Ulaan Chab
Encyclopedia
Ulaan Chab is a region administered as a prefecture-level city
in south-central Inner Mongolia
, North China
. Its administrative centre is in Jining District
, which was formerly a county-level city. It was established as a prefecture-level city on 1 December 2003, formed from the former Ulanqab League
.
Ulaan Chab city has an area of 54491 square kilometres (21,039.1 sq mi). It borders Hohhot
to the west, Mongolia
to the north, Xilin Gol League
to the northeast, Hebei
to the east and Shanxi
to the south. At the end of 2004, Ulanqab had 2.7 million inhabitants.
The western part of Ulaan Chab used to be part of the now defunct Chinese province of Suiyuan.
, five counties
and four banners:
BSk), marked by long, cold and very dry winters, warm, somewhat humid summers, and strong winds, especially in spring. More than half of the annual precipitation of around 360 millimetres (14.2 in) falls in July and August alone.
, Jining–Erlianhot, and the Jining–Tongliao
Railways. Major inter-provincial roads include the Beijing−Hohhot Expressway (京呼高速), China National Highway 110
(Beijing to Yinchuan) and 208
(Erlianhot to Changzhi).
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
in south-central Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China, located in the northern region of the country. Inner Mongolia shares an international border with the countries of Mongolia and the Russian Federation...
, North China
North China
thumb|250px|Northern [[People's Republic of China]] region.Northern China or North China is a geographical region of China. The heartland of North China is the North China Plain....
. Its administrative centre is in Jining District
Jining, Inner Mongolia
Jining District is an urban district that serves as the administrative seat of Ulaan Chab, a prefecture-level city in the mid-western part of Inner Mongolia, China. It has an area of approximately 114.2 km² and is in the southern foothills of the Yinshan mountains...
, which was formerly a county-level city. It was established as a prefecture-level city on 1 December 2003, formed from the former Ulanqab League
Leagues of Inner Mongolia
A league is an administrative unit in Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China.Leagues are the prefectures of Inner Mongolia. The name comes from a kind of ancient Mongolian administrative unit used during the Qing Dynasty in Mongolia...
.
Ulaan Chab city has an area of 54491 square kilometres (21,039.1 sq mi). It borders Hohhot
Hohhot
Hohhot , is a city in north-central China and the capital of the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, serving as the region's administrative, economic, and cultural centre....
to the west, Mongolia
Mongolia
Mongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...
to the north, Xilin Gol League
Xilin Gol League
Xilin Gol is one of 12 prefecture level divisions of Inner Mongolia. The capital is Xilinhot, the area is 202,580 km². The league's economy is based on mining and agriculture....
to the northeast, Hebei
Hebei
' is a province of the People's Republic of China in the North China region. Its one-character abbreviation is "" , named after Ji Province, a Han Dynasty province that included what is now southern Hebei...
to the east and Shanxi
Shanxi
' is a province in Northern China. Its one-character abbreviation is "晋" , after the state of Jin that existed here during the Spring and Autumn Period....
to the south. At the end of 2004, Ulanqab had 2.7 million inhabitants.
The western part of Ulaan Chab used to be part of the now defunct Chinese province of Suiyuan.
Administrative subdivisions
Ulaan Chab has eleven administrative divisions: one district, one county-level cityCounty-level city
A county-level city is a county-level administrative division of mainland China. County-level cities are usually governed by prefecture-level divisions, but a few are governed directly by province-level divisions....
, five counties
County
A county is a jurisdiction of local government in certain modern nations. Historically in mainland Europe, the original French term, comté, and its equivalents in other languages denoted a jurisdiction under the sovereignty of a count A county is a jurisdiction of local government in certain...
and four banners:
| Map | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2004 est.) |
Area (km²) | Density (/km²) |
| 1 | Jining District | 集宁区 | Jíníng Qū | 260,000 | 114 | 2,281 |
| 2 | Fengzhen City Fengzhen Fengzhen is a county-level city within Ulaan Chab prefecture of Inner Mongolia in the People's Republic of China.Fengzhen is about 200 km from Hohhot, which is the capital of Inner Mongolia.... |
丰镇市 | Fēngzhèn Shì | 310,000 | 2,703 | 115 |
| 3 | Zhuozi County Zhuozi County Zhuozi is a county of Ulanqab prefecture-level city, which in turn is part of Inner Mongolia, China. It has an area of 3,119 km², and in 2004 had about 230,000 inhabitants .... |
卓资县 | Zhuózī Xiàn | 230,000 | 3,119 | 74 |
| 4 | Huade County Huade County Huade County is a county of central Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China, bordering Hebei province to the southeast, Xilin Gol League to the northeast, and Shangdu County to the west. It is under the administration of Ulaan Chab city.-References:*... |
化德县 | Huàdé Xiàn | 160,000 | 2,527 | 63 |
| 5 | Shangdu County | 商都县 | Shāngdū Xiàn | 330,000 | 4,304 | 77 |
| 6 | Xinghe County Xinghe County Xinghe County is a county of south-central Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China, bordering the provinces of Hebei to the east and Shanxi to the south. It is under the administration of Ulaan Chab City, and is situated on the China National Highway 110 between Ulaan Chab and Zhangjiakou in... |
兴和县 | Xīnghé Xiàn | 300,000 | 3,520 | 85 |
| 7 | Liangcheng County Liangcheng County Liangcheng County is a county of south-central Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China, bounded by Shanxi province to the south. It is under the administration of Ulaan Chab city, and borders Fengzhen City to the east, Zhuozi County to the north, and the regional capital of Hohhot to the... |
凉城县 | Liángchéng Xiàn | 230,000 | 3,451 | 67 |
| 8 | Chahar Right Front Banner Chahar Right Front Banner Chahar Right Front Banner is a Banner of Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China, surrounding Jining District and bordering Xinghe County to the east, Fengzhen City to the south, Zhuozi County to the west, and Chahar Right Back Banner to the north. It is under the administration of Ulaan Chab... |
察哈尔右翼前旗 | Cháhā'ěr Yòuyì Qián Qí | 260,000 | 2,734 | 95 |
| 9 | Chahar Right Middle Banner Chahar Right Middle Banner Chahar Right Middle Banner is a county of Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China, bordered by Chahar Right Back Banner to the east, Zhuozi County to the south, and Siziwang Banner to the northwest. It is under the administration of Ulaan Chab City.... |
察哈尔右翼中旗 | Cháhā'ěr Yòuyì Zhōng Qí | 210,000 | 4,200 | 50 |
| 10 | Chahar Right Back Banner Chahar Right Back Banner Chahar Right Back Banner is a banner of Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China, bordering Shangdu County to the northeast, Xinghe County to the southeast, Chahar Right Front Banner to the south, Zhuozi County to the southwest, Chahar Right Back Banner to the west, Siziwang Banner to the... |
察哈尔右翼后旗 | Cháhā'ěr Yòuyì Hòu Qí | 210,000 | 3,803 | 55 |
| 11 | Siziwang Banner Siziwang Banner Siziwang Banner is a banner in Inner Mongolia, China, which is located about north of Hohhot, the capital of Inner Mongolia.-Administration:... |
四子王旗 | Sìzǐwáng Qí | 200,000 | 24,016 | 8 |
Geography and climate
Ulanqab features a cold semi-arid climate (KöppenKöppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
BSk), marked by long, cold and very dry winters, warm, somewhat humid summers, and strong winds, especially in spring. More than half of the annual precipitation of around 360 millimetres (14.2 in) falls in July and August alone.
Demographics
In the 2000 census, there were 2,284,414 inhabitants:| Ethnic group | no. of inhabitants | share |
|---|---|---|
| Han Han Chinese Han Chinese are an ethnic group native to China and are the largest single ethnic group in the world.Han Chinese constitute about 92% of the population of the People's Republic of China , 98% of the population of the Republic of China , 78% of the population of Singapore, and about 20% of the... |
2,203,345 | 96.45% |
| Mongols Mongols Mongols ) are a Central-East Asian ethnic group that lives mainly in the countries of Mongolia, China, and Russia. In China, ethnic Mongols can be found mainly in the central north region of China such as Inner Mongolia... |
60,064 | 2.63% |
| Manchu Manchu The Manchu people or Man are an ethnic minority of China who originated in Manchuria . During their rise in the 17th century, with the help of the Ming dynasty rebels , they came to power in China and founded the Qing Dynasty, which ruled China until the Xinhai Revolution of 1911, which... |
11,792 | 0.52% |
| Hui Hui people The Hui people are an ethnic group in China, defined as Chinese speaking people descended from foreign Muslims. They are typically distinguished by their practice of Islam, however some also practice other religions, and many are direct descendants of Silk Road travelers.In modern People's... |
7,683 | 0.34% |
| Koreans Korean people The Korean people are an ethnic group originating in the Korean peninsula and Manchuria. Koreans are one of the most ethnically and linguistically homogeneous groups in the world.-Names:... |
198 | 0.01% |
| Tujia | 185 | 0.01% |
| Miao Miao people The Miao or ม้ง ; ) is an ethnic group recognized by the government of the People's Republic of China as one of the 55 official minority groups. Miao is a Chinese term and does not reflect the self-designations of the component nations of people, which include Hmong, Hmu, A Hmao, and Kho Xiong... |
175 | 0.01% |
| Other | 972 | 0.04% |
Transport
Ulanqab's transportation network is well-developed, connected by several railways and highways. Some of the railways the pass through the prefecture are the Beijing–BaotouJingbao railway
The Beijing-Baotou Railway or Jingbao Railway is a 833 km railway from Beijing to Baotou, Inner Mongolia in China. It is a very important route in northwestern China....
, Jining–Erlianhot, and the Jining–Tongliao
Jitong railway
Jitong railway is a railway in Inner Mongolia, China opened in 1995. Its start point is at Jining and ends at Tongliao. The Jitong railway is a joint venture between China Railways and the government of Inner Mongolia....
Railways. Major inter-provincial roads include the Beijing−Hohhot Expressway (京呼高速), China National Highway 110
China National Highway 110
China National Highway 110 runs from Beijing to Yinchuan, via Hohhot and Baotou, in Inner Mongolia. It heads northwest from Beijing to Zhangjiakou then heads straight west, and runs to approximately 1,100 kilometres....
(Beijing to Yinchuan) and 208
China National Highway 208
China National Highway 208 runs from Erenhot, Inner Mongolia to Changzhi, Shanxi province. It is 990 kilometres in length and runs south from Erenhot towards Shanxi province.-Route and distance:-External links:*...
(Erlianhot to Changzhi).