Vernon Lyman Kellogg
Encyclopedia
Vernon Myman Lyman Kellogg (December 1, 1867 in Emporia, Kansas
– August 8, 1937 in Hartford, Connecticut
) was a U.S. entomologist, evolutionary biologist, and science administrator.
He studied under Francis Snow
at the University of Kansas
, under John Henry Comstock at Stanford University, and under Rudolf Leuckart
at the University of Leipzig in Germany.
From 1894 to 1920 Kellog was professor of entomology
at Stanford University
Kellog specialized in insect taxonomy
and economic entomology. Herbert Hoover
was among his students.
His academic career was interrupted by two years (1915 and 1916) spent in Brussels
as director of Hoover's humanitarian American Commission for Relief in Belgium. Initially a pacifist, Kellogg dined with the officers of the German Supreme Command
. He became shocked by the grotesque Social Darwinist
motivation for the German war machine - the creed of survival of the fittest
based on violent and fatal competitive struggle is the Gospel of the German intellectuals. Kellogg decided these ideas could only be beaten by force and, using his connections with America's political elite, began to campaign for American intervention in the war. He published an account of his conversations in the book Headquarters nights.
He served on the board of trustees for Science Service, now known as Society for Science & the Public
, from 1921-1935.
A cargo ship
built in the United States
during World War II
named SS Vernon L. Kellogg.
Emporia, Kansas
Emporia is a city in and the county seat of Lyon County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 24,916. Emporia lies between Topeka and Wichita at the intersection of U.S. Route 50 with Interstates 335 and 35 on the Kansas Turnpike...
– August 8, 1937 in Hartford, Connecticut
Hartford, Connecticut
Hartford is the capital of the U.S. state of Connecticut. The seat of Hartford County until Connecticut disbanded county government in 1960, it is the second most populous city on New England's largest river, the Connecticut River. As of the 2010 Census, Hartford's population was 124,775, making...
) was a U.S. entomologist, evolutionary biologist, and science administrator.
He studied under Francis Snow
Francis H. Snow
Francis Huntington Snow was an American professor and chancellor of the University of Kansas , and he became prominent through the discovery of a fungus fatal to chinch bugs and its propagation and distribution. Born in Fitchburg, Massachusetts, he was the son of Benjamin and Mary B...
at the University of Kansas
University of Kansas
The University of Kansas is a public research university and the largest university in the state of Kansas. KU campuses are located in Lawrence, Wichita, Overland Park, and Kansas City, Kansas with the main campus being located in Lawrence on Mount Oread, the highest point in Lawrence. The...
, under John Henry Comstock at Stanford University, and under Rudolf Leuckart
Rudolf Leuckart
Karl Georg Friedrich Rudolf Leuckart was a German zoologist who was born in Helmstedt. He was a nephew to naturalist Friedrich Sigismund Leuckart ....
at the University of Leipzig in Germany.
From 1894 to 1920 Kellog was professor of entomology
Entomology
Entomology is the scientific study of insects, a branch of arthropodology...
at Stanford University
Stanford University
The Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly referred to as Stanford University or Stanford, is a private research university on an campus located near Palo Alto, California. It is situated in the northwestern Santa Clara Valley on the San Francisco Peninsula, approximately northwest of San...
Kellog specialized in insect taxonomy
Taxonomy
Taxonomy is the science of identifying and naming species, and arranging them into a classification. The field of taxonomy, sometimes referred to as "biological taxonomy", revolves around the description and use of taxonomic units, known as taxa...
and economic entomology. Herbert Hoover
Herbert Hoover
Herbert Clark Hoover was the 31st President of the United States . Hoover was originally a professional mining engineer and author. As the United States Secretary of Commerce in the 1920s under Presidents Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge, he promoted partnerships between government and business...
was among his students.
His academic career was interrupted by two years (1915 and 1916) spent in Brussels
Brussels
Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...
as director of Hoover's humanitarian American Commission for Relief in Belgium. Initially a pacifist, Kellogg dined with the officers of the German Supreme Command
Oberste Heeresleitung
The Oberste Heeresleitung or OHL was Germany's highest echelon of command of the German Army in World War I, while the Navy was led by the Seekriegsleitung or SKL ....
. He became shocked by the grotesque Social Darwinist
Social Darwinism
Social Darwinism is a term commonly used for theories of society that emerged in England and the United States in the 1870s, seeking to apply the principles of Darwinian evolution to sociology and politics...
motivation for the German war machine - the creed of survival of the fittest
Survival of the fittest
"Survival of the fittest" is a phrase originating in evolutionary theory, as an alternative description of Natural selection. The phrase is today commonly used in contexts that are incompatible with the original meaning as intended by its first two proponents: British polymath philosopher Herbert...
based on violent and fatal competitive struggle is the Gospel of the German intellectuals. Kellogg decided these ideas could only be beaten by force and, using his connections with America's political elite, began to campaign for American intervention in the war. He published an account of his conversations in the book Headquarters nights.
He served on the board of trustees for Science Service, now known as Society for Science & the Public
Society for Science & the Public
Society for Science & the Public , formerly known as Science Service, is a 5013 non-profit organization dedicated to the promotion of science, through its science education programs and publications, including the weekly Science News magazine.Headquartered in Washington, D.C., the organization...
, from 1921-1935.
A cargo ship
Cargo ship
A cargo ship or freighter is any sort of ship or vessel that carries cargo, goods, and materials from one port to another. Thousands of cargo carriers ply the world's seas and oceans each year; they handle the bulk of international trade...
built in the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
during World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
named SS Vernon L. Kellogg.
Works
- Common injurious insects of Kansas (Lawrence University,1892).
- With J.H. Comstock, The elements of insect anatomy; an outline for the use of students in the entomological laboratories of Cornell University and Leland Stanford Junior University (Comstock Pub. Co., Ithaca, 1895).
- With J.H. Comstock, The elements of insect anatomy (Comstock Pub. Co., Ithaca, 1899).
- A list of the biting lice (Mallophaga) taken from birds and mammals of North America (Gov’t print. off., Washington, 1899).
- With Oliver Peebles Jenkins (1850-1935), Lessons in nature study (The Whitaker & Ray Company, San Francisco, 1900).
- With David Starr JordanDavid Starr JordanDavid Starr Jordan, Ph.D., LL.D. was a leading eugenicist, ichthyologist, educator and peace activist. He was president of Indiana University and Stanford University.-Early life and education:...
, Animal Life: A First Book of Zoölogy (D. Appelton and Co., New York, 1900). - Elementary zoology (H. Holt and Company, New York, 1901, reedited in 1902).
- With D.S. Jordan, Animal life; a first book of zoology (D. Appleton and company, New York, 1900, reedited in 1902).
- First lessons in zoology (H. Holt and Company, New York, 1903).
- With D.S. Jordan, Evolution and animal life; an elementary discussion of facts, processes, laws and theories relating to the life and evolution of animals (D. Appleton and company, New York, 1907).
- Darwinism to-day; a discussion of present-day scientific criticism of the Darwinian selection theories, together with a brief account of the principal other proposed auxiliary and alternative theories of species-forming (H. Holt and Company, New York, 1907).
- Insect stories (D. Appleton and company, New York et Londres, 1908, reedited in 1923).
- With D.S. Jordan, The scientific aspects of Luther Burbank’s work (A. M. Robertson, San Francisco, 1909).
- American insects (H. Holt and Company, New York, 1905, reedited in 1908).
- The animals and man (New York, H. Holt and Company, 1905, reedited in 1911).
- With Gordon Floyd FerrisGordon Floyd FerrisGordon Floyd Ferris was an American entomologist. He was Professor of Biology, Entomology at Stanford University from 1912 to 1958.He founded and edited Microentomology....
(1893-1958), The Anoplura and Mallophaga of North American mammals (Stanford University, 1915). - With Rennie Wilbur Doane (1871-1942), Elementary textbook of economic zoology and entomology (H. Holt and Company, New York, 1915). Free online version.
- With Alonzo Engelbert Taylor (1871-1949), The food problem (The Macmillan company, New York, 1917).
- Headquarters nights; a record of conversations and experiences at the headquarters of the German army in France and Belgium (The Atlantic Monthly Press, Boston, v. 1917).
- Fighting starvation in Belgium (Page & company, New York, Doubleday, 1918).
- Herbert Hoover, the man and his work (D. Appleton and company, New York et Londres 1920).
- With des chansons de Charlotte Kellogg, Nuova : or, The new bee, a story for children of five to fifty (Houghton Mifflin company, Boston et New York, v. 1920).
- Human life as the biologist sees it (H. Holt and company, New York, 1922).
- Mind and heredity (Princeton University Press, 1923).
- Evolution (D. Appleton and company, New York et Londres 1924).
- Eugenics and Militarism, presented at First International Eugenics Congress, 1912, published in Atlantic Monthly July 1913.
- Bionomics of War: Military Selection and Race Determination, Social Hygiene, 1/1 (December 1914)
- The Food Problem with Alonzo Engelbert Taylor (1871-1949), (The Macmillan company, New York, 1917).
- Germany in the War and After, New York, The Macmillan Company, 1919.
External links
- Works by & about Vernon Lyman Kellogg at Internet ArchiveInternet ArchiveThe Internet Archive is a non-profit digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It offers permanent storage and access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, music, moving images, and nearly 3 million public domain books. The Internet Archive...
(scanned books original editions color illustrated) - Brief biography
- Picture of the SS Vernon L Kellogg