Turkish Airlines Flight 345
Encyclopedia
Turkish Airlines Flight 345 (registration TC-JAP, named Bursa) was a Fokker F28-1000 Fellowship
operated by Turkish Airlines
. On January 30, 1975, during a scheduled domestic flight in Turkey
from Izmir Cumaovası Airport
(IZM) to Istanbul Yeşilköy Airport
(IST/LTBA), it crashed into the Sea of Marmara
during its final approach at the destination airport.
It was the second worst accident involving a Fokker F28 and third deadliest aviation accident in Turkey at that time.
to Istanbul-Yeşilköy with landing gear
down when an electrical power failure
occurred at the airport. The airport and runway lights went off but were restored within a few seconds. During this period of darkness, the crew initiated a missed approach
. The pilot elected to remain VFR
under a variable ceiling of 240 m (787.4 ft). Because another aircraft, a PAN-AM Boeing 747
, was about to take-off, an extended downwind leg was flown. The aircraft crashed into the Sea of Marmara while maneuvering for another approach.
Fellowship 1000 with two Rolls-Royce RB183-2 "Spey" Mk555-15 turbofan
jet engine
s, was built by Fokker
with manufacturer serial number 11058 and made its first flight in 1972.
trawling
fishermen off the Avcılar
-Florya
coast. The finding was handed over to Turkish Airlines after inspection by Stuart Kline, an American
historian of aviation
living in Turkey.
Fokker F28
The Fokker F28 Fellowship is a short range jet airliner designed and built by defunct Dutch aircraft manufacturer Fokker.-Design and development:...
operated by Turkish Airlines
Turkish Airlines
Turkish Airlines is the national flag carrier airline of Turkey, headquartered in the Turkish Airlines General Management Building on the grounds of Atatürk Airport in Yeşilköy, Bakirköy district, Istanbul...
. On January 30, 1975, during a scheduled domestic flight in Turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
from Izmir Cumaovası Airport
Adnan Menderes Airport
İzmir Adnan Menderes International Airport is an airport serving İzmir and is named after former Turkish prime minister Adnan Menderes. It is located in the Gaziemir area of İzmir....
(IZM) to Istanbul Yeşilköy Airport
Atatürk International Airport
Atatürk International Airport is the major international airport in Istanbul, Turkey. Opened in 1924 and located in Yeşilköy, on the European side of the city, it is west of the city centre. In 1980, the airport was renamed to Atatürk International Airport in honor of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the...
(IST/LTBA), it crashed into the Sea of Marmara
Sea of Marmara
The Sea of Marmara , also known as the Sea of Marmora or the Marmara Sea, and in the context of classical antiquity as the Propontis , is the inland sea that connects the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea, thus separating Turkey's Asian and European parts. The Bosphorus strait connects it to the Black...
during its final approach at the destination airport.
It was the second worst accident involving a Fokker F28 and third deadliest aviation accident in Turkey at that time.
Accident
The Fokker F28 jet was on a night instrument approachInstrument approach
For aircraft operating under instrument flight rules , an instrument approach or instrument approach procedure is a series of predetermined maneuvers for the orderly transfer of an aircraft under instrument flight conditions from the beginning of the initial approach to a landing, or to a point...
to Istanbul-Yeşilköy with landing gear
Landing Gear
Landing Gear is Devin the Dude's fifth studio album. It was released on October 7, 2008. It was his first studio album since signing with the label Razor & Tie. It features a high-profile guest appearance from Snoop Dogg. As of October 30, 2008, the album has sold 18,906 copies.-Track...
down when an electrical power failure
Power outage
A power outage is a short- or long-term loss of the electric power to an area.There are many causes of power failures in an electricity network...
occurred at the airport. The airport and runway lights went off but were restored within a few seconds. During this period of darkness, the crew initiated a missed approach
Missed approach
Missed approach is an instrument flight rules procedure which is a standard component segment of an instrument approach. Generally, if the pilot flying or the pilot in command determines by the time the aircraft is at the decision height or missed approach point , that the runway or its...
. The pilot elected to remain VFR
Visual flight rules
Visual flight rules are a set of regulations which allow a pilot to operate an aircraft in weather conditions generally clear enough to allow the pilot to see where the aircraft is going. Specifically, the weather must be better than basic VFR weather minimums, as specified in the rules of the...
under a variable ceiling of 240 m (787.4 ft). Because another aircraft, a PAN-AM Boeing 747
Boeing 747
The Boeing 747 is a wide-body commercial airliner and cargo transport, often referred to by its original nickname, Jumbo Jet, or Queen of the Skies. It is among the world's most recognizable aircraft, and was the first wide-body ever produced...
, was about to take-off, an extended downwind leg was flown. The aircraft crashed into the Sea of Marmara while maneuvering for another approach.
Crew and passengers
The aircraft had four crew and 38 passengers on board. All crew and passengers lost their lives at the accident.Aircraft
The aircraft, a Fokker F28Fokker F28
The Fokker F28 Fellowship is a short range jet airliner designed and built by defunct Dutch aircraft manufacturer Fokker.-Design and development:...
Fellowship 1000 with two Rolls-Royce RB183-2 "Spey" Mk555-15 turbofan
Turbofan
The turbofan is a type of airbreathing jet engine that is widely used for aircraft propulsion. A turbofan combines two types of engines, the turbo portion which is a conventional gas turbine engine, and the fan, a propeller-like ducted fan...
jet engine
Jet engine
A jet engine is a reaction engine that discharges a fast moving jet to generate thrust by jet propulsion and in accordance with Newton's laws of motion. This broad definition of jet engines includes turbojets, turbofans, rockets, ramjets, pulse jets...
s, was built by Fokker
Fokker
Fokker was a Dutch aircraft manufacturer named after its founder, Anthony Fokker. The company operated under several different names, starting out in 1912 in Schwerin, Germany, moving to the Netherlands in 1919....
with manufacturer serial number 11058 and made its first flight in 1972.
Recovery
The relatives of the victims continuously demanded without success the recovery of the wreckage and the bodies of the victims from the sea floor. A 3 m (9.8 ft) by 3 m (9.8 ft) 200 kg (440.9 lb) portion from the rear fuselage with five window frames was recovered on March 17, 2009 by shrimpShrimp
Shrimp are swimming, decapod crustaceans classified in the infraorder Caridea, found widely around the world in both fresh and salt water. Adult shrimp are filter feeding benthic animals living close to the bottom. They can live in schools and can swim rapidly backwards. Shrimp are an important...
trawling
Trawling
Trawling is a method of fishing that involves pulling a fishing net through the water behind one or more boats. The net that is used for trawling is called a trawl....
fishermen off the Avcılar
Avcilar
Avcılar is a district of Istanbul, Turkey, out of town on the European side of the city, just to the west of the Küçükçekmece inlet of the Sea of Marmara.-History:The Marmara coast road bridges the mouth of the inlet, always an important route in wartime...
-Florya
Florya
Florya is a neighborhood belonging to the Bakırköy district of the greater Istanbul, Turkey. It is located along Marmara Sea, and borders to the northeast the neighborhood of Yeşilköy, to the northwest that of Küçükçekmece. It is one of the high class and rich areas of Istanbul...
coast. The finding was handed over to Turkish Airlines after inspection by Stuart Kline, an American
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
historian of aviation
Aviation history
The history of aviation has extended over more than two thousand years from the earliest attempts in kites and gliders to powered heavier-than-air, supersonic and hypersonic flight.The first form of man-made flying objects were kites...
living in Turkey.
See also
- List of accidents and incidents involving airliners by airline