Valtice
Encyclopedia
The town of Valtice (ˈvalcɪtsɛ; ) in the Czech Republic
contains one of the most impressive Baroque
residences of Central Europe
. It was designed as the seat of the ruling princes of Liechtenstein
by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach
in the early 18th century. Construction was supervised by Domenico Martinelli
, who was employed as an on-site architect. The palace is surrounded by an English park
with the Temple of Diana (1812) and other neoclassical
structures. Together with the neighbouring manor of Lednice
, to which it is connected by a 7 km-long lime-tree avenue, Valtice forms the World Heritage Site
Lednice–Valtice Cultural Landscape
.
The princely family lost all its privileges with the collapse of their protectors the Habsburg Empire and by the then newly established state of Czechoslovakia
in 1918, the predecessor of the Czech Republic; and the castle was confiscated after World War II
, when the Communists took power.
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Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
contains one of the most impressive Baroque
Baroque
The Baroque is a period and the style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music...
residences of Central Europe
Central Europe
Central Europe or alternatively Middle Europe is a region of the European continent lying between the variously defined areas of Eastern and Western Europe...
. It was designed as the seat of the ruling princes of Liechtenstein
Princely Family of Liechtenstein
The Liechtenstein dynasty, from which the principality takes its name, is the family which reigns by constitutional, hereditary right over the nation of Liechtenstein...
by Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach
Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach
----Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach, born Johann Bernhard Fischer was probably the most influential Austrian architect of the Baroque period....
in the early 18th century. Construction was supervised by Domenico Martinelli
Domenico Martinelli
Domenico Martinelli was an Italian architect who worked for Carlo Fontana during 1678. He was an evident figure in the shaping of Baroque style in the North Alps. In 2010 a musical tribute called "Project Martinelli" was performed to him in Munich.-Biography:He was born in Lucca, Tuscany and...
, who was employed as an on-site architect. The palace is surrounded by an English park
English Park
English Park is a multi-use stadium in Christchurch, New Zealand. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Canterbury United. The stadium has a capacity of 9,000 people....
with the Temple of Diana (1812) and other neoclassical
Neoclassical architecture
Neoclassical architecture was an architectural style produced by the neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century, manifested both in its details as a reaction against the Rococo style of naturalistic ornament, and in its architectural formulas as an outgrowth of some classicizing...
structures. Together with the neighbouring manor of Lednice
Lednice
Lednice is a village in South Moravia in the Czech Republic. In 1996 it was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List as "an exceptional example of the designed landscape that evolved in the Enlightenment and afterwards under the care of a single family." It contains a palace and the largest...
, to which it is connected by a 7 km-long lime-tree avenue, Valtice forms the World Heritage Site
World Heritage Site
A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place that is listed by the UNESCO as of special cultural or physical significance...
Lednice–Valtice Cultural Landscape
Lednice–Valtice Cultural Landscape
The Lednice-Valtice Cultural Landscape is a cultural-natural complex of 283,09 km² in the Czech Republic, South Moravian Region, close to Břeclav and Mikulov....
.
The princely family lost all its privileges with the collapse of their protectors the Habsburg Empire and by the then newly established state of Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia or Czecho-Slovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992...
in 1918, the predecessor of the Czech Republic; and the castle was confiscated after World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, when the Communists took power.
Population development
| Census year | Population | Ethnicity of inhabitants | ||
| year | German | Czechs | other |
||||
| 1836 | 2889 | - | - | - |
||||
| 1869 | 2424 | - | - | - |
||||
| 1880 | 2837 | 2804 | 3 | 30 |
||||
| 1890 | 3009 | 2830 | 133 | 36 |
||||
| 1900 | 3036 | 2987 | 34 | 35 |
||||
| 1910 | 3402 | 3291 | 34 | 57 |
||||
| 1921 | 3257 | 2285 | 625 | 332 |
||||
| 1930 | 3393 | 1924 | 1102 | 367 |
||||
| 1939 | 2857 | - | - | - |
||||
Notable people
- Leopold AdametzLeopold AdametzLeopold Adametz was a Moravia-born Austrian zoologist. The son of a manufacturer, he studied at the Hochschule für Bodenkultur in Vienna and at the University of Leipzig. In 1886 he was awarded his doctorate. He became an assistant of Martin Wickens and in 1888 an assistant professor of zoology...
- Franz BauerFranz BauerFranz Andreas Bauer was an Austrian microscopist and botanical artist.Born in Feldsberg, Moravia , he was the son of Lucas Bauer , court painter to the Prince of Liechtenstein, and brother of the painters Josef Anton and Ferdinand Bauer...
note: when Franz relocated to work at Kew Gardens, London his name was anglicized to Francis Bauer - Ferdinand BauerFerdinand BauerFerdinand Lucas Bauer was an Austrian botanical illustrator who travelled on Matthew Flinders' expedition to Australia.-Biography:...
- Joseph Bauer
- Johannes Matthias SpergerJohannes Matthias SpergerJohannes Matthias Sperger, also often Johann, was an Austrian contrabassist and composer....
(1750–1812), contrabassist, composer - The town has connections with the Liechtenstein Family
External links
- World Heritage Site
- Photos of Valtice
- Historie (de)