Type 1 encryption
Encyclopedia
In cryptography
, a Type 1 product is a device or system certified by the National Security Agency
(NSA) for use in cryptographically
securing classified
U.S.
Government information
.
Type 1 certification is a rigorous process that includes testing and formal analysis of (among other things) cryptographic security, functional security, tamper resistance
, emissions security (EMSEC/TEMPEST
), and security of the product manufacturing and distribution process.
For a historically oriented list of NSA encryption products (most of them Type 1), see NSA encryption systems
. For algorithms that NSA has participated in the development of, see NSA cryptography.
Types 1 through 4 are defined in the National Information Assurance Glossary
(CNSSI No. 4009) which defines Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4 products and keys.
A Type 1 product is defined as:
Cryptography
Cryptography is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties...
, a Type 1 product is a device or system certified by the National Security Agency
National Security Agency
The National Security Agency/Central Security Service is a cryptologic intelligence agency of the United States Department of Defense responsible for the collection and analysis of foreign communications and foreign signals intelligence, as well as protecting U.S...
(NSA) for use in cryptographically
Cryptography
Cryptography is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties...
securing classified
Classified information
Classified information is sensitive information to which access is restricted by law or regulation to particular groups of persons. A formal security clearance is required to handle classified documents or access classified data. The clearance process requires a satisfactory background investigation...
U.S.
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
Government information
Information
Information in its most restricted technical sense is a message or collection of messages that consists of an ordered sequence of symbols, or it is the meaning that can be interpreted from such a message or collection of messages. Information can be recorded or transmitted. It can be recorded as...
.
Type 1 certification is a rigorous process that includes testing and formal analysis of (among other things) cryptographic security, functional security, tamper resistance
Tamper resistance
Tamper resistance is resistance to tampering by either the normal users of a product, package, or system or others with physical access to it. There are many reasons for employing tamper resistance....
, emissions security (EMSEC/TEMPEST
TEMPEST
TEMPEST is a codename referring to investigations and studies of compromising emission . Compromising emanations are defined as unintentional intelligence-bearing signals which, if intercepted and analyzed, may disclose the information transmitted, received, handled, or otherwise processed by any...
), and security of the product manufacturing and distribution process.
For a historically oriented list of NSA encryption products (most of them Type 1), see NSA encryption systems
NSA encryption systems
The National Security Agency took over responsibility for all U.S. Government encryption systems when it was formed in 1952. The technical details of most NSA-approved systems are still classified, but much more about its early systems has become known and its most modern systems share at least...
. For algorithms that NSA has participated in the development of, see NSA cryptography.
Types 1 through 4 are defined in the National Information Assurance Glossary
National Information Assurance Glossary
Committee on National Security Systems Instruction No. 4009, National Information Assurance Glossary, published by the United States federal government, is an unclassified glossary of Information security terms intended to provide a common vocabulary for discussing Information Assurance...
(CNSSI No. 4009) which defines Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4 products and keys.
A Type 1 product is defined as:
- Classified or controlled cryptographic item endorsed by the NSA for securing classified and sensitive U.S. Government information, when appropriately keyed. The term refers only to products, and not to information, key, services, or controls. Type 1 products contain approved NSA algorithms. They are available to U.S. Government users, their contractors, and federally sponsored non-U.S. Government activities subject to export restrictions in accordance with International Traffic in Arms Regulation.
See also
- Type 2 product
- Type 3 product
- Type 4 product
- NSA Suite B Cryptography
- NSA Suite A Cryptography