University of Guelph Arboretum
Encyclopedia
The Guelph Arboretum is modeled after the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University
which was founded in 1872. The Arnold Arboretum is privately endowed as a department of Harvard just as the Guelph Arboretum
is a department of the University of Guelph
. The University of Guelph Arboretum was founded in the early 1970s and plantings started in 1971 which have developed into specialized gardens, botanical collections, and gene conservation programs. These Arboretums are demonstrations of American gardening which did not come into its own until the late nineteenth century. With Industrialization, cities grew in size with a need for natural areas, which were included through the creation of public parks. Views of botanical gardens began to change as they became sources for new material of potential horticultural use rather than only public spaces. Today these spaces act in the propagation of plants that have the potential as attractive and functional ornamentals.
The Arboretum is open all year round to the public from dusk to dawn. There are 73,500 visitors per year. It is used for teaching, research and many other events. There are many university courses, school programs, adult workshops and preregistered group walking tours held at the Arboretum. It is also a popular place for weddings, dinner theatre or memorial services and dedications. There are many walks and tours offered to see the large diversity of plants.
The Aboretum is maintained by the Director, Professor Alan Watson, as well as over 100 volunteers from the University of Guelph and the Guelph
community. Volunteering includes grounds work, gardening, fundraising, auxiliary administration, staff support, assisting in program delivery and at special events.
, Ontario located at 43°32′27"N 80°12′54"W. It has 8.2 kilometres of trail over a span of 165 hectares. There are different trails offered, such as the Ivey Trail and the Trillium Trail. There is much to observe at the Arboretum with 38 species of mammals, 188 species of birds, 39 species of butterflies, 18 reptiles and amphibians as well as shrubs and trees.
The Arboretum offers a great diversity of habitats that meet the needs of a variety of wildlife
. In the winter visitors may see opossum, coyote, fox, meadow vole
and cottontail in the central area. Visitors can gaze into the middle of a soft maple swamp and catch sightings of fairy shrimp
and other aquatic invertebrates.
The average yearly rainfall is 771.4 mm and the average yearly snowfall is 160.8 cm. The Arboretum is located in United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) hardiness zone 5a (-20 to -15 F, -26.2 to -28.8 C).
. There is an emphasis on woody plants at the Arboretum. The Arboretum has a large plant collection (over 40 collections) and these include native plant
as well as introduced species
. The collections are used for research, public education, landscape examples, habitat restoration examples and genetic diversity of rare plants. The collections provide a variety of form and color. The collection labels are very detailed and include not only the common English name, but the Latin botanic name as well as the family name (common and Latin) as well as the natural distribution. Some of the collections include the Dogwood Family Collection and the Bean Family Collection. There are plant collections as well as a horticultural collection.
, crab apple, birch
and conifer among others. These collections put emphasis on species diversity.
Rose
, lilac
, serviceberry
and dwarf conifers are the full extent of the horticultural selection at the Arboretum. The rose collection is not sustained using insecticides or fungicides. Visitors can then see which roses would manage in their pesticide free garden. The dwarf conifers are in their natural form as well as presented at their natural growth rate.
Collection displays a variety of rhododendrons which are a special group of plant. There are over 65 species in the collection. Most rhododendrons are considered to be shrubs with a few exceptions. The collection is dedicated to Leslie Hancock who was a promoter and breeder of these plants in Ontario
. The collection is a diverse sample that can be grown in the Southern Ontario climate. They need protection from the sun and wind. The plants are organized into 3 different classes Azaleas, Alpine Rhododendrons, and Large-flowered Rhododendrons. The blooming period spans from the end of April to the beginning of July.
, Corkwood
, Beech
, Willow
and Pine
. The Dwarf Conifer Collection displays over 150 specimens of different forms and colors. The plants in the garden are not clipped or formed. They can grow to be quite large as well. The dwarf conifers are at their brightest in June (new) and in September (mature).
and promotes positive people and wildlife interactions. The collection includes five gardens that are the size of urban
and suburban backyards. They contain trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants. These provide not only food but cover for wildlife. The five gardens are the butterfly
, moth
and hummingbird
garden, the lawn, native plants garden, suburban garden, and small city garden.
The Wall Custance Memorial Forest is a program that is linked to the Wall-Custance Funeral home in Guelph. Donations are made to commemorate a life by having a tree planted into Memorial Forest. The Memorial Forest Trail is 1.4 km and runs parallel to the Ivey Trail. The tree or shrub is planted in Memorial Forest in either Fall or Spring. In the past 22 years, over 8500 trees and shrubs have been planted.
style of gardening. The garden was dedicated in the memory of Edna and Frank Miller in September 1998. The garden boasts a sheared beech and cedar hedge forming a symmetrical pattern of walls. Boxwood hedges circle two gardens: The Nancy and Dr. Anthony Casper’s Perennial Gardens. The pergolas throughout the garden are used to view different parts of the garden. The two views of trees in the landscape were chosen based on their form and stature. The trees chosen were a silver maple and an English oak. The garden also has a sundial.
at the University of Guelph, provides a variety of programs and workshops year-round and serves as a significant visitor attraction for the citizens of Guelph and Ontario. Whether individuals come for the scenery, a place to study or hold an event there are many things The Arboretum has to offer it’s visitors.
When arriving at The Arboretum there are brochures available at the entrance (and throughout the grounds) for self-guided tours of the grounds. Admission to The Arboretum grounds is free.
The Ivey Trail is distinguished by white “IVEY” on the trail posts, the brochure at the information kiosk will also be able to guide you through this 1.1 km trail. It begins at the entrance to The Arboretum and ends at the J.C. Taylor Nature Centre. Ivey trail features access to most of The Arboretum’s other trail systems because it runs along the centre of The Arboretum.
Trillium Trail
It is a 2.0 km loop that passes through 10 plant collections and crosses many other Arboretum trails. Trillium trail features over 30 species and varieties of native and exotic trees, and it will also take you to the Roy Hammond Rotary Tree Grove. This trail is even accessible in the winter for those cross-country skiers.
, mushrooms or shrubs to sketching nature, wildflower
photography and garden design. To see the current offerings it is best to check the calendar on the University of Guelph Arboretum website.
, Boardroom, Sunroom and the outdoor Conifer rental space for ceremonies. All of the rental facilities offer catering services provided by the University of Guelph Hospitality Services, smoke-free environment, wheelchair accessibility and free parking. Details on packages and capacity can be found at the Guelph Arboretum website.
for all known populations of rare woody plants in Ontario. There are currently over 20 species
that have much of their genetic diversity archived here. For example the endangered Canadian Cucumber Tree (Magnolia acuminata) has genetic information that is preserved here. The goal of this project has been to monitor and preserve the status of these rare woody plants and to inform landowners of them.
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation chartered in the country...
which was founded in 1872. The Arnold Arboretum is privately endowed as a department of Harvard just as the Guelph Arboretum
Arboretum
An arboretum in a narrow sense is a collection of trees only. Related collections include a fruticetum , and a viticetum, a collection of vines. More commonly, today, an arboretum is a botanical garden containing living collections of woody plants intended at least partly for scientific study...
is a department of the University of Guelph
University of Guelph
The University of Guelph, also known as U of G, is a comprehensive public research university in Guelph, Ontario, Canada. It was established in 1964 after the amalgamation of Ontario Agricultural College, the Macdonald Institute, and the Ontario Veterinary College...
. The University of Guelph Arboretum was founded in the early 1970s and plantings started in 1971 which have developed into specialized gardens, botanical collections, and gene conservation programs. These Arboretums are demonstrations of American gardening which did not come into its own until the late nineteenth century. With Industrialization, cities grew in size with a need for natural areas, which were included through the creation of public parks. Views of botanical gardens began to change as they became sources for new material of potential horticultural use rather than only public spaces. Today these spaces act in the propagation of plants that have the potential as attractive and functional ornamentals.
The Arboretum is open all year round to the public from dusk to dawn. There are 73,500 visitors per year. It is used for teaching, research and many other events. There are many university courses, school programs, adult workshops and preregistered group walking tours held at the Arboretum. It is also a popular place for weddings, dinner theatre or memorial services and dedications. There are many walks and tours offered to see the large diversity of plants.
The Aboretum is maintained by the Director, Professor Alan Watson, as well as over 100 volunteers from the University of Guelph and the Guelph
Guelph
Guelph is a city in Ontario, Canada.Guelph may also refer to:* Guelph , consisting of the City of Guelph, Ontario* Guelph , as the above* University of Guelph, in the same city...
community. Volunteering includes grounds work, gardening, fundraising, auxiliary administration, staff support, assisting in program delivery and at special events.
Area
The Guelph Arboretum is set in old growth forests and meadow ecosystems in GuelphGuelph
Guelph is a city in Ontario, Canada.Guelph may also refer to:* Guelph , consisting of the City of Guelph, Ontario* Guelph , as the above* University of Guelph, in the same city...
, Ontario located at 43°32′27"N 80°12′54"W. It has 8.2 kilometres of trail over a span of 165 hectares. There are different trails offered, such as the Ivey Trail and the Trillium Trail. There is much to observe at the Arboretum with 38 species of mammals, 188 species of birds, 39 species of butterflies, 18 reptiles and amphibians as well as shrubs and trees.
The Arboretum offers a great diversity of habitats that meet the needs of a variety of wildlife
Wildlife
Wildlife includes all non-domesticated plants, animals and other organisms. Domesticating wild plant and animal species for human benefit has occurred many times all over the planet, and has a major impact on the environment, both positive and negative....
. In the winter visitors may see opossum, coyote, fox, meadow vole
Meadow Vole
The Meadow Vole , sometimes called the Field Mouse or Meadow Mouse, is a North American vole found across Canada, Alaska and the northern United States. Its range extends further south along the Atlantic coast. One subspecies, the Florida Salt Marsh Vole , is found in Florida, and is classified as...
and cottontail in the central area. Visitors can gaze into the middle of a soft maple swamp and catch sightings of fairy shrimp
Fairy shrimp
Anostraca is one of the four orders of crustaceans in the class Branchiopoda; its members are also known as fairy shrimp. They are usually long . Most species have 20 body segments, bearing 11 pairs of leaf-like phyllopodia , and the body lacks a carapace...
and other aquatic invertebrates.
Climate
The average monthly temperature at the Guelph Arboretum is 6.5 °C; July is the warmest month and has an average temperature of 19.7°C; January is the coldest month and has an average temperature of -7.6 °C.The average yearly rainfall is 771.4 mm and the average yearly snowfall is 160.8 cm. The Arboretum is located in United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) hardiness zone 5a (-20 to -15 F, -26.2 to -28.8 C).
Collection
It is home to 1,700 different trees and shrubs (species, subspecies). Almost all of the trees and shrubs are indigenous to Southern OntarioSouthern Ontario
Southern Ontario is a region of the province of Ontario, Canada that lies south of the French River and Algonquin Park. Depending on the inclusion of the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts, its surface area would cover between 14 to 15% of the province. It is the southernmost region of...
. There is an emphasis on woody plants at the Arboretum. The Arboretum has a large plant collection (over 40 collections) and these include native plant
Native plant
Native plant is a term to describe plants endemic or naturalized to a given area in geologic time.This includes plants that have developed, occur naturally, or existed for many years in an area...
as well as introduced species
Introduced species
An introduced species — or neozoon, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its indigenous or native distributional range, and has arrived in an ecosystem or plant community by human activity, either deliberate or accidental...
. The collections are used for research, public education, landscape examples, habitat restoration examples and genetic diversity of rare plants. The collections provide a variety of form and color. The collection labels are very detailed and include not only the common English name, but the Latin botanic name as well as the family name (common and Latin) as well as the natural distribution. Some of the collections include the Dogwood Family Collection and the Bean Family Collection. There are plant collections as well as a horticultural collection.
Plant Collections and Horticultural Collections
The plant family collection includes MapleMaple
Acer is a genus of trees or shrubs commonly known as maple.Maples are variously classified in a family of their own, the Aceraceae, or together with the Hippocastanaceae included in the family Sapindaceae. Modern classifications, including the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system, favour inclusion in...
, crab apple, birch
Birch
Birch is a tree or shrub of the genus Betula , in the family Betulaceae, closely related to the beech/oak family, Fagaceae. The Betula genus contains 30–60 known taxa...
and conifer among others. These collections put emphasis on species diversity.
Rose
Rose
A rose is a woody perennial of the genus Rosa, within the family Rosaceae. There are over 100 species. They form a group of erect shrubs, and climbing or trailing plants, with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles. Flowers are large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows...
, lilac
Lilac
Syringa is a genus of about 20–25 species of flowering woody plants in the olive family , native to woodland and scrub from southeastern Europe to eastern Asia, and widely and commonly cultivated in temperate areas elsewhere....
, serviceberry
Serviceberry
Amelanchier , also known as shadbush, shadwood or shadblow, serviceberry or sarvisberry, wild pear, juneberry, saskatoon, sugarplum or wild-plum, and chuckley pear is a genus of about 20 species of deciduous-leaved shrubs and small trees in the Rose family .Amelanchier is native to temperate regions...
and dwarf conifers are the full extent of the horticultural selection at the Arboretum. The rose collection is not sustained using insecticides or fungicides. Visitors can then see which roses would manage in their pesticide free garden. The dwarf conifers are in their natural form as well as presented at their natural growth rate.
Frances Ball Rose Garden
The Frances Ball Rose Collection displays a variety of roses. There are over 115 species and varieties in this collection. The Arboretum uses as little pesticides as possible. As a result, roses that need little to no spraying were chosen. There are seven sections in the rose collection. These are Pasture and Swamp roses, Sweetbrier, Dog and Red leaf roses, Rugosa, Smooth and Cinnamon roses, Scotch and Father Hugo Roses, Climbing roses, Old Garden roses, and Canadian Explorer Series. The blooming period for the roses is June-July with a few blooming in early August. For more information on these roses please visit the reference link in this section and scroll to the bottom of the page.Leslie Hancock Memorial Rhododendron Collection
The Leslie Hancock Memorial RhododendronRhododendron
Rhododendron is a genus of over 1 000 species of woody plants in the heath family, most with showy flowers...
Collection displays a variety of rhododendrons which are a special group of plant. There are over 65 species in the collection. Most rhododendrons are considered to be shrubs with a few exceptions. The collection is dedicated to Leslie Hancock who was a promoter and breeder of these plants in Ontario
Ontario
Ontario is a province of Canada, located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province and second largest in total area. It is home to the nation's most populous city, Toronto, and the nation's capital, Ottawa....
. The collection is a diverse sample that can be grown in the Southern Ontario climate. They need protection from the sun and wind. The plants are organized into 3 different classes Azaleas, Alpine Rhododendrons, and Large-flowered Rhododendrons. The blooming period spans from the end of April to the beginning of July.
The World of Trees and Dwarf Conifer Collection
The World of Trees has over 400 species of woody plants from 67 different plant families. A black metal label is at the base of each plant on the grounds. The World of Trees trail is 0.9 km. The collection includes MapleMaple
Acer is a genus of trees or shrubs commonly known as maple.Maples are variously classified in a family of their own, the Aceraceae, or together with the Hippocastanaceae included in the family Sapindaceae. Modern classifications, including the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system, favour inclusion in...
, Corkwood
Corkwood
Corkwood is a common name of a number of plants:*Annona glabra in the West Indies*Duboisia species in Australia*Endiandra sieberi a Corkwood from Australia in the laurel family...
, Beech
Beech
Beech is a genus of ten species of deciduous trees in the family Fagaceae, native to temperate Europe, Asia and North America.-Habit:...
, Willow
Willow
Willows, sallows, and osiers form the genus Salix, around 400 species of deciduous trees and shrubs, found primarily on moist soils in cold and temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere...
and Pine
Pine
Pines are trees in the genus Pinus ,in the family Pinaceae. They make up the monotypic subfamily Pinoideae. There are about 115 species of pine, although different authorities accept between 105 and 125 species.-Etymology:...
. The Dwarf Conifer Collection displays over 150 specimens of different forms and colors. The plants in the garden are not clipped or formed. They can grow to be quite large as well. The dwarf conifers are at their brightest in June (new) and in September (mature).
Gosling Wildlife Gardens and The Wall Custance Memorial Forest
The Gosling Wildlife Gardens is a plant collection that inspires visitors to do similar plantings at their home, as well as, displays woody plants and perennials that attract wildlifeWildlife
Wildlife includes all non-domesticated plants, animals and other organisms. Domesticating wild plant and animal species for human benefit has occurred many times all over the planet, and has a major impact on the environment, both positive and negative....
and promotes positive people and wildlife interactions. The collection includes five gardens that are the size of urban
Urban area
An urban area is characterized by higher population density and vast human features in comparison to areas surrounding it. Urban areas may be cities, towns or conurbations, but the term is not commonly extended to rural settlements such as villages and hamlets.Urban areas are created and further...
and suburban backyards. They contain trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants. These provide not only food but cover for wildlife. The five gardens are the butterfly
Butterfly
A butterfly is a mainly day-flying insect of the order Lepidoptera, which includes the butterflies and moths. Like other holometabolous insects, the butterfly's life cycle consists of four parts: egg, larva, pupa and adult. Most species are diurnal. Butterflies have large, often brightly coloured...
, moth
Moth
A moth is an insect closely related to the butterfly, both being of the order Lepidoptera. Moths form the majority of this order; there are thought to be 150,000 to 250,000 different species of moth , with thousands of species yet to be described...
and hummingbird
Hummingbird
Hummingbirds are birds that comprise the family Trochilidae. They are among the smallest of birds, most species measuring in the 7.5–13 cm range. Indeed, the smallest extant bird species is a hummingbird, the 5-cm Bee Hummingbird. They can hover in mid-air by rapidly flapping their wings...
garden, the lawn, native plants garden, suburban garden, and small city garden.
The Wall Custance Memorial Forest is a program that is linked to the Wall-Custance Funeral home in Guelph. Donations are made to commemorate a life by having a tree planted into Memorial Forest. The Memorial Forest Trail is 1.4 km and runs parallel to the Ivey Trail. The tree or shrub is planted in Memorial Forest in either Fall or Spring. In the past 22 years, over 8500 trees and shrubs have been planted.
G. Porter Memorial Japanese Garden
The garden was dedicated to the memory of David Porter in June 1995. The salutation gateway greets visitors. Along with the Kenninji-Gaki bamboo fence the garden boasts a stone bridge that takes visitors across a reflecting pool. Beyond the bridge is a small teahouse. The teahouse allows visitors to escape stress and to attain serenity. The garden contains woody and herbaceous plants that follow a specific theme. Features of Twentieth- Century American landscaping were taken from traditional European gardens. However the new limitations of urban living make certain features of the European garden unsuitable. As such there has been a renewed interest in Oriental landscaping. Japanese gardens have been of particular interest as they use few well- chosen features including the use of evergreens which make them well suitable for urban environments. It is now more common to see elements like those included in this Japanese garden, which use naturalistic groupings of plants, in European and American designs.Edna and Frank C. Miller English Garden
This garden demonstrates a BritishUnited Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
style of gardening. The garden was dedicated in the memory of Edna and Frank Miller in September 1998. The garden boasts a sheared beech and cedar hedge forming a symmetrical pattern of walls. Boxwood hedges circle two gardens: The Nancy and Dr. Anthony Casper’s Perennial Gardens. The pergolas throughout the garden are used to view different parts of the garden. The two views of trees in the landscape were chosen based on their form and stature. The trees chosen were a silver maple and an English oak. The garden also has a sundial.
Hours
The hours of operation are different for the grounds and the Arboretum Centre. The Arboretum Centre is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Monday- Friday. The grounds are open from dawn to dusk, Monday-Sunday, all year round.Offers
The Arboretum, administered through the Ontario Agricultural CollegeOntario Agricultural College
The Ontario Agricultural College originated at the agricultural laboratories of the Toronto Normal School, and was officially founded in 1874 as an associate agricultural college of the University of Toronto...
at the University of Guelph, provides a variety of programs and workshops year-round and serves as a significant visitor attraction for the citizens of Guelph and Ontario. Whether individuals come for the scenery, a place to study or hold an event there are many things The Arboretum has to offer it’s visitors.
When arriving at The Arboretum there are brochures available at the entrance (and throughout the grounds) for self-guided tours of the grounds. Admission to The Arboretum grounds is free.
Walks and Tours
The Arboretum offers 1 1/2 hour group walks led by Arboretum Auxiliary Docents with a registration requirement. In the summer there are walks offered every Wednesday between June 1-August 3. The walk begins at the J.C. Taylor Centre, commencing at 7 p.m. and ending at 8:30 p.m. Lastly there are Interpretative Tours which are led by Arboretum staff and are between 1-3 hours. The tour includes interpretations of the use of plants for horticultural or naturalization plantings. It is possible to customize the focus of your tour to be education based, natural history, wildlife or horticultural.Trails
Ivey TrailThe Ivey Trail is distinguished by white “IVEY” on the trail posts, the brochure at the information kiosk will also be able to guide you through this 1.1 km trail. It begins at the entrance to The Arboretum and ends at the J.C. Taylor Nature Centre. Ivey trail features access to most of The Arboretum’s other trail systems because it runs along the centre of The Arboretum.
Trillium Trail
It is a 2.0 km loop that passes through 10 plant collections and crosses many other Arboretum trails. Trillium trail features over 30 species and varieties of native and exotic trees, and it will also take you to the Roy Hammond Rotary Tree Grove. This trail is even accessible in the winter for those cross-country skiers.
Workshops
Throughout the year there are a wide variety of workshops that The Arboretum offers. From a workshop on owlsOWLS
OWLS is a mnemonic used by general aviation airplane pilots to assess an unprepared surface for a precautionary landing.Like all mnemonics this check has become part of aviation culture and folklore.OWLS:* Obstacles* Wind direction...
, mushrooms or shrubs to sketching nature, wildflower
Wildflower
A wildflower is a flower that grows wild, meaning it was not intentionally seeded or planted. Yet "wildflower" meadows of a few mixed species are sold in seed packets. The term "wildflower" has been made vague by commercial seedsmen who are interested in selling more flowers or seeds more...
photography and garden design. To see the current offerings it is best to check the calendar on the University of Guelph Arboretum website.
Rental Facilities
The Arboretum can be used for a wide variety of events, such as weddings, meetings, conferences, banquets, fundraising events and fashion shows. There is an AuditoriumAuditorium
An auditorium is a room built to enable an audience to hear and watch performances at venues such as theatres. For movie theaters, the number of auditoriums is expressed as the number of screens.- Etymology :...
, Boardroom, Sunroom and the outdoor Conifer rental space for ceremonies. All of the rental facilities offer catering services provided by the University of Guelph Hospitality Services, smoke-free environment, wheelchair accessibility and free parking. Details on packages and capacity can be found at the Guelph Arboretum website.
Painting on the Green
The outdoor art exhibition, Painting on the Green, has been held as an annual event since June 1960. It was originally called the Outdoor Art Exhibition when it was started by the Guelph Creative Arts Association (GCAA). The exhibition has been held at the University of Guelph Arboretum for the past three years. Over 40 professional and young artists display their paintings, photography, and other works of art at this event.Gene Bank
In 1979 the Arboretum created a gene bankGene bank
Gene banks help preserve genetic material, be it plant or animal. In plants, this could be by freezing cuts from the plant, or stocking the seeds. In animals, this is the freezing of sperm and eggs in zoological freezers until further need. With corals, fragments are taken which are stored in water...
for all known populations of rare woody plants in Ontario. There are currently over 20 species
Species
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
that have much of their genetic diversity archived here. For example the endangered Canadian Cucumber Tree (Magnolia acuminata) has genetic information that is preserved here. The goal of this project has been to monitor and preserve the status of these rare woody plants and to inform landowners of them.