Умка Umka
Country Country A country is a region legally identified as a distinct entity in political geography. A country may be an independent sovereign state or one that is occupied by another state, as a non-sovereign or formerly sovereign political division, or a geographic region associated with a previously... :
Subdivision:	City of Belgrade Belgrade Belgrade is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers, where the Pannonian Plain meets the Balkans. According to official results of Census 2011, the city has a population of 1,639,121. It is one of the 15 largest cities in Europe... , Čukarica municipality Cukarica Čukarica is an urban neighborhood and one of the 17 municipalities than constitute the City of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia.- Neighbourhoods :...
Location Location (geography) The terms location and place in geography are used to identify a point or an area on the Earth's surface or elsewhere. The term 'location' generally implies a higher degree of can certainty than "place" which often has an ambiguous boundary relying more on human/social attributes of place identity... :	?
Population Population A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define a sexual population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals... : 2002	5,293
Area code:	(+381) 11
Postal code Postal code A postal code is a series of letters and/or digits appended to a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail. Once postal codes were introduced, other applications became possible.In February 2005, 117 of the 190 member countries of the Universal Postal Union had postal code systems... :	11260
License plates:	BG

Umka (Serbian

Serbian language

Serbian is a form of Serbo-Croatian, a South Slavic language, spoken by Serbs in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia and neighbouring countries....

 Cyrillic: Умка) is a suburban settlement of Belgrade

Belgrade

Belgrade is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers, where the Pannonian Plain meets the Balkans. According to official results of Census 2011, the city has a population of 1,639,121. It is one of the 15 largest cities in Europe...

, the capital of Serbia

Serbia

Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...

. It is located in the municipality of Čukarica

Cukarica

Čukarica is an urban neighborhood and one of the 17 municipalities than constitute the City of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia.- Neighbourhoods :...

.

Location and geography

Umka is located 22 km south-west of Belgrade, on the right bank of the Sava river. It is a crossroads

Crossroads (culture)

In folk magic and mythology, crossroads may represent a location "between the worlds" and, as such, a site where supernatural spirits can be contacted and paranormal events can take place...

 on the Belgrade-Obrenovac

Obrenovac

Obrenovac is a town and municipality located in Serbia at 44°40′ North, 20°13′ East. Its name stems from last name "Obrenović" which in turn stems from name "Obren" in Serbian language. In 2003 the municipality has total population of 75,949...

 freeway, with roads connecting it from here with another important freeway to the east, the Ibarska magistrala.

Umka was a separate municipality, comprising surrounding villages, but in 1960 it was dissolved and divided between Čukarica and Barajevo

Barajevo

Barajevo is a suburban settlement and one of 17 municipalities which constitute the City of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia.- Settlements :...

 municipalities (villages of Meljak

Meljak

Meljak is a suburban settlement of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in the municipality of Barajevo.It is located northeast of the municipal seat of Barajevo....

 and Vranić

Vranic

Vranić is a suburban settlement of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in the municipality of Barajevo. Vranić is the westernmost settlement in the municipality, located 2 km east of the Ibarska magistrala, but as the settlement grew, it reached the highway.Vranić was part of the...

).

From the geological

Geology

Geology is the science comprising the study of solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which it evolves. Geology gives insight into the history of the Earth, as it provides the primary evidence for plate tectonics, the evolutionary history of life, and past climates...

 aspect, the location of the settlement is highly problematic. Entire right slope of the Sava in that section is a very active mass wasting

Mass wasting

Mass wasting, also known as slope movement or mass movement, is the geomorphic process by which soil, regolith, and rock move downslope under the force of gravity. Types of mass wasting include creep, slides, flows, topples, and falls, each with its own characteristic features, and taking place...

 area. This causes the damages on the houses and the freeway which sink and get ruptured constantly. Damages are being repaired and patched but the massive project of stopping down the terrain is found to be too expensive at the moment. Addition to this problem is a route of the future Belgrade-Adriatic highway

Highway

A highway is any public road. In American English, the term is common and almost always designates major roads. In British English, the term designates any road open to the public. Any interconnected set of highways can be variously referred to as a "highway system", a "highway network", or a...

, as the Belgrade City government plans to conduct the road on the left bank of the Sava, in the flat Syrmia

Syrmia

Syrmia is a fertile region of the Pannonian Plain in Europe, between the Danube and Sava rivers. It is divided between Serbia in the east and Croatia in the west....

 region, bypassing the mass wasting area, while the government of Serbia pushes the right bank route. Ensuing debate became highly political and resulted in open clash between the Belgrade's mayor Nenad Bogdanović

Nenad Bogdanovic

Nenad Bogdanović was the mayor of Belgrade, elected to office in October 2004.-Education and career:...

 and Serbian minister for capital investments Velimir Ilić

Velimir Ilic

Velimir "Velja" Ilić is Serbian politician and a former Minister of Capital Investments in the Serbian government in the cabinet of Vojislav Koštunica.- Biography :...

 in 2006.

Population

Umka is classified as an urban settlement (town), but many published sources refer to it as varošica (small town) even though statistically there is no such classification. The settlement experienced high growth of population after World War II

World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

, but has stagnated in the last three decades. New tourist settlement (vikend naselje) is built on the bank of the Sava.

Population of Umka:

• 1921 - 772
• 1961 - 3,731
• 1971 - 5,458
• 1981 - 5,618
• 1991 - 4,840
• 2002 - 5,292

Umka makes a continuous built-up urban area with another suburban settlement, Rucka

Rucka

Rucka is a suburban settlement of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in the municipality of Čukarica.Rucka is the southernmost and the least populated settlement in the municipality of Čukarica...

, so in the future much smaller Rucka (population of 317, Census 2002) might be annexed to it.

Economy

Umka was well known in former Yugoslavia

Yugoslavia

Yugoslavia refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the Balkans during most of the 20th century....

 for its two major factories: Zelengora, the knitted goods manufacturer and general representative for the Speedo

Speedo

Speedo International Ltd. is a manufacturer and distributor of swimwear and swim-related accessories. Founded in Australia in 1914, the industry leading company is now a subsidiary of Pentland Group Plc. Today, the Speedo brand can be found on products ranging from swimsuits and goggles to wrist...

 swimsuits, and Umka cardboard factory. Both factories followed the destiny of other companies during the economic collapse in the 1990s. Umka also has an advanced agricultural farm.