Ugaritic language - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

The following table shows Proto-Semitic phonemes and their correspondences among Ugaritic, Arabic and Tiberian Hebrew

Tiberian Hebrew

Tiberian Hebrew is the extinct canonical pronunciation of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh and related documents in the Roman Empire. This traditional medieval pronunciation was committed to writing by Masoretic scholars based in the Jewish community of Tiberias , in the form of the Tiberian vocalization...

Proto-Semitic	Ugaritic	Arabic Arabic language Arabic is a name applied to the descendants of the Classical Arabic language of the 6th century AD, used most prominently in the Quran, the Islamic Holy Book...		Tiberian Hebrew Tiberian Hebrew Tiberian Hebrew is the extinct canonical pronunciation of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh and related documents in the Roman Empire. This traditional medieval pronunciation was committed to writing by Masoretic scholars based in the Jewish community of Tiberias , in the form of the Tiberian vocalization...
		ب		בּ
		ف		פּ
	[ð]	ذ	[ð]	ז
	[θ]	ث	[θ]	שׁ	[ʃ]
	[ðˤ]	ظ	[ðˤ]	צ	[sˤ]
		د		דּ
		ت		תּ
	[tˤ]	ط	[tˤ]	ט	[tˤ]
	[ʃ]	س		שׁ	[ʃ]
		ز		ז
		س		ס
	[sˤ]	ص	[sˤ]	צ	[sˤ]
		ل		ל
	[ʃ]	ش	[ʃ]	שׂ	[ɬ]→[s]
	[sˤ]	ض	[ɮˤ]→[dˤ]	צ	[sˤ]
		ج	[ɡʲ]→[d͡ʒ]	גּ
		ك		כּ
	[kˤ]	ق	[kˤ]	ק	[kˤ]
	[ɣ]	غ	[ɣ]	ע	[ʕ]
	[x]	خ	[x]	ח	[ħ]
	[ʕ]	ع	[ʕ]	ע	[ʕ]
	[ħ]	ح	[ħ]	ח	[ħ]
	[ʔ]	ء	[ʔ]	א	[ʔ]
		ه		ה
		م		מ
		ن		נ
		ر		ר
		و		ו
	[j]	ي	[j]	י	[j]
Proto-Semitic	Ugaritic	Arabic Arabic language Arabic is a name applied to the descendants of the Classical Arabic language of the 6th century AD, used most prominently in the Quran, the Islamic Holy Book...		Tiberian Hebrew Tiberian Hebrew Tiberian Hebrew is the extinct canonical pronunciation of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh and related documents in the Roman Empire. This traditional medieval pronunciation was committed to writing by Masoretic scholars based in the Jewish community of Tiberias , in the form of the Tiberian vocalization...

Grammar

Ugaritic is an inflected language, and as a Semitic language its grammatical features are highly similar to those found in Classical Arabic

Arabic language

Arabic is a name applied to the descendants of the Classical Arabic language of the 6th century AD, used most prominently in the Quran, the Islamic Holy Book...

and Akkadian

Akkadian language

Akkadian is an extinct Semitic language that was spoken in ancient Mesopotamia. The earliest attested Semitic language, it used the cuneiform writing system derived ultimately from ancient Sumerian, an unrelated language isolate...

. It possesses two genders (masculine and feminine), three cases

Grammatical case

In grammar, the case of a noun or pronoun is an inflectional form that indicates its grammatical function in a phrase, clause, or sentence. For example, a pronoun may play the role of subject , of direct object , or of possessor...

for nouns and adjectives (nominative, accusative, and genitive); three numbers

Grammatical number

In linguistics, grammatical number is a grammatical category of nouns, pronouns, and adjective and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions ....

: (singular, dual, and plural); and verb aspects

Grammatical aspect

In linguistics, the grammatical aspect of a verb is a grammatical category that defines the temporal flow in a given action, event, or state, from the point of view of the speaker...

similar to those found in other Northwest Semitic

Northwest Semitic languages

The Northwest Semitic languages form a medium-level division of the Semitic language family. The languages of this group are spoken by approximately eight million people today. The group is generally divided into three branches: Ugaritic , Canaanite and Aramaic...

languages. The word order

Word order

In linguistics, word order typology refers to the study of the order of the syntactic constituents of a language, and how different languages can employ different orders. Correlations between orders found in different syntactic subdomains are also of interest...

for Ugaritic is verb–subject–object (VSO), possessed–possessor

Possession (linguistics)

Possession, in the context of linguistics, is an asymmetric relationship between two constituents, the referent of one of which possesses the referent of the other ....

(NG), and noun

Noun

In linguistics, a noun is a member of a large, open lexical category whose members can occur as the main word in the subject of a clause, the object of a verb, or the object of a preposition .Lexical categories are defined in terms of how their members combine with other kinds of...

–adjective

Adjective

In grammar, an adjective is a 'describing' word; the main syntactic role of which is to qualify a noun or noun phrase, giving more information about the object signified....

(NA). Ugaritic is considered a conservative Semitic language, since it retains most of the Proto-Semitic phonemes, the case system and the word order of the Proto-Semitic ancestor.

External links

Ugarit and the Bible. An excerpt from an online introductory course on Ugaritic grammar (the Quartz Hill School of Theology's course noted in the links hereafter); includes a cursory discussion on the relationship between Ugaritic and Old Testament/Hebrew Bible literature.
BBCi website: "El in the Ugaritic tablets" gives many attributes of the Ugaritic creator and his consort Athirat.
Abstract of Mark Smith, The Origins of Biblical Monotheism: Israel's Polytheistic Background and the Ugaritic Text.
Introduction to Ugaritic Grammar (Quartz Hill School of Theology).
Unicode Chart.
What's Ugaritic Got to Do with Anything? by Michael Heiser, Ph.D.

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Grammar

See also

External links