Tyko Vylka
Encyclopedia
Tyko Vylka was the most famous Nenets
painter and author, notable for his Arctic landscapes. He was also active in politics and has been elected the chairman of the Novaya Zemlya Island Soviet
. Tyko Vylka has been a member of polar expeditions.
Tyko in Nenets language means baby polar deer. Ilya is the name he got when he was baptized. His gravestone in Kuznechevskoye Cemetery in Arkhangelsk
uses Илья Константинович Тыко-Вылко (Ilya Konstantinovich Tyko-Vylko), which is incorrect.
in Novaya Zemlya
in hunter's family. His father's name was Hanets (Konstantin) Vylka. In 1901, Tyko Vylka met Alexander Borisov, a pioneer of Russian Arctic landscape painting, who was travelling over the Arctic. Borisov took him into an expedition around Novaya Zemlya and gave him first drawing lessons. In 1903-1904 Vylka also took lessons from Stepan Pisakhov
, an artist and an author, who was living in Novaya Zemlya. Pisakhov encouraged Vylka to continue with the painting, but discouraged him from travelling to Moscow or Saint-Petersburg and getting systematic art education there, since he was afraid that life in big cities would spoil Vylka's fresh perception of nature.
In 1904, Vylka investigated the coast of Novaya Zemlya and created a map of the coast. In 1909, he participated in Vladimir Rusanov
's Arctic expedition around Novaya Zemlya, and created the map of the archipelago. For his role in the Rusanov's expedition, Vylka was decorated by a medal.
He was initially self-taught painting, and then he left for one year (1910-1911) for Moscow where he studied with Abram Arkhipov
and Vasily Pereplyotchikov.
In 1918, Vylka became the Chairman of Belushya Guba settlement Soviet
, and from 1925 to 1956 he served as the Chairman of Novaya Zemlya Island Soviet, the governing body of Novaya Zemlya archipelago. In 1956, the whole civil (indigenous) population of Novaya Zemlya was evacuated to enable the usage of the islands as a military base and a nuclear bomb testing ground. After the resettlement, Tyko Vylka lived in Arkhangelsk
, where he died in 1960s.
There is a street named in his name in Arkhangelsk
. In 1981, a film The Great Sami appeared, featuring the career of Vylka.
. It is generally accepted however that he produced his best paintings in 1950s, after he retired as a politician. These are oil on canvas works, showing northern landscapes, with the dominance of blue and white colors.
Nenets people
The Nenets are an indigenous people in Russia. According to the latest census in 2002, there are 41,302 Nenets in the Russian Federation, most of them living in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and Nenets Autonomous Okrug...
painter and author, notable for his Arctic landscapes. He was also active in politics and has been elected the chairman of the Novaya Zemlya Island Soviet
Soviet (council)
Soviet was a name used for several Russian political organizations. Examples include the Czar's Council of Ministers, which was called the “Soviet of Ministers”; a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia; and the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union....
. Tyko Vylka has been a member of polar expeditions.
Tyko in Nenets language means baby polar deer. Ilya is the name he got when he was baptized. His gravestone in Kuznechevskoye Cemetery in Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk , formerly known as Archangel in English, is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on both banks of the Northern Dvina River near its exit into the White Sea in the north of European Russia. The city spreads for over along the banks of the river...
uses Илья Константинович Тыко-Вылко (Ilya Konstantinovich Tyko-Vylko), which is incorrect.
Biography
Tyko Vylka was born in Belushya GubaBelushya Guba
Belushya Guba is an urban locality and the administrative center of Novaya Zemlya District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located in the southwestern portion of the Southern Island of the Novaya Zemlya arctic archipelago. Population:...
in Novaya Zemlya
Novaya Zemlya
Novaya Zemlya , also known in Dutch as Nova Zembla and in Norwegian as , is an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean in the north of Russia and the extreme northeast of Europe, the easternmost point of Europe lying at Cape Flissingsky on the northern island...
in hunter's family. His father's name was Hanets (Konstantin) Vylka. In 1901, Tyko Vylka met Alexander Borisov, a pioneer of Russian Arctic landscape painting, who was travelling over the Arctic. Borisov took him into an expedition around Novaya Zemlya and gave him first drawing lessons. In 1903-1904 Vylka also took lessons from Stepan Pisakhov
Stepan Pisakhov
Stepan Grigorievich Pisakhov - Russian artist, writer, ethnographer, and fairy tale author.-Biography:Stepan Pisakhov was born into a family of a merchant; at the same time his father was a craftsman – a jeweler and engraver. After finishing a municipal school in Arkhangelsk Stepan studied in...
, an artist and an author, who was living in Novaya Zemlya. Pisakhov encouraged Vylka to continue with the painting, but discouraged him from travelling to Moscow or Saint-Petersburg and getting systematic art education there, since he was afraid that life in big cities would spoil Vylka's fresh perception of nature.
In 1904, Vylka investigated the coast of Novaya Zemlya and created a map of the coast. In 1909, he participated in Vladimir Rusanov
Vladimir Rusanov
Vladimir Alexandrovich Rusanov was an experienced Russian geologist who specialized in the Arctic.In 1909–1911 V. A. Rusanov carried out explorations in Novaya Zemlya. He was helped by Tyko Vylka, his guide, who later became the Chairman of the Novaya Zemlya Soviet.In 1912 Rusanov had been...
's Arctic expedition around Novaya Zemlya, and created the map of the archipelago. For his role in the Rusanov's expedition, Vylka was decorated by a medal.
He was initially self-taught painting, and then he left for one year (1910-1911) for Moscow where he studied with Abram Arkhipov
Abram Arkhipov
Abram Efimovich Arkhipov was a Russian realist artist, who was a member of the art collective The Wanderers as well as the Union of Russian Artists....
and Vasily Pereplyotchikov.
In 1918, Vylka became the Chairman of Belushya Guba settlement Soviet
Soviet (council)
Soviet was a name used for several Russian political organizations. Examples include the Czar's Council of Ministers, which was called the “Soviet of Ministers”; a workers' local council in late Imperial Russia; and the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union....
, and from 1925 to 1956 he served as the Chairman of Novaya Zemlya Island Soviet, the governing body of Novaya Zemlya archipelago. In 1956, the whole civil (indigenous) population of Novaya Zemlya was evacuated to enable the usage of the islands as a military base and a nuclear bomb testing ground. After the resettlement, Tyko Vylka lived in Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk , formerly known as Archangel in English, is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on both banks of the Northern Dvina River near its exit into the White Sea in the north of European Russia. The city spreads for over along the banks of the river...
, where he died in 1960s.
There is a street named in his name in Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk , formerly known as Archangel in English, is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on both banks of the Northern Dvina River near its exit into the White Sea in the north of European Russia. The city spreads for over along the banks of the river...
. In 1981, a film The Great Sami appeared, featuring the career of Vylka.
Art
After one of the Rusanov's expeditions, Vylka created a report as an album of drawings, which was presented to Tsar Nicholas IINicholas II of Russia
Nicholas II was the last Emperor of Russia, Grand Prince of Finland, and titular King of Poland. His official short title was Nicholas II, Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias and he is known as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer by the Russian Orthodox Church.Nicholas II ruled from 1894 until...
. It is generally accepted however that he produced his best paintings in 1950s, after he retired as a politician. These are oil on canvas works, showing northern landscapes, with the dominance of blue and white colors.