Utricularia campbelliana
Encyclopedia
Utricularia campbelliana is a small epiphytic
, perennial
carnivorous plant
that belongs to the genus
Utricularia. U. campbelliana is endemic to northern South America
, where it is found in Guyana
and Venezuela
and most likely also Brazil
, though no positive records exist from that country. It was originally published and described by Daniel Oliver
in 1887. It is named in honor of William Hunter Campbell, an attorney and amateur botanist who lived in Georgetown, Guyana
. Its habitat is reported as being tree trunks, branches, and prop roots (mostly of Bonnetia
species) at altitudes from 1500 metres (4,921 ft) to 2500 metres (8,202 ft), but has been found at altitudes as low as 690 metres (2,264 ft). It has been seen flowering between August and April. In his 1989 monograph
on the genus, Peter Taylor
noted that at least one specimen has been recorded as being visited by a hummingbird
and it is likely that both U. campbelliana and U. quelchii
are bird-pollinated.
Epiphyte
An epiphyte is a plant that grows upon another plant non-parasitically or sometimes upon some other object , derives its moisture and nutrients from the air and rain and sometimes from debris accumulating around it, and is found in the temperate zone and in the...
, perennial
Perennial plant
A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives for more than two years. The term is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter lived annuals and biennials. The term is sometimes misused by commercial gardeners or horticulturalists to describe only herbaceous perennials...
carnivorous plant
Carnivorous plant
Carnivorous plants are plants that derive some or most of their nutrients from trapping and consuming animals or protozoans, typically insects and other arthropods. Carnivorous plants appear adapted to grow in places where the soil is thin or poor in nutrients, especially nitrogen, such as acidic...
that belongs to the genus
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
Utricularia. U. campbelliana is endemic to northern South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
, where it is found in Guyana
Guyana
Guyana , officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, previously the colony of British Guiana, is a sovereign state on the northern coast of South America that is culturally part of the Anglophone Caribbean. Guyana was a former colony of the Dutch and of the British...
and Venezuela
Venezuela
Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...
and most likely also Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
, though no positive records exist from that country. It was originally published and described by Daniel Oliver
Daniel Oliver
Daniel Oliver, FRS was a British botanist.He was Librarian of the Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew from 1860–1890 and Keeper there from 1864–1890, and Professor of Botany at University College, London from 1861–1888....
in 1887. It is named in honor of William Hunter Campbell, an attorney and amateur botanist who lived in Georgetown, Guyana
Georgetown, Guyana
Georgetown, estimated population 239,227 , is the capital and largest city of Guyana, located in the Demerara-Mahaica region. It is situated on the Atlantic Ocean coast at the mouth of the Demerara River and it was nicknamed 'Garden City of the Caribbean.' Georgetown is located at . The city serves...
. Its habitat is reported as being tree trunks, branches, and prop roots (mostly of Bonnetia
Bonnetia
Bonnetia is a genus of flowering plant in the Bonnetiaceae family. It was previously placed in the Clusiaceae family.Species include:* Bonnetia bolivarensis* Bonnetia celiae* Bonnetia chimantensis* Bonnetia cordifolia...
species) at altitudes from 1500 metres (4,921 ft) to 2500 metres (8,202 ft), but has been found at altitudes as low as 690 metres (2,264 ft). It has been seen flowering between August and April. In his 1989 monograph
Monograph
A monograph is a work of writing upon a single subject, usually by a single author.It is often a scholarly essay or learned treatise, and may be released in the manner of a book or journal article. It is by definition a single document that forms a complete text in itself...
on the genus, Peter Taylor
Peter Taylor (botanist)
Peter Geoffrey Taylor was a British botanist who worked at Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew throughout his career in botany. Taylor was born in 1926 and joined the staff of the herbarium at Kew in 1948. He published his first new species, Utricularia pentadactyla, in 1954...
noted that at least one specimen has been recorded as being visited by a hummingbird
Hummingbird
Hummingbirds are birds that comprise the family Trochilidae. They are among the smallest of birds, most species measuring in the 7.5–13 cm range. Indeed, the smallest extant bird species is a hummingbird, the 5-cm Bee Hummingbird. They can hover in mid-air by rapidly flapping their wings...
and it is likely that both U. campbelliana and U. quelchii
Utricularia quelchii
Utricularia quelchii is a small perennial, epiphyte or terrestrial carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. U. quelchii is endemic to the Guyana Highland region of Guyana and Venezuela with one collection from Brazil. It was originally published and described by N. E. Brown in...
are bird-pollinated.