Tulane University School of Medicine
Encyclopedia
The Tulane University School of Medicine is located in New Orleans, Louisiana
Louisiana
Louisiana is a state located in the southern region of the United States of America. Its capital is Baton Rouge and largest city is New Orleans. Louisiana is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes, which are local governments equivalent to counties...

, USA and is a part of Tulane University
Tulane University
Tulane University is a private, nonsectarian research university located in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States...

. The school is located in the Medical District of the New Orleans Central Business District
New Orleans Central Business District
The Central Business District is a neighborhood of the city of New Orleans. A subdistrict of the French Quarter/CBD Area, its boundaries as defined by the City Planning Commission are: Iberville, Decatur and Canal Streets to the north, the Mississippi River to the east, the New Orleans Morial...

.

History

The school was founded in 1834 as the Medical College of Louisiana and is the 15th oldest medical school in the United States and the 2nd oldest in the deep south. The first classes were held in 1835 at a variety of locations, including Charity Hospital
Charity Hospital
Charity Hospital was one of two teaching hospitals which were part of the Medical Center of Louisiana at New Orleans . Three weeks after the events of Hurricane Katrina, then Governor Kathleen Blanco said that Charity Hospital would not reopen, even though the military had scrubbed the building to...

 and the Strangers Unitarian Church.

Early Founding

In October 1832, Dr. Warren Stone, a young physician who received his medical degree from the Medical School of Pittsfield, Massachusetts, was one of 108 passengers aboard an ill-fated brig, the Amelia, which set sail from New York to New Orleans carrying valuable cargo. On the fourth day out, a terrific storm occurred; the passengers were put below and the hatches were
battened down. When the storm lifted, it was discovered that twenty-five passengers were in advanced stages of cholera. On October 30, the Amelia attempted unsuccessfully to make the Charleston harbor. Leaking badly, she was beached on Folly Island and had to be burned. Her passengers were made as comfortable as possible. Charleston Port authorities quarantined the island and put a young physician, Thomas Hunt, in charge of the situation with Dr. Stone as first assistant. The experiences shared by the two young
doctors brought them into a friendship, which lasted throughout their lives. They were on Folly Island for three weeks, during which time Dr. Stone ignited the imagination of Hunt with the great medical possibilities in epidemic-ridden Louisiana. It is said that these two kindred spirits discussed plans for a medical college in New Orleans. After several weeks the quarantine was lifted, and Warren Stone departed for New Orleans while Hunt returned to his home in Charleston, accompanied by an attack of cholera. Hunt resolved to join Stone in New Orleans as soon as possible. When Dr. Stone arrived in New Orleans, he found the city plagued with epidemics of yellow fever and cholera. He immediately accepted a position at Charity Hospital, which had just been completed. When Hunt later reached New Orleans, he also joined the staff of Charity Hospital, all the while cherishing his dream of a medical college in the city. In addition to resuming his friendship with Stone, he also became associated with other young physicians: John Hoffman Harrison, Thomas Ingalls, Charles A. Luzenberg, James Monroe Mackie, Augustus Cenas, and Edwin Bathurst Smith. Men of vision, energy, and determination, all were graduates of reputable medical schools. Realizing the need for educated physicians in the South, they visualized the growth of a medical school in New Orleans built around the clinics of Charity Hospital. When Dr. Hunt was ready to begin the project of which he had long dreamed, he turned to Drs. Stone, Luzenberg, and Harrison. "These four pooled their resources, making a sort of informal, unchartered stock company, chose the other doctors to help, [and] divided up the fields of instruction...”1 A Prospectus was published in The Bee (September 1834), written by Thomas Hunt and bearing the signatures of Drs. Hunt, Luzenberg, Harrison, Mackie, Cenas, Ingalls, and Smith. The daring, optimistic Prospectus stated that the young doctors hoped to "...advance the cause of science, and to disseminate rational principles so as to remove or alleviate human suffering..."2 Although the Prospectus was received with catcalls rather than enthusiasm, the young physicians' determination remained undaunted.

Late 1800s to present

The first permanent building for the school was constructed in the French Quarter
French Quarter
The French Quarter, also known as Vieux Carré, is the oldest neighborhood in the city of New Orleans. When New Orleans was founded in 1718 by Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville, the city was originally centered on the French Quarter, or the Vieux Carré as it was known then...

 in 1844. In 1893, the school moved to Canal Street
Canal Street
Canal Street may refer to:* Canal Street , England, UK* Canal Street, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA* Canal Street , New York City, New York, USA...

 in the Richardson building, and then shortly after to the Hutchison Building, also on Canal. Finally, in 1930, the school moved to its current location -- the Hutchinson Memorial Building -- on Tulane Avenue, next to Charity Hospital.

In 2007 the school acquired the Murphy Oil Building on S. Robertson by donation. The Murphy building houses the DeBakey Educational Center, a simulation center, a student lounge with gym, and several administrative offices.

Admissions and Research

The school has highly competitive admissions, accepting only 175 medical students from more than 10,000 applications. About 40 percent of the students in each class are concurrently enrolled as candidates for the master of public health degree in the School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine. It is estimated that Tulane University has graduated more than 40 percent of all physicians in the U.S. who have earned both M.D. and master of public health degrees.
In 2001 the Tulane Center for Gene Therapy started as the first major center in the U.S. to focus on research using adult stem cells.

Today, the medical school is but one part of the Tulane University
Tulane University
Tulane University is a private, nonsectarian research university located in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States...

 Health Sciences Center, which includes the School of Medicine, the Tulane University Hospital and Clinic, the School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, the University Health Service, the Tulane National Primate Research Center, the U.S.-Japan Biomedical Research Laboratories, and the Tulane/Xavier Center for Bioenvironmental Research. Most components of the Health Sciences Center are located in the heart of New Orleans, in the medical district that comprises Tulane facilities and the LSU/Charity Hospital center just north of the New Orleans Central Business District
New Orleans Central Business District
The Central Business District is a neighborhood of the city of New Orleans. A subdistrict of the French Quarter/CBD Area, its boundaries as defined by the City Planning Commission are: Iberville, Decatur and Canal Streets to the north, the Mississippi River to the east, the New Orleans Morial...

. It comprises 20 academic departments: Anesthesiology, Biochemistry, Family and Community Medicine, Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Neurosurgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ophthalmology, Orthopaedics, Otolaryngology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pediatrics, Pharmacology, Physiology, Psychiatry and Neurology, Radiology, Structural and Cellular Biology, Surgery and Urology.

The school periodically hosts social events with the Tulane University Law School
Tulane University Law School
Tulane University Law School is the law school of Tulane University. It is located on Tulane's Uptown campus in New Orleans, Louisiana. Established in 1847, it is the 12th oldest law school in the United States....

 and the Freeman School of Business
Freeman School of Business
The Freeman School of Business, at Tulane University, is located in New Orleans, LA. The school offers undergraduate programs, a full-time MBA program and other master's programs, doctoral programs, and many executive-education programs, and consistently ranks among the top business schools...

.

On August 31, 2009, Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal
Bobby Jindal
Piyush "Bobby" Jindal is the 55th and current Governor of Louisiana and formerly a member of the United States House of Representatives. He is a member of the Republican Party....

 along with Tulane President Scott Cowen
Scott Cowen
Scott S. Cowen is 14th president of Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana, where he is also Seymour S. Goodman Memorial Professor in the A.B. Freeman School of Business and professor of economics in Tulane's School of Liberal Arts. He has written more than a hundred peer-reviewed journal...

 and Louisiana State University System
Louisiana State University System
The Louisiana State University System is budgetarily the largest public university system in Louisiana. John V. Lombardi is the system's president...

 President John V. Lombardi
John V. Lombardi
John Vincent Paul Maher Lombardi is an American university professor and administrator. Lombardi currently serves as the president of the Louisiana State University System, a position he has held since 2007. He is a native of California, and earned his bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees...

 approved a plan to establish both schools as board members for the future $1.2 billion University Medical Center in New Orleans. The new 424-bed hospital will serve as the flagship for Tulane medical students and residents.

Facilities

  • Tulane's Medical Library, The Rudolph Matas Health Sciences Library, is named after the renowned Professor of Surgery at Tulane University Rudolph Matas
    Rudolph Matas
    Rudolph Matas , a prominent and innovative surgeon was born outside of New Orleans in Bonnet Carre, Louisiana, on September 12, 1860. Matas spent much of his childhood in his parents' native land of Spain, returning to the New Orleans in 1877 to begin his medical training at the Medical School of...

    , despite the journal Science stating of Matas that "his colleagues have felt for many years that by consulting him they could extract more information from his encyclopedic mind than they could obtain from a visit to a library." (Science, 1934)

  • The Tulane Center for Advanced Medical Simulation and Team Training gives medical students, residents, practicing physicians, nurses, technicians, first responders and other healthcare providers the opportunity to learn and perfect the latest techniques and best practices for patient care and safety. The Tulane Sim Center features 14000 square feet (1,300.6 m²) of real-life environments and meeting space for hands-on training, instruction and skills assessment including an Emergency Room, Intensive Care Unit, Operating Room, Labor & Delivery room, 4 Hospital Patient Rooms, 4 Office Exam Rooms, and a Nurses Station.

Notable alumni and faculty

  • James Andrews (physician)
    James Andrews (physician)
    James Rheuben Andrews, M.D., born 1942 in Homer, Louisiana, is an orthopedic surgeon who practices at the Andrews Institute for Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine in Gulf Breeze, Florida. He also practices in Birmingham, Alabama at the Andrews Sports Medicine & Orthopaedic Center located at St....

    , M.D., Former house staff, orthopedics (1969-1972), internationally known orthopedic surgeon and sports medicine specialist. Founder of American Sports Medicine Institute, member of the Sports medicine Committee of the United States Olympic Committee. team physician for a number of professional and collegiate teams. Surgeon to numerous professional athletes including Jack Nicklaus, Michael Jordan, Emmitt Smith, John Smoltz, Brett Favre, Drew Brees, Troy Aikman, Charles Barkley, Bo Jackson, and many others.
  • George E. Burch
    George E. Burch
    George Edward Burch was a shaper of modern cardiology during the middle part of the twentieth century, whose accomplishments included elucidating the fundamental physiological basis of important cardiovascular diseases, in addition to contributions to the teaching of medicine and cardiology. He...

    , M.D., 1933, internationally known cardiologist; Editor, American Heart Journal. 1959-1982; Chairman of the World Health Organization Expert Advisory Panel on Cardiovascular Diseases and Chairman of the Advisory Committee to the U.S. Army on Environmental Medicine and Physiology involved in successfully sending the first two chimpanzees into space, continuing as a consultant to NASA
  • Charles Cassidy (C.C.) Bass, M.D., 1899, pioneer researcher on malaria, hookworm , and dental caries; Dean, Tulane School of Medicine, 1922-40 (Tulane's Golden Years).
  • Elizabeth Bass, M.D., 1911, one of the first women faculty at the medical school, three years before women were admitted as students
  • Jay Cavanaugh
    Jay Cavanaugh
    When considering the witches brew of concoctions the drug companies want to pour down my throat and into my veins I say a resounding "Just Say No". - Dr. Jay Cavanaugh, Overgrow forums, March 11, 2003....

    , Ph.D, 1994, member, California State Board of Pharmacy (1980-90), director, American Alliance for Medical Cannabis, 2001
  • Michael E. DeBakey
    Michael E. DeBakey
    Michael Elias DeBakey was a world-renowned Lebanese-American cardiac surgeon, innovator, scientist, medical educator, and international medical statesman...

    , M.D., 1932, pioneer of modern medicine (cardiovascular surgery) and recipient of the Congressional Gold Medal
  • Dean H. Echols, M.D., faculty 1937-1973, first neurosurgeon on faculty of Tulane; one of eight founders of the American Academy of Neurological Surgery and first President; establishes The Society of Neurological Surgeons Foundation; trains 4 neurosurgeons who subsequently become academic department chairmen.
  • H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr.
    H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr.
    Hugo Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. is an American philosopher, holding doctorates in both philosophy from the University of Texas at Austin and medicine from Tulane University. He is a professor of philosophy at Rice University, in Houston, Texas, specializing in the history and philosophy of medicine,...

    , M.D.; Ph.D. Tulane 1972. American philosopher specializing in continental philosophy and medical ethics. Professor of philosophy at Rice University.
  • Paul Finger
    Paul Finger
    Paul T. Finger, MD, FACS, is an ophthalmologist in New York, New York specializing in ocular oncology. Dr. Finger has pioneered the use of palladium-103 plaque radiation to treat choroidal melanoma and 3D and high-frequency ultrasound to image intraocular tumors.-Education:Dr. Finger received his...

    , M.D., 1982, pioneered the use of palladium-103 plaque radiation to treat choroidal melanoma and 3D and high-frequency ultrasound to image intraocular tumors.
  • Edgar Hull
    Edgar Hull
    Edgar Hull, Jr. , was a physician from Louisiana and in 1931 a founding faculty member of the Louisiana State University Medical Center in New Orleans. In 1966, he became the first Dean of the Louisiana State University School of Medicine at Shreveport...

    , M.D., 1927, co-founder of Medical Center of Louisiana at New Orleans
    Medical Center of Louisiana at New Orleans
    The Medical Center of Louisiana at New Orleans is the official name of two teaching hospitals in New Orleans, Louisiana. Both hospitals are part of the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center in New Orleans, commonly referred to as the LSU Medical School in New Orleans.The two hospitals...

     (1931) and Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport
    Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport
    Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport is the academic center for medicine and medical research in North Louisiana. It is located in Shreveport and is part of the Louisiana State University System. The medical school opened in 1969. One of its founders was Dr. Joe E...

     (1969); later disputed the T. Harry Williams
    T. Harry Williams
    Thomas Harry Williams was an award-winning historian at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge whose career began in 1941 and extended for thirty-eight years until his death at the age of seventy...

     account of the assassination
    Assassination
    To carry out an assassination is "to murder by a sudden and/or secret attack, often for political reasons." Alternatively, assassination may be defined as "the act of deliberately killing someone, especially a public figure, usually for hire or for political reasons."An assassination may be...

     and death of Huey Pierce Long, Jr.
  • Louis J. Ignarro, faculty (1973-1985), Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1998)
  • Thomas Naum James
    Thomas Naum James
    Thomas Naum James was a leading American cardiologist during the last half of the twentieth century. He was chairman of the Department of Medicine at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and then president of the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston...

    , M.D., 1949, director, World Health Organization cardiovascular center
  • Ruth L. Kirschstein
    Ruth L. Kirschstein
    Ruth L. Kirschstein, M.D. was a pathologist and science administrator at the National Institutes of Health . Dr...

    , M.D., 1951, director, National Institutes of Health, for whom the Kirschstein NRSA grant program is named
  • Alvan Lafargue
    Alvan Lafargue
    Alvan Henry Lafargue, Sr. , was a Louisiana physician, politician, and civic leader. His medical practice exceeded fifty years...

    , attended prior to 1910, physician in Sulphur
    Sulphur, Louisiana
    Sulphur is a city in Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 22,512 at the 2000 census. Sulphur is a suburb of Lake Charles, and is part of the Lake Charles Metropolitan Statistical Area.-History:...

     (1915-1962), mayor of Sulphur, 1926-1932
  • Leslie L. Lukash, M.D., 1944, Nassau County, NY medical examiner, inspiration for the television show Quincy, M.D. Founded National Association of Medical Examiners.
  • Rudolph Matas
    Rudolph Matas
    Rudolph Matas , a prominent and innovative surgeon was born outside of New Orleans in Bonnet Carre, Louisiana, on September 12, 1860. Matas spent much of his childhood in his parents' native land of Spain, returning to the New Orleans in 1877 to begin his medical training at the Medical School of...

    , M.D., 1880, "father of vascular surgery"
  • William Larimer Mellon
    William Larimer Mellon
    William Larimer Mellon, Sr. , sometimes referred to as W. L., was a founder of Gulf Oil.-Biography:Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on June 1, 1868 to James Ross Mellon, eldest son of Judge Thomas Mellon, and Rachel Larimer Mellon, daughter of railroad and land baron William Larimer, Jr...

    , Jr., M.D., M’53, founder, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Haiti
  • Alton Ochsner
    Alton Ochsner
    Alton Ochsner was a surgeon and medical researcher who worked at Tulane University and other New Orleans hospitals before he established his own world-renowned The Ochsner Clinic, now known as Ochsner Foundation Hospital...

    , faculty, founder of Ochsner Clinic, pioneer anti-smoking advocate, President of the American Cancer Society, President of the American College of Surgeons, President of the International Society of Surgeons, Chairman of the Section on Surgery for the American Medical Association, and President of the Alton Ochsner Medical Foundation; received the Distinguished Service Award of the American Medical Association in 1967; popularized blood typing and blood transfusion in Europe; physician to Argentina's Juan Peron.
  • Donald J. Palmisano, M.D., A&S 1960, M 1963, President of the American Medical Association.
  • Andrew V. Schally, former faculty, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1977), French Legion of Honor
  • Ross Taubman, American Podiatric Medical Association president
  • Luther Leonidas Terry
    Luther Leonidas Terry
    Luther Terry was an American physician and public health official. He was appointed the ninth Surgeon General of the United States from 1961 to 1965, and is best known for his warnings against the dangers of and the impact of tobacco use on health.-Early years:Luther Leonidas Terry was born in Red...

    , M.D., 1935, U.S. surgeon general (1961 - 1965)
  • Lewis Thomas
    Lewis Thomas
    Lewis Thomas was a physician, poet, etymologist, essayist, administrator, educator, policy advisor, and researcher.Thomas was born in Flushing, New York and attended Princeton University and Harvard Medical School...

    , former faculty (1948-1950), physician, researcher, and essayist
  • Paul Wehrle
    Paul Wehrle
    Paul Francis Wehrle was a researcher and physician who helped develop of methods to prevent and treat polio and smallpox.He graduated from the University of Arizona and received his M.D. degree from Tulane in 1947...

    , physician who helped develop of methods to prevent and treat polio and smallpox
  • Charles B. Wilson, M.D., 1954, Neurosurgeon, pioneer in pituitary tumor treatment; Cushing Medal recipient.
  • Maxwell Wintrobe
    Maxwell Wintrobe
    Dr Maxwell Myer Wintrobe was an Austrian-born physician who was a 20th century authority in the medical field of hematology...

    , M.D.; Ph.D., Tulane, 1929, faculty (1927-30), pioneer in hematology developing method for hematocrit and sedimentation rate measurement and Wintrobe indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC) while at Tulane. Rewriting Musser's chapter on Diseases of Blood for Tice Practice of Medicine subsequently becomes the basis for Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology textbook.

Popular culture references

  • St. Elsewhere
    St. Elsewhere
    St. Elsewhere is an American medical drama television series that originally ran on NBC from October 26, 1982 to May 25, 1988. The series is set at fictional St. Eligius, a decaying urban teaching hospital in Boston's South End neighborhood...

    : Howie Mandel's character, Dr. Wayne Fiscus, attended Tulane Medical School.
  • Frasier
    Frasier
    Frasier is an American sitcom that was broadcast on NBC for eleven seasons, from September 16, 1993, to May 13, 2004. The program was created and produced by David Angell, Peter Casey, and David Lee in association with Grammnet and Paramount Network Television.A spin-off of Cheers, Frasier stars...

    : In the episode "Rooms with a View," when speaking of Niles' heart surgeon's past, Frasier remarks, "You all know how I feel about Tulane Medical School."

Affiliations

  • Tulane Medical Center
    Tulane Medical Center
    The Tulane Medical Center is a hospital located in New Orleans, Louisiana. The Tulane Medical Center has centers covering nearly all major specialties of medicine, and is the primary teaching hospital for the Tulane University School of Medicine...

  • Medical Center of Louisiana
  • Ochsner Medical Center
    Ochsner Medical Center
    Ochsner Medical Center, historically also known as Ochsner Clinic, Ochsner Hospital, and Ochsner Foundation Hospital, is a hospital in Jefferson, Louisiana, a short distance from the city limits of New Orleans. As the flagship of the Ochsner Health System, it was founded by Dr. Alton Ochsner,...

  • Veterans Affairs Medical Center.
  • Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine
    Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine
    The Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine is part of Tulane University of Louisiana. It is the oldest school of public health in the United States and the only American school of Tropical Medicine.-Departments:...


Clinical Departments


Centers


Programs



TUHC Centers of Excellence

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