
Janez Janša , is author, director and performer of interdisciplinary performances. He has studied sociology and theatre directing at the University of Ljubljana, Slovenia and performance theory at the University of Antwerp, Belgium....
, Janez Janša (artist) and Janez Janša (performance artist)
Janez Janša (performance artist)
Janez Janša is a conceptual artist, performer and producer graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts of Milan, Italy. His work has a strong social connotation and is characterized by an inter-media approach...
as Mount Triglav on Mount Triglav.
In 1986, the Laibach
Laibach
Laibach can refer to one of the following:* German name for Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia* Laibach , Slovenian industrial musical group** Laibach , the title of the debut album by the band with this name...
/IRWIN
IRWIN
IRWIN is a collective of Slovenian artists, primarily painters, and an original founding member of Neue Slowenische Kunst .- History :In 1983, the artists Dušan Mandič, Miran Mohar, Andrej Savski, Roman Uranjek, and Borut Vogelnik, coming from the punk and graffiti scene in Ljubljana, formed an...
/Neue Slowenische Kunst
Neue Slowenische Kunst
Neue Slowenische Kunst , aka NSK, is a controversial political art collective that announced itself in Slovenia in 1984, when Slovenia was part of Yugoslavia. NSK's name, being German, is compatible with a theme in NSK works: the complicated relationship Slovenes have had with Germans...
theater production Krst pod Triglavom - Baptism Below Triglav
Baptism (Laibach album)
Baptism was the third album by Laibach. It is the soundtrack to the Neue Slowenische Kunst production of the same name...
was produced and released as an album. The performance was centered around the theme of Slovenia's conversion to Christianity by invading Germanic peoples.
Triglav in the art of SFRY
Triglav was the highest peak of (now defunct) YugoslaviaYugoslavia
Yugoslavia refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the Balkans during most of the 20th century....
; it was both the most prominent peak and, together with the southern Vardar
Vardar
The Vardar or Axios is the longest and major river in the Republic of Macedonia and also a major river of Greece. It is long, and drains an area of around . The maximum depth of river is ....
river (now in Republic of Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia
Macedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country located in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...
), the symbol of Yugoslav "brotherhood and unity
Brotherhood and unity
Brotherhood and Unity was a popular slogan of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia that was coined during the Yugoslav People's Liberation War , and which evolved into a guiding principle of Yugoslavia's post-war inter-ethnic policy....
".
External links
- Triglav on Hribi.net
- Triglav on SummitPost
- Computer generated summit panoramas North South Index
