United Nations Security Council Resolution 1769
Encyclopedia
United Nations
Security Council Resolution
1769, adopted unanimously on July 31, 2007, after reaffirming all resolutions on the situation in Sudan
, the Council established the joint African Union – United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) in an attempt to end the violence in Darfur
, for an initial period of twelve months.
After rejecting a first draft version which included the threat of sanctions, Sudan agreed to accept a second resolution which did not include sanction threats, which it described as a "step in the right direction".
(AMIS) and a hybrid operation in Darfur. The parties had agreed that the hybrid operation should have an "Africa
n character" with troops sourced from African countries.
Meanwhile, Resolution 1769 expressed concern about attacks on the population, including widespread sexual violence
, and the safety of humanitarian aid
workers; in this regard, there was a need to bring those responsible for attacks to justice. The Council demanded an end to air raids
and the use of United Nations markings on aircraft in those bombings. It reaffirmed that instability in Darfur may have implications for the wider region and therefore determined the situation to remain a threat to international peace and security.
, the Security Council established UNAMID for an initial period of twelve months. It would consist of United Nations and AMIS troops, numbering 19,555 troops, including 360 military observers and liaison officers, and 3,772 police personnel, including 19 police units of 140 officers. All parties were required to co-operate in UNAMID's deployment.
The peacekeeping
operation was to monitor the arms embargo
in place since Resolution 1556
(2004). Using "all means necessary" under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter
, the mission was also instructed to protect civilians, aid workers and itself from attack and to support the implementation of the Darfur Peace Agreement.
The resolution emphasised that there was no military solution to the conflict in Darfur. There was a need to focus on developmental initiatives such as reconstruction and development, compensation and the return of internally displaced person
s to bring about peacein Darfur.
Finally, the Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon
was requested to report on the situation every 90 days, including the situation on the ground and the implmentation of the peace process.
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
Security Council Resolution
United Nations Security Council Resolution
A United Nations Security Council resolution is a UN resolution adopted by the fifteen members of the Security Council; the UN body charged with "primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security"....
1769, adopted unanimously on July 31, 2007, after reaffirming all resolutions on the situation in Sudan
Sudan
Sudan , officially the Republic of the Sudan , is a country in North Africa, sometimes considered part of the Middle East politically. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the...
, the Council established the joint African Union – United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) in an attempt to end the violence in Darfur
Darfur
Darfur is a region in western Sudan. An independent sultanate for several hundred years, it was incorporated into Sudan by Anglo-Egyptian forces in 1916. The region is divided into three federal states: West Darfur, South Darfur, and North Darfur...
, for an initial period of twelve months.
After rejecting a first draft version which included the threat of sanctions, Sudan agreed to accept a second resolution which did not include sanction threats, which it described as a "step in the right direction".
Observations
In the preamble of the resolution, the Council recalled that all parties–including Sudan–at a consultation on Darfur had agreed for the deployment of the United Nations Light and Heavy Support packages to the African Union Mission in SudanAfrican Union Mission in Sudan
The African Union Mission in Sudan was an African Union peacekeeping force operating primarily in the country's western region of Darfur with the aim of performing peacekeeping operations related to the Darfur conflict. Originally founded in 2004, with a force of 150 troops, by mid-2005, its...
(AMIS) and a hybrid operation in Darfur. The parties had agreed that the hybrid operation should have an "Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
n character" with troops sourced from African countries.
Meanwhile, Resolution 1769 expressed concern about attacks on the population, including widespread sexual violence
Sexual violence
Sexual violence occurs throughout the world, although in most countries there has been little research conducted on the problem. Due to the private nature of sexual violence, estimating the extent of the problem is difficult...
, and the safety of humanitarian aid
Humanitarian aid
Humanitarian aid is material or logistical assistance provided for humanitarian purposes, typically in response to humanitarian crises including natural disaster and man-made disaster. The primary objective of humanitarian aid is to save lives, alleviate suffering, and maintain human dignity...
workers; in this regard, there was a need to bring those responsible for attacks to justice. The Council demanded an end to air raids
Airstrike
An air strike is an attack on a specific objective by military aircraft during an offensive mission. Air strikes are commonly delivered from aircraft such as fighters, bombers, ground attack aircraft, attack helicopters, and others...
and the use of United Nations markings on aircraft in those bombings. It reaffirmed that instability in Darfur may have implications for the wider region and therefore determined the situation to remain a threat to international peace and security.
Acts
With the intention of the supporting the Darfur Peace AgreementDarfur Peace Agreement
There have been two Darfur Peace Agreements that have been signed between the Government of Sudan and Darfuri rebel groups which have intended to end the conflict that is taking place in the Darfur region of the Republic of Sudan.-Abuja Agreement :...
, the Security Council established UNAMID for an initial period of twelve months. It would consist of United Nations and AMIS troops, numbering 19,555 troops, including 360 military observers and liaison officers, and 3,772 police personnel, including 19 police units of 140 officers. All parties were required to co-operate in UNAMID's deployment.
The peacekeeping
Peacekeeping
Peacekeeping is an activity that aims to create the conditions for lasting peace. It is distinguished from both peacebuilding and peacemaking....
operation was to monitor the arms embargo
Arms embargo
An arms embargo is an embargo that applies to weaponry. It may also include "dual use" items. An arms embargo may serve one or more purposes:# to signal disapproval of behavior by a certain actor,# to maintain neutral standing in an ongoing conflict, or...
in place since Resolution 1556
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1556
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1556, adopted unanimously on July 30, 2004, after recalling resolutions 1502 and 1547 on the situation in Sudan, the Council demanded that the Sudanese government disarm the Janjaweed militia and bring to justice those who had committed violations of...
(2004). Using "all means necessary" under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter
Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter
Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter sets out the UN Security Council's powers to maintain peace. It allows the Council to "determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression" and to take military and nonmilitary action to "restore international peace...
, the mission was also instructed to protect civilians, aid workers and itself from attack and to support the implementation of the Darfur Peace Agreement.
The resolution emphasised that there was no military solution to the conflict in Darfur. There was a need to focus on developmental initiatives such as reconstruction and development, compensation and the return of internally displaced person
Internally displaced person
An internally displaced person is someone who is forced to flee his or her home but who remains within his or her country's borders. They are often referred to as refugees, although they do not fall within the current legal definition of a refugee. At the end of 2006 it was estimated there were...
s to bring about peacein Darfur.
Finally, the Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon
Ban Ki-moon
Ban Ki-moon is the eighth and current Secretary-General of the United Nations, after succeeding Kofi Annan in 2007. Before going on to be Secretary-General, Ban was a career diplomat in South Korea's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and in the United Nations. He entered diplomatic service the year he...
was requested to report on the situation every 90 days, including the situation on the ground and the implmentation of the peace process.
See also
- International response to the War in Darfur
- List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1701 to 1800 (2006 – 2008)
- War in DarfurWar in DarfurThe Darfur Conflict was a guerrilla conflict or civil war centered on the Darfur region of Sudan. It began in February 2003 when the Sudan Liberation Movement/Army and Justice and Equality Movement groups in Darfur took up arms, accusing the Sudanese government of oppressing non-Arab Sudanese in...