Two Mile Square Reservation
Encyclopedia
The Two Mile Square Reservation, also called the Two Mile Square Reserve, was a tract of land in Ohio
ceded by Indians
to the United States of America in the Treaty of Greenville
in 1795. It was subsequently surveyed in a manner different from surrounding land, and lots sold to settlers.
in 1794, ending the Northwest Indian War
. As a result of the battle, the Treaty of Greenville was signed, which ceded much of southern and eastern Ohio to America. In addition, Article 3 ceded a number of other tracts, including #11: “One piece two miles square, at the lower rapids of the Sandusky
river.” The lower rapids is today in Fremont, Ohio
, and the reservation is on land that would have otherwise been part of townships four and five north, range fifteen east of the Congress Lands
North and East of First Principal Meridian
.41°20′33"N 83°06′40"W
During the War of 1812
, Fort Stephenson
was built within the reservation, and successfully defended by George Croghan
against attack by British
and Indian troops under General Proctor.
Land District, with sales at the office in Wooster
, for minimum prices assigned by the 1816 act. In 1829, the town was incorporated as Lower Sandusky, and the name was changed to Fremont
in 1848.
Ohio
Ohio is a Midwestern state in the United States. The 34th largest state by area in the U.S.,it is the 7th‑most populous with over 11.5 million residents, containing several major American cities and seven metropolitan areas with populations of 500,000 or more.The state's capital is Columbus...
ceded by Indians
Native Americans in the United States
Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples in North America within the boundaries of the present-day continental United States, parts of Alaska, and the island state of Hawaii. They are composed of numerous, distinct tribes, states, and ethnic groups, many of which survive as...
to the United States of America in the Treaty of Greenville
Treaty of Greenville
The Treaty of Greenville was signed at Fort Greenville , on August 3, 1795, between a coalition of Native Americans & Frontiers men, known as the Western Confederacy, and the United States following the Native American loss at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. It put an end to the Northwest Indian War...
in 1795. It was subsequently surveyed in a manner different from surrounding land, and lots sold to settlers.
History
The Americans won the Battle of Fallen TimbersBattle of Fallen Timbers
The Battle of Fallen Timbers was the final battle of the Northwest Indian War, a struggle between American Indian tribes affiliated with the Western Confederacy and the United States for control of the Northwest Territory...
in 1794, ending the Northwest Indian War
Northwest Indian War
The Northwest Indian War , also known as Little Turtle's War and by various other names, was a war fought between the United States and a confederation of numerous American Indian tribes for control of the Northwest Territory...
. As a result of the battle, the Treaty of Greenville was signed, which ceded much of southern and eastern Ohio to America. In addition, Article 3 ceded a number of other tracts, including #11: “One piece two miles square, at the lower rapids of the Sandusky
Sandusky River
The Sandusky River is a tributary to Lake Erie in north-central Ohio in the United States. It is about long and flows into Lake Erie at Sandusky Bay.-Course:...
river.” The lower rapids is today in Fremont, Ohio
Fremont, Ohio
Fremont Public Schools enroll 4,450 students in public primary and secondary schools. The district administers 9 public schools including seven elementary schools, one middle school, and one high school, Fremont Ross. In addition, the city is home to one private catholic high school, Saint Joseph...
, and the reservation is on land that would have otherwise been part of townships four and five north, range fifteen east of the Congress Lands
Congress Lands
The Congress Lands was a group of land tracts in Ohio that made land available for sale to members of the general public through land offices in various cities, and through the General Land Office...
North and East of First Principal Meridian
North and East of First Principal Meridian
North and East of the First Principal Meridian is a survey and land description in the northwest part of the American state called Ohio.-Survey:...
.41°20′33"N 83°06′40"W
During the War of 1812
War of 1812
The War of 1812 was a military conflict fought between the forces of the United States of America and those of the British Empire. The Americans declared war in 1812 for several reasons, including trade restrictions because of Britain's ongoing war with France, impressment of American merchant...
, Fort Stephenson
Fort Stephenson
Fort Stephenson was the site of the "Battle of Fort Stephenson" during the War of 1812 commanded by Colonel George Croghan . The fort is located in Fremont, Ohio.- External links :**...
was built within the reservation, and successfully defended by George Croghan
George Croghan (soldier)
right|thumb|350px|Congressional medal presented by Congress Feb. 13, 1835. Obverse: Presented by Congress to Colonel George Croghan, 1835. Bust of Colonel Croghan Reverse: Pars Magna Fuit Ft...
against attack by British
Great Britain
Great Britain or Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island, as well as the largest of the British Isles...
and Indian troops under General Proctor.
Survey and Sales
Congress arranged for a special indiscriminate location survey for the reserve. Under the Act of 1805, William Ewing subdivided it into four sections of a mile square in 1807, with neither township or range. These were numbered one to four, with one in the northeast corner, and counting anti-clockwise. By Act of April 27, 1816, Joseph Wampler resurveyed the exterior lines, laid out 310 in-lots and 63 out-lots in the portion of section one east of the river for the town of Croghanville, set off two “Public Reserves” of one quarter section each, divided a river island in section one in two, and divided the remainder of the reserve into 22 “Fractional Sections“ fronting the river of about 80 acres (323,748.8 m²) each. The reserve was assigned to the CantonCanton, Ohio
Canton is the county seat of Stark County in northeastern Ohio, approximately south of Akron and south of Cleveland.The City of Caton is the largest incorporated area within the Canton-Massillon Metropolitan Statistical Area...
Land District, with sales at the office in Wooster
Wooster, Ohio
Wooster is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Wayne County. The municipality is located in northeastern Ohio approximately SSW of Cleveland and SW of Akron. Wooster is noted as the location of The College of Wooster...
, for minimum prices assigned by the 1816 act. In 1829, the town was incorporated as Lower Sandusky, and the name was changed to Fremont
Fremont, Ohio
Fremont Public Schools enroll 4,450 students in public primary and secondary schools. The district administers 9 public schools including seven elementary schools, one middle school, and one high school, Fremont Ross. In addition, the city is home to one private catholic high school, Saint Joseph...
in 1848.