A tudor domain is a conserved protein

Protein

Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...

 structural motif

Structural motif

In a chain-like biological molecule, such as a protein or nucleic acid, a structural motif is a supersecondary structure, which appears also in a variety of other molecules...

 originally identified as a region of 50 amino acid

Amino acid

Amino acids are molecules containing an amine group, a carboxylic acid group and a side-chain that varies between different amino acids. The key elements of an amino acid are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen...

s found in the Tudor protein encoded in Drosophila

Drosophila

Drosophila is a genus of small flies, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "fruit flies" or more appropriately pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many species to linger around overripe or rotting fruit...

. The structurally characterized Tudor domain in human SMN (survival of motor neuron

Survival of motor neuron

The Survival of Motor Neuron is a protein involved in the assembly of snRNPs, the essential components of spliceosomal machinery. A lack of SMN due to SMN1 deletion results in widespread splicing defects, especially in spinal motor neurons, and is one cause of spinal muscular atrophy.SMN also...

) is a strongly bent anti-parallel β-sheet

Beta sheet

The β sheet is the second form of regular secondary structure in proteins, only somewhat less common than the alpha helix. Beta sheets consist of beta strands connected laterally by at least two or three backbone hydrogen bonds, forming a generally twisted, pleated sheet...

 consisting of five β-strands with a barrel-like fold and recognizes symmetrically dimethylated

Methylation

In the chemical sciences, methylation denotes the addition of a methyl group to a substrate or the substitution of an atom or group by a methyl group. Methylation is a form of alkylation with, to be specific, a methyl group, rather than a larger carbon chain, replacing a hydrogen atom...

 arginine

Arginine

Arginine is an α-amino acid. The L-form is one of the 20 most common natural amino acids. At the level of molecular genetics, in the structure of the messenger ribonucleic acid mRNA, CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, and AGG, are the triplets of nucleotide bases or codons that codify for arginine during...

.

The proteins TP53BP1

TP53BP1

Tumor suppressor p53-binding protein 1 also known as p53-binding protein 1 or 53BP1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TP53BP1 gene.- Clinical significance :53BP1 is underexpressed in most cases of triple-negative breast cancer....

 (Tumor suppressor p53-binding protein 1) and its fission yeast homolog

Homology (biology)

Homology forms the basis of organization for comparative biology. In 1843, Richard Owen defined homology as "the same organ in different animals under every variety of form and function". Organs as different as a bat's wing, a seal's flipper, a cat's paw and a human hand have a common underlying...

 Crb2 and JMJD2A

JMJD2A

Lysine-specific demethylase 4A is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KDM4A gene.-Further reading:...

 (Jumonji domain containing 2A) contain either tandem or double Tudor domains and recognize methylated histone

Histone

In biology, histones are highly alkaline proteins found in eukaryotic cell nuclei that package and order the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes. They are the chief protein components of chromatin, acting as spools around which DNA winds, and play a role in gene regulation...

s.

Tudor domains may also be involved in RNA

RNA

Ribonucleic acid , or RNA, is one of the three major macromolecules that are essential for all known forms of life....

 binding.

Other tudor domain containing proteins include AKAP1

AKAP1

A kinase anchor protein 1, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AKAP1 gene.-Interactions:AKAP1 has been shown to interact with MYCBP, C3orf15, PRKAR1A, PRKAR2A and PRKAR1B.-Further reading:...

 (A-kinase anchor protein 1) and ARID4A

ARID4A

AT rich interactive domain 4A , also known as ARID4A, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ARID4A gene.- Function :...

(AT rich interactive domain 4A) among others. A well known Tudor domain containing protein is Staphylococcal Nuclease Domain Containing 1 (SND1)/Tudor-SN/p100 co activator. SND1 is involved in RISC complex and interacts with AEG-1 oncogene. SND1 is also acts as an oncogene and plays very important role in HCC and colon cancer.