Turner Construction
Encyclopedia
Turner Construction Company is one of the largest construction
management companies in the United States
with a construction volume of $8 billion in 2010. It is a subsidiary of HOCHTIEF
Germany.
. Turner's first job was a $687 project to build a concrete vault for Thrift Bank in Brooklyn
. In 1903, a Scottish
industrialist named Robert Gair involved in manufacturing paper products hired Turner Construction to build a plant in Brooklyn. The facility, finished in 1904, measured 180000 sq ft (16,722.5 m²), making it the largest reinforced concrete building in the US. At the same time the company was developing plans for the Gair building, it began building staircases for the New York City subway system
. The stairs were designed to be constructed with steel, but Turner thought concrete was a less expensive alternative. After examining public bidding records, Turner undercut competing offers and was awarded the chance to build several staircases in concrete. His alternative worked, leading to contracts for over 50 staircases and platforms for the Interborough Rapid Transit. Branch offices were established to help the company maintain its expanding geographic scope, beginning with an office in Philadelphia in 1907, Buffalo
in 1908, followed by a Boston
office in 1916. When the US entered World War I
, Turner was among the country's most successful builders. The first 15 years of Turner's history saw it complete $35 million worth of work and constructed buildings for some of the country's largest businesses, including Western Electric
, Standard Oil
, Kodak and Colgate
.
From World War I
to the Great Depression
, the company's billings grew from under $12 million to nearly $44 million. Like most industries, construction suffered during the economic collapse and Turner's volume fell to $2.5 million by 1933. The company recovered and revenues increased to $12 million by 1937. The company's commercial construction was suspended during the war years, instead focusing on constructing military camps, factories, and government buildings. Henry Turner ended his reign as president in 1941. He relegated himself to chairman, making room for his brother, Archie Turner, as president. Archie Turner led the company through the war, but poor health limited his tenure. In October 1946, Henry Turner retired as chairman, handing the post to his ailing brother. For his replacement, Archie Turner selected Admiral Ben Moreell
, the individual responsible for forming the Seabees. One month after his appointment, Archie Turner died of a heart attack. Four months later, Moreell resigned, and the void was filled by Henry Turner's son, Henry Chandlee (Chan) Turner, Jr.
building in New York in 1952 and the New York headquarters of Chase Manhattan Bank in 1956. During the 1960s, notable projects included the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts
in the early 1960s and Madison Square Garden
in 1967. A branch was opened in Cincinnati in 1954, followed by offices in Los Angeles
in 1964, Cleveland and Columbus in 1966, and San Francisco in 1968. In 1969, Turner issued over-the-counter
stock. In 1972, the company's stock began trading on the American Stock Exchange
. The company added offices in Detroit and Denver in 1973; Pittsburgh and Atlanta in 1976; Seattle in 1977; and Miami and Portland in 1979. Notable projects included the Vanderbilt University
Medical Center Hospital in 1974 and the John Fitzgerald Kennedy Library in 1977, the year Turner eclipsed $1 billion in sales.
Howard Sinclair Turner became president in 1965, and was chairman from 1970 to 1978, when he was succeeded by Walter B. Shaw. Shaw joined the company shortly before the war, was one of Admiral Moreell's Seabee officers in the Pacific and returned to Turner Construction after the war.
In 1981 Turner Construction acquired Universal Construction, a business founded by Franklin P. Gresham in Huntsville, Alabama
.
In 1984, Shaw appointed Herbert Conant as president. In 1984, the Turner Corporation was formed as a holding company with Turner Construction, Turner International Industries and Turner Development Corporation, as subsidiaries. In this new guise, the company added to its physical presence, opening an office in Connecticut in 1980; three California offices in 1983, an office in Orlando in 1984 and offices in Phoenix and Nashville in 1986. A San Jose branch was opened in 1987, followed by Dallas in 1988, and offices in Arlington Heights
and Kansas City in 1989. Among the projects completed during the 1980s were the Texas Commerce Tower, United Airlines Terminal 1 at O'Hare International Airport
, and Los Angeles' First Interstate World Center.
in 1910, followed by a football stadium for the University of Pittsburgh
in 1925. In 1995, the company completed construction of the Rose Garden Arena
, Portland. In 1996, they built a 72,000-seat stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina, followed by completion of INVESCO Field at Mile High
in 2001.
In August 1999, Hochtief AG of Germany
purchased The Turner Corporation for $370 million. By extension, Turner Construction Company gained access to Hochtief’s operations in Australia
, the United Kingdom
and the heavy construction field. In 2002, Turner Construction expanded its presence in the Washington D.C. area by acquiring J.A. Jones-Tompkins Builders, Inc., the former subsidiary of J.A. Jones Construction Company. Tompkins Builders, Inc., a new entity, is now a wholly owned subsidiary of Turner Construction.
: Kuwait City, KuwaitBurj Khalifa: United Arab Emirates
Emirates Palace Hotel : Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesMubarak Centre: Lahore
, Pakistan
Taipei 101
: TaiwanTuntex Sky Tower
: Kaohsiung City, TaiwanAl Faisaliyah Center
: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Construction
In the fields of architecture and civil engineering, construction is a process that consists of the building or assembling of infrastructure. Far from being a single activity, large scale construction is a feat of human multitasking...
management companies in the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
with a construction volume of $8 billion in 2010. It is a subsidiary of HOCHTIEF
Hochtief
Hochtief Aktiengesellschaft is Germany's largest construction company. It is based in Essen but operates globally, ranking as the top general builder in the United States through its Turner Corporation subsidiary, and in Australia through the Leighton Group. In 2010 it employed more than 70,000...
Germany.
The early years
Henry Chandlee Turner (b.1871) founded Turner Construction Company during 1902 with $25,000 in start-up capital in New York City on 11 BroadwayBroadway (New York City)
Broadway is a prominent avenue in New York City, United States, which runs through the full length of the borough of Manhattan and continues northward through the Bronx borough before terminating in Westchester County, New York. It is the oldest north–south main thoroughfare in the city, dating to...
. Turner's first job was a $687 project to build a concrete vault for Thrift Bank in Brooklyn
Brooklyn
Brooklyn is the most populous of New York City's five boroughs, with nearly 2.6 million residents, and the second-largest in area. Since 1896, Brooklyn has had the same boundaries as Kings County, which is now the most populous county in New York State and the second-most densely populated...
. In 1903, a Scottish
Scottish people
The Scottish people , or Scots, are a nation and ethnic group native to Scotland. Historically they emerged from an amalgamation of the Picts and Gaels, incorporating neighbouring Britons to the south as well as invading Germanic peoples such as the Anglo-Saxons and the Norse.In modern use,...
industrialist named Robert Gair involved in manufacturing paper products hired Turner Construction to build a plant in Brooklyn. The facility, finished in 1904, measured 180000 sq ft (16,722.5 m²), making it the largest reinforced concrete building in the US. At the same time the company was developing plans for the Gair building, it began building staircases for the New York City subway system
New York City Subway
The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system owned by the City of New York and leased to the New York City Transit Authority, a subsidiary agency of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority and also known as MTA New York City Transit...
. The stairs were designed to be constructed with steel, but Turner thought concrete was a less expensive alternative. After examining public bidding records, Turner undercut competing offers and was awarded the chance to build several staircases in concrete. His alternative worked, leading to contracts for over 50 staircases and platforms for the Interborough Rapid Transit. Branch offices were established to help the company maintain its expanding geographic scope, beginning with an office in Philadelphia in 1907, Buffalo
Buffalo, New York
Buffalo is the second most populous city in the state of New York, after New York City. Located in Western New York on the eastern shores of Lake Erie and at the head of the Niagara River across from Fort Erie, Ontario, Buffalo is the seat of Erie County and the principal city of the...
in 1908, followed by a Boston
Boston
Boston is the capital of and largest city in Massachusetts, and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact on the entire New England region. The city proper had...
office in 1916. When the US entered World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, Turner was among the country's most successful builders. The first 15 years of Turner's history saw it complete $35 million worth of work and constructed buildings for some of the country's largest businesses, including Western Electric
Western Electric
Western Electric Company was an American electrical engineering company, the manufacturing arm of AT&T from 1881 to 1995. It was the scene of a number of technological innovations and also some seminal developments in industrial management...
, Standard Oil
Standard Oil
Standard Oil was a predominant American integrated oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company. Established in 1870 as a corporation in Ohio, it was the largest oil refiner in the world and operated as a major company trust and was one of the world's first and largest multinational...
, Kodak and Colgate
Colgate-Palmolive
Colgate-Palmolive Company is an American diversified multinational corporation focused on the production, distribution and provision of household, health care and personal products, such as soaps, detergents, and oral hygiene products . Under its "Hill's" brand, it is also a manufacturer of...
.
From World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
to the Great Depression
Great Depression
The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s...
, the company's billings grew from under $12 million to nearly $44 million. Like most industries, construction suffered during the economic collapse and Turner's volume fell to $2.5 million by 1933. The company recovered and revenues increased to $12 million by 1937. The company's commercial construction was suspended during the war years, instead focusing on constructing military camps, factories, and government buildings. Henry Turner ended his reign as president in 1941. He relegated himself to chairman, making room for his brother, Archie Turner, as president. Archie Turner led the company through the war, but poor health limited his tenure. In October 1946, Henry Turner retired as chairman, handing the post to his ailing brother. For his replacement, Archie Turner selected Admiral Ben Moreell
Ben Moreell
Admiral Ben Moreell was the chief of the U.S. Navy's Bureau of Yards and Docks and of the Civil Engineer Corps. Best known to the American public as the Father of the Navy's Seabees, Admiral Ben Moreell's life spanned eight decades, two world wars, a great depression and the evolution of the...
, the individual responsible for forming the Seabees. One month after his appointment, Archie Turner died of a heart attack. Four months later, Moreell resigned, and the void was filled by Henry Turner's son, Henry Chandlee (Chan) Turner, Jr.
Postwar projects
Under Chan Turner the company grew as a result of numerous high-profile construction projects. After surpassing $100 million in revenues in 1951, Turner built the United Nations SecretariatUnited Nations Secretariat
The United Nations Secretariat is one of the five principal organs of the United Nations and it is headed by the United Nations Secretary-General, assisted by a staff of international civil servants worldwide. It provides studies, information, and facilities needed by United Nations bodies for...
building in New York in 1952 and the New York headquarters of Chase Manhattan Bank in 1956. During the 1960s, notable projects included the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts
Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts
Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts is a complex of buildings in the Lincoln Square neighborhood of New York City's Upper West Side. Reynold Levy has been its president since 2002.-History and facilities:...
in the early 1960s and Madison Square Garden
Madison Square Garden
Madison Square Garden, often abbreviated as MSG and known colloquially as The Garden, is a multi-purpose indoor arena in the New York City borough of Manhattan and located at 8th Avenue, between 31st and 33rd Streets, situated on top of Pennsylvania Station.Opened on February 11, 1968, it is the...
in 1967. A branch was opened in Cincinnati in 1954, followed by offices in Los Angeles
Los Ángeles
Los Ángeles is the capital of the province of Biobío, in the commune of the same name, in Region VIII , in the center-south of Chile. It is located between the Laja and Biobío rivers. The population is 123,445 inhabitants...
in 1964, Cleveland and Columbus in 1966, and San Francisco in 1968. In 1969, Turner issued over-the-counter
Over-the-counter (finance)
Within the derivatives markets, many products are traded through exchanges. An exchange has the benefit of facilitating liquidity and also mitigates all credit risk concerning the default of a member of the exchange. Products traded on the exchange must be well standardised to transparent trading....
stock. In 1972, the company's stock began trading on the American Stock Exchange
American Stock Exchange
NYSE Amex Equities, formerly known as the American Stock Exchange is an American stock exchange situated in New York. AMEX was a mutual organization, owned by its members. Until 1953, it was known as the New York Curb Exchange. On January 17, 2008, NYSE Euronext announced it would acquire the...
. The company added offices in Detroit and Denver in 1973; Pittsburgh and Atlanta in 1976; Seattle in 1977; and Miami and Portland in 1979. Notable projects included the Vanderbilt University
Vanderbilt University
Vanderbilt University is a private research university located in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. Founded in 1873, the university is named for shipping and rail magnate "Commodore" Cornelius Vanderbilt, who provided Vanderbilt its initial $1 million endowment despite having never been to the...
Medical Center Hospital in 1974 and the John Fitzgerald Kennedy Library in 1977, the year Turner eclipsed $1 billion in sales.
Howard Sinclair Turner became president in 1965, and was chairman from 1970 to 1978, when he was succeeded by Walter B. Shaw. Shaw joined the company shortly before the war, was one of Admiral Moreell's Seabee officers in the Pacific and returned to Turner Construction after the war.
In 1981 Turner Construction acquired Universal Construction, a business founded by Franklin P. Gresham in Huntsville, Alabama
Huntsville, Alabama
Huntsville is a city located primarily in Madison County in the central part of the far northern region of the U.S. state of Alabama. Huntsville is the county seat of Madison County. The city extends west into neighboring Limestone County. Huntsville's population was 180,105 as of the 2010 Census....
.
In 1984, Shaw appointed Herbert Conant as president. In 1984, the Turner Corporation was formed as a holding company with Turner Construction, Turner International Industries and Turner Development Corporation, as subsidiaries. In this new guise, the company added to its physical presence, opening an office in Connecticut in 1980; three California offices in 1983, an office in Orlando in 1984 and offices in Phoenix and Nashville in 1986. A San Jose branch was opened in 1987, followed by Dallas in 1988, and offices in Arlington Heights
Arlington Heights
Arlington Heights can refer to a place in the United States:Towns or cities*Arlington Heights, Illinois*Arlington Heights, Massachusetts*Arlington Heights, Ohio*Arlington Heights, Pennsylvania*Arlington Heights, WashingtonNeighborhoods...
and Kansas City in 1989. Among the projects completed during the 1980s were the Texas Commerce Tower, United Airlines Terminal 1 at O'Hare International Airport
O'Hare International Airport
Chicago O'Hare International Airport , also known as O'Hare Airport, O'Hare Field, Chicago Airport, Chicago International Airport, or simply O'Hare, is a major airport located in the northwestern-most corner of Chicago, Illinois, United States, northwest of the Chicago Loop...
, and Los Angeles' First Interstate World Center.
Turner Construction Company in the 1990s and present
Turner Construction Company erected several sports stadiums during the 1990s. The field was not new to the company: their first sports contract was construction of the promenade at Harvard StadiumHarvard Stadium
Harvard Stadium is a horseshoe-shaped football stadium in the Allston neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, in the United States. Built in 1903, the stadium seats 30,323. The stadium seated up to 57,166 in the past, as permanent steel stands were installed in the north end of the stadium in 1929...
in 1910, followed by a football stadium for the University of Pittsburgh
University of Pittsburgh
The University of Pittsburgh, commonly referred to as Pitt, is a state-related research university located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787 on what was then the American frontier, Pitt is one of the oldest continuously chartered institutions of...
in 1925. In 1995, the company completed construction of the Rose Garden Arena
Rose Garden Arena
Rose Garden, commonly known as the Rose Garden Arena, is the primary indoor sports arena in Portland, Oregon, United States. It is suitable for large indoor events of all sorts, including basketball, ice hockey, rodeos, circuses, conventions, ice shows, concerts, and dramatic productions...
, Portland. In 1996, they built a 72,000-seat stadium in Charlotte, North Carolina, followed by completion of INVESCO Field at Mile High
INVESCO Field at Mile High
Sports Authority Field at Mile High, previously known as Invesco Field at Mile High, and commonly known as Mile High, is a multi-purpose stadium, in Denver, Colorado. It replaced the identically sized, but commercially obsolete Mile High Stadium in 2001...
in 2001.
In August 1999, Hochtief AG of Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
purchased The Turner Corporation for $370 million. By extension, Turner Construction Company gained access to Hochtief’s operations in Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
and the heavy construction field. In 2002, Turner Construction expanded its presence in the Washington D.C. area by acquiring J.A. Jones-Tompkins Builders, Inc., the former subsidiary of J.A. Jones Construction Company. Tompkins Builders, Inc., a new entity, is now a wholly owned subsidiary of Turner Construction.
Operations
Turner has 46 offices in the U.S., is active in 20 countries around the world and averages 1,500 projects per year. Turner services include construction management, general contracting, consulting, construction procurement, insurance and risk management. According to Engineering News-Record’s 2008 Top 400 Contractors Sourcebook, Turner is the largest "Green contractor" in the United States and the third largest contractor overall in the United States. In 2008, Turner completed more than $3 billion of green construction projects. In addition, the firm’s sustainable construction work has grown to 40% of its backlog. Turner’s green building projects are in wide array of building types including in the education, commercial, healthcare and aviation segments. Turner has completed 80 projects that have been LEED Certified by the U. S. Green Building Council (USGBC). An additional 130 projects are LEED Registered. Turner City illustrates projects Turner has successfully completed in a given year. It has been produced by the company annually since 1910.Building types
Turner operates a number of national segment groups, which focus on a particular building type. These include Green Building, Healthcare, Justice, Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology, Public Assembly, Sports, Transportation and Aviation. Turner also offers several services. These services include Turner Logistics, supply chain management and Turner Facilities Management Solutions (FMS).Northeast
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Phase IV: Seattle, Washington - CenturyLink Field: Football stadium - Seattle, Washington
- Husky StadiumHusky StadiumHusky Stadium is an outdoor athletic stadium on the campus of the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington, United States. It is the home of the Washington Huskies...
renovations: Seattle, Washington - 555 Mission Street555 Mission Street555 Mission Street is a 33 story, office tower in the South of Market area of San Francisco, California. Construction of the tower began in 2007 and the tower was finished on September 18, 2008. The building is the first in a new generation of office towers in San Francisco's downtown...
: San Francisco, CaliforniaSan Francisco, CaliforniaSan Francisco , officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the financial, cultural, and transportation center of the San Francisco Bay Area, a region of 7.15 million people which includes San Jose and Oakland... - The Ordway BuildingOrdway BuildingThe Ordway Building is a skyscraper located in downtown Oakland, California. The building lies close to Oakland's Lake Merritt and the tower contains 28 stories of office space. There are eight corner offices per floor, since the skyscraper has a H-shaped floor plan...
: Oakland, CaliforniaOakland, CaliforniaOakland is a major West Coast port city on San Francisco Bay in the U.S. state of California. It is the eighth-largest city in the state with a 2010 population of 390,724... - San Diego International Airport Terminal 1 - Expansion San Diego, CaliforniaSan Diego, CaliforniaSan Diego is the eighth-largest city in the United States and second-largest city in California. The city is located on the coast of the Pacific Ocean in Southern California, immediately adjacent to the Mexican border. The birthplace of California, San Diego is known for its mild year-round...
International
Al Hamra TowerAl Hamra Tower
The Al Hamra Tower is a topped out skyscraper in downtown Kuwait City, Kuwait. Designed by architectural firm Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, the tower is the tallest building in Kuwait on completion in 2011 at . It will also be the tallest sculpted tower in the world.The tower will include of...
: Kuwait City, KuwaitBurj Khalifa: United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates
The United Arab Emirates, abbreviated as the UAE, or shortened to "the Emirates", is a state situated in the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman, and Saudi Arabia, and sharing sea borders with Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, and Iran.The UAE is a...
Emirates Palace Hotel : Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesMubarak Centre: Lahore
Lahore
Lahore is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and the second largest city in the country. With a rich and fabulous history dating back to over a thousand years ago, Lahore is no doubt Pakistan's cultural capital. One of the most densely populated cities in the world, Lahore remains a...
, Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
Taipei 101
Taipei 101
Taipei 101 , formerly known as the Taipei World Financial Center, is a landmark skyscraper located in Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan. The building ranked officially as the world's tallest from 2004 until the opening of the Burj Khalifa in Dubai in 2010...
: TaiwanTuntex Sky Tower
Tuntex Sky Tower
Tuntex Sky Tower, or the T & C Tower or 85 SKYTOWER , is an 85-floor skyscraper located in Lingya District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The structure is high. An antenna pushes the building height to...
: Kaohsiung City, TaiwanAl Faisaliyah Center
Al Faisaliyah Center
The Al Faisaliyah Center is a commercial skyscraper located in the business district of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It is the second tallest building in Saudi Arabia after the Kingdom Centre. Immediately below it an outside viewing deck; at ground level, there is a shopping center with major world brands...
: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia