Turksat (satellite)
Encyclopedia
Turksat is name of many Turkish
communication satellites. The Turksat project is supervised by Aérospatiale
and Turksat (company).
from Centre Spatial Guyanais
in Kourou, French Guiana on January 24, 1994.
Due to the failure of the launcher, the satellite exploded in the air before reaching its orbit.
orbit on August 11, 1994. After the orbital tests Turksat 1B was put into service on October 10, 1994.
Turksat 1B has three different coverage areas. (Turkey, Central Europe and Central Asia) Satellite carries 16 transponders, 10 of 36 MHz, 6 of 72 MHz operate in Ku band
(11–14 GHz). There are 4 transponder switching capability between Turkey and Central Europe and 3 between Turkey and Central Asia.
Turksat 1B provides TV and radio broadcasting, data and telephone transmissions. On the other hand, TES (Telephony Earth Station) Project and Internet Broadcasting
Systems (including 40 southeast rural area IBS) are also transmitting from TURKSAT 1B.
Turksat 1C was designed for covering Turkey on west spot and Europe on east spot so as to serve simultaneously between Turkey and Europe with Turkey and Central Asia and to provide direct connection between Europe and Central Asia.
Turksat 1C was successfully launched at 31.3°E position on July 10, 1996. Completing the orbital tests, this satellite shifted from longitude 31.3°E to 42°E
. After this process which took 17 days, the broadcast traffic of the Turksat 1B was transferred to Turksat 1C. Finally when these processes finished Turksat 1B was shifted with similar orbital manoeuvres to 31.3°E position.
On July 16, all traffic on Turksat 1C was transferred to Turksat 3A. After this date Turksat 1C was shifted at 31.3°E. It is being used in inclined orbit.
Türk Telekom
set up a joint venture company with Aérospatiale (merged by Alcatel Space, then Thales Alenia Space
), called EurasiaSat, which would be in charge of purchasing a new generation satellite named Turksat 2A (also known as Eurasiasat 1). Turksat 2A started commercial service on February 1, 2001 with the same 42°E
location of Turksat 1C.
Turksat 2A satellite carries a 34 high powered transponders payload consisting of 22 of 33 MHz fixed beam transponders and 12 of 36 MHz transponders with 2 steerable beams.
Turksat 2A BSS Band fixed beam transponders have two coverage zones like Turksat 1C:
Inside of the footprint
such as south asia and Republic of South Africa can be accessed over the Turksat 2A FSS Band steerable beam transponders.
's Turkey coverage has been specially designed to provide very efficient gain for broadband applications like VSAT services giving customers low-cost, up-link systems.
Based on Thales Alenia Space Spacebus 4000B2, Turksat 3A is fitted with 24 Ku-band transponders and offers beginning of life power of about 8 kW. Positioned at 42°E
, Turksat 3A will weight 3060 kg at launch and will replace Turksat 1C satellite.
Turksat 3A was launched by Arianespace
atop an Ariane 5ECA
carrier rocket, along with the British Skynet 5C
satellite, in a dual-payload launch on 12 June 2008 at 22:05:02 GMT, from ELA-3
at the Guiana Space Centre.
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
communication satellites. The Turksat project is supervised by Aérospatiale
Aérospatiale
Aérospatiale was a French aerospace manufacturer that built both civilian and military aircraft, rockets and satellites. It was originally known as Société Nationale Industrielle Aérospatiale...
and Turksat (company).
Turksat 1A
Turksat 1A was the first attempt of the project and launched by Ariane 4Ariane 4
Ariane 4 was an expendable launch system, designed by the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales and manufactured and marketed by its subsidiary Arianespace. Ariane 4 was justly known as the ‘workhorse’ of the Ariane family. Since its first flight on 15 June 1988 until the last, on 15 February 2003, it...
from Centre Spatial Guyanais
Centre Spatial Guyanais
The Guiana Space Centre or, more commonly, Centre Spatial Guyanais is a French spaceport near Kourou in French Guiana. Operational since 1968, it is particularly suitable as a location for a spaceport due to its proximity to the equator, and that launches are in a favourable direction over water...
in Kourou, French Guiana on January 24, 1994.
Due to the failure of the launcher, the satellite exploded in the air before reaching its orbit.
Turksat 1B
After the loss of Turksat 1A, Turksat 1B was successfully located at 42°E42nd meridian east
The meridian 42° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole....
orbit on August 11, 1994. After the orbital tests Turksat 1B was put into service on October 10, 1994.
Turksat 1B has three different coverage areas. (Turkey, Central Europe and Central Asia) Satellite carries 16 transponders, 10 of 36 MHz, 6 of 72 MHz operate in Ku band
Ku band
The Kμ band is a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum in the microwave range of frequencies. This symbol refers to —in other words, the band directly below the K-band...
(11–14 GHz). There are 4 transponder switching capability between Turkey and Central Europe and 3 between Turkey and Central Asia.
Turksat 1B provides TV and radio broadcasting, data and telephone transmissions. On the other hand, TES (Telephony Earth Station) Project and Internet Broadcasting
Internet Broadcasting
Internet Broadcasting , or IB, is a provider of Websites, content and advertising revenue solution to the largest and most successful media companies in the world. IB hosts over 70 local stations' sites, and co-produced NBCOlympics.com for the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece and the 2006...
Systems (including 40 southeast rural area IBS) are also transmitting from TURKSAT 1B.
Turksat 1C
After Turksat 1A launch failure, Aérospatiale Company started building a new satellite under the insurance terms of the turnkey system contract. Modifying the contract with Aérospatiale, Turksat 1C coverage area was enlarged by 2 big zones different from Turksat 1B coverage areas.Turksat 1C was designed for covering Turkey on west spot and Europe on east spot so as to serve simultaneously between Turkey and Europe with Turkey and Central Asia and to provide direct connection between Europe and Central Asia.
Turksat 1C was successfully launched at 31.3°E position on July 10, 1996. Completing the orbital tests, this satellite shifted from longitude 31.3°E to 42°E
42nd meridian east
The meridian 42° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole....
. After this process which took 17 days, the broadcast traffic of the Turksat 1B was transferred to Turksat 1C. Finally when these processes finished Turksat 1B was shifted with similar orbital manoeuvres to 31.3°E position.
On July 16, all traffic on Turksat 1C was transferred to Turksat 3A. After this date Turksat 1C was shifted at 31.3°E. It is being used in inclined orbit.
Turksat 2A
Turksat Satellite Systems continued progress regarding the need of new satellites having multi-channels, larger coverage, and backup capability like the other Satellite Operator satellites in the international market. To serve with a larger coverage area for resident customers and to compete with the other Satellite Operators in the literal sense, the new satellite would be located at the same position with Turksat 1C.Türk Telekom
Türk Telekom
Türk Telekom is the formerly state owned Turkish telecommunications company. Türk Telekom was being separated from the Post Office in 1995. In November 2005 it was privatized to Oger Telecom....
set up a joint venture company with Aérospatiale (merged by Alcatel Space, then Thales Alenia Space
Thales Alenia Space
Thales Alenia Space is an aerospace company born after the Thales Group bought the participation of Alcatel in the two joint-ventures between Alcatel and Finmeccanica, Alcatel Alenia Space and Telespazio.-History:...
), called EurasiaSat, which would be in charge of purchasing a new generation satellite named Turksat 2A (also known as Eurasiasat 1). Turksat 2A started commercial service on February 1, 2001 with the same 42°E
42nd meridian east
The meridian 42° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole....
location of Turksat 1C.
Turksat 2A satellite carries a 34 high powered transponders payload consisting of 22 of 33 MHz fixed beam transponders and 12 of 36 MHz transponders with 2 steerable beams.
Turksat 2A BSS Band fixed beam transponders have two coverage zones like Turksat 1C:
- West Zone covers the British Isles in the west, Scandinavian countries in the north, North Africa in the south, Caspian Sea in the east.
- East Zone covers the Balkan Peninsula in the west, Russian Federation in the north, Pakistan in the south, China national boundary in the east.
Inside of the footprint
Footprint (satellite)
The footprint of a communications satellite is the ground area that its transponders offer coverage, and determines the satellite dish diameter required to receive each transponder's signal...
such as south asia and Republic of South Africa can be accessed over the Turksat 2A FSS Band steerable beam transponders.
Turksat 3A
Turksat 3A satellite will enable Turksat to offer telecommunication services as well as direct TV broadcasting services though a broader area than its existing satellites covering Turkey, Europe, Middle East, North Africa and Central Asia. With the help of its switchable transponders, Turksat 3A will act as a bridge between Europe and Asia. Turksat 3ATurksat 3A
Turksat 3A is a Turkish communications satellite, to be operated by Turksat. It was constructed by Thales Alenia Space, based on the Spacebus 4000B2 satellite bus, and was launched by Arianespace atop an Ariane 5ECA carrier rocket, along with the British Skynet 5C satellite, in a dual-payload...
's Turkey coverage has been specially designed to provide very efficient gain for broadband applications like VSAT services giving customers low-cost, up-link systems.
Based on Thales Alenia Space Spacebus 4000B2, Turksat 3A is fitted with 24 Ku-band transponders and offers beginning of life power of about 8 kW. Positioned at 42°E
42nd meridian east
The meridian 42° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole....
, Turksat 3A will weight 3060 kg at launch and will replace Turksat 1C satellite.
Turksat 3A was launched by Arianespace
Arianespace
Arianespace SA is a French company founded in 1980 as the world's first commercial space transportation company. It undertakes the production, operation, and marketing of the Ariane 5 rocket launcher as part of the Ariane programme....
atop an Ariane 5ECA
Ariane 5
Ariane 5 is, as a part of Ariane rocket family, an expendable launch system used to deliver payloads into geostationary transfer orbit or low Earth orbit . Ariane 5 rockets are manufactured under the authority of the European Space Agency and the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales...
carrier rocket, along with the British Skynet 5C
Skynet 5C
Skynet 5C is the third and currently final Skynet 5 military communications satellite, to be used by the British Ministry of Defence . It was launched from French Guiana aboard an Ariane 5ECA carrier rocket at 22:05:02 GMT on 12 June 2008...
satellite, in a dual-payload launch on 12 June 2008 at 22:05:02 GMT, from ELA-3
ELA-3
ELA-3, short for Ensemble de Lancement Ariane 3 , is a launch pad and associated facilities at the Centre Spatial Guyanais in French Guyana. ELA-3 is operated by Arianespace as part of the expendable launch system for Ariane 5 rockets...
at the Guiana Space Centre.